口译教程部分答案

2.2Whydowehaveeyebrows?Thosetiny,littlehairsaboveoureyesthatmanywomeneitherpluck,paint,pierceortattooplayaveryimportantroleinkeepingmoistureoutofoureyes.Justlikeanumbrellakeepsourbodiesdryfromtherain,ourhairyeyebrowskeepoureyesdryfromrainorsweat.Whenit'spouringrainoutsideorwhensweatdripsdownfromourforeheads,oureyebrowsdiverttheflowofwaterorsweatawayfromoureyes.Ourarch-shapedeyebrowsangletherainorsweataroundtothesideofourfaces--leavingoureyesfairlydry.Bycatchingthewaterorsweat,oureyebrowsnotonlyallowustoseemoreclearly,butalsokeepsaltysweatfromburningorirritatingoureyes.Eyebrowshaveotherrolesalso.Asoneofourmostexpressivefacialfeatures,eyebrowshelpusdeterminehowpeoplearefeelingwithouteverreallyaskingthem.Ifaperson'seyebrowsarefrowning,chancesaretheyaremadorupset.Inaddition,eyebrowshaveanincreasingimpactonourbeautyorfashioncultureovertheyears.Thick,hairyandbigeyebrowstendtobecharacterizedasunattractivewhilethinandpluckedeyebrowsaresaidtobemoreattractive.3.1HotelsinChinaHotelsinChinaareclassifiedintofirstclass,secondclassandthirdclassbasedontheirstar-rating.Five-starandmostfour-starhotelsareinthefirstclass.Guestroomsinfirstclasshotelsallhavefully-fittedbathrooms,refrigerators,telephonesandsatelliteTV.Theyhavefullyadjustableclimatecontrolthroughcentralair-conditioningfacilities.Otherancillaryfacilitiesprovidedbythesehotelsincludesuchthingsasbusinesscentres,conferencefacilities,beautyparlours,saunas,foreignexchange,bowlingcenters,disco-ballrooms,swimmingpools,gymnasiums,restaurants,cafes,shoppingcentersandbarswhichareopen24hoursaday.Thesecondclassgenerallyincludesthree-starhotelsandsometwo-starones.Guestroomfacilitiesandservicesarenotuptothestandardofthoseinfirstclasshotels.Tourgroupsnormallyprefertostayinsecondclasshotels.ThirdclasshotelsaremuchlikemotelsinWesterncountiesintermsoffacilitiesandservices.Hardwarefacilitiesinsuchhotelsareofcourseinferiortothoseprovidedbysecondclasshotels,buttheyofferprices50%ormorebelowthoseofsecondclasshotels.Asaresult,theyarepopularwithmanytourists.5.1Whatmakesagoodconversation?Recently,afriendphonedme.She’soneofthosepeoplewhocouldtalkunderwetcement.I'vediscoveredthatIcanevenputthephonedownandattendtosomethinginanotherroomwhileshe'stalkingandshedoesn’tevennotice.Asecondfriendphonedmethatnight.Iwasverytired,butIsoonforgotmywearinessasweanimatedlysharedouropinions,beliefsandpersonalexperiences.Timeflew,andasIwenttobedverylatethatnight,Ithought,“Now,thatwasareallygoodconversation!”Itoccurredtomethatitmightbeaninterestingtopictoresearchformyspeechtonight.SoIaskedsomeofmyfriendswhattheythoughtmadeagoodconversation.Theyhaddifferentsuggestions,butallagreedonthreemainpoints:mutualinterest,giveandtake,trust.Let'slookatthefirstone:mutualinterest.Aconversationhastobeofinteresttoallconcerned.Asonefriendsuggested,agoodconversationiswhentwoormorepeoplevoluntarilyexplorethetopic.Buthowcanwebesurethatwearenotboringothers?Weneedtobesensitivetothecuesourlistenergivesus.Someonesuggestedifheispullingawayfromyourgrip,orstandingontiptoemakingdesperatesignalstosomeoneelse,heprobablywantsout!Allmyfriendsagreedthataconversationthrivesonabalanceofgivingandtaking.Conversationsarethebuildingblocksofarelationship,onetoldme.Ifconversationsleantoofarinonedirection,therelationshipwilltopple.Weagreedthatgivingandtakingcanbedoneboththroughspeakingandlistening.Throughtalkingwecanentertain,inform,advise,andsharepersonalexperiences.Wefulfillourlistener’semotionalneedswhenwesympathize,praiseorreassurehim.Bylisteningattentivelywecanmaketheotherpersonfeelgoodabouthimself.Wegivehimanoutletforhispent-upfeelings,andasoundingboardforhisideas.Sincemostpeoplewouldrathertalkthanlistenthismeanswesometimeshavetogiveupourowndesiretospeakinfavouroftheotherperson’sneedtotalk.Someonementionedactivelistening.Wecanrespondnon-verballywithoureyesandbodylanguagetodrawoutthespeaker.It'simportanttoaskquestionstoshowinterest.Open-endedquestions,likeHow,What,Where,When,Whyencouragethespeakertocontinue.Thenthere'strust.Arelationshiprequiresmutualtrust.It'slikeaseriesofcircles,someonesaid.Theouterringisforacquaintances.Weusuallyexchangesmalltalkwithacquaintances.Smalltalkisanecessarymediumforfindingamutualinterest.It'sawayoftestingthewaterbeforeplungingin.Thenextcircleisforpeoplewefeelcomfortablewith.Weknowthemwell,wemixwiththemsocially,andmightevenhaveseriousconversationswiththem,butwedon'thaveacloserelationship.Wedon'tletmanyintooursmallerinnercircle.Thatisforthosewefeelsafewith,withwhomwecanbeopenandhonest.Iwaswonderinghowtosumthisallupwhenmyten-year-oldneighborcalledin.Iaskedherifshehadagoodfriendthatsheenjoyedtalkingto.“Ohyes,”shesaid.“ItellmyfriendEmilyeverything.”“Andwhodoesthemosttalking?”Iasked.“Bothofus,”shesaid.“We’reinterestedinthesamethings.I’veknownherforyears.”Therewehaveit:mutualinterests,abalanceoftalkingandlisteningandagoodrelationship.Ithinkshesummeditupwell.Butwhatdoyouthink?I'llleaveittoyoutodecidewhatyouthinkmakesagoodconversation.Whyaregirlsnotasgoodatmathsandscience?Girlsdon'tdoaswellatmathsandscienceasboys.Therearesever