研究生英语精读教程-Eight

《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版下)中国人民大学出版社UnitEightlAmaHighbrow1.Text2.Exercise3.SupplementaryReadinglAmaHighbrow*AldousHuxley①1.highbrown.personwithtastesandinterestsconsideredtobesuperiortothoseofmostpeople雅士,绅士,自命不凡的人［1］Toagreatextent,ofcourse,itisjustamatteroftaste.IamahighbrowforthesamereasonthatIamaneaterofstrawberries.IenjoytheeatingofstrawberriesandIenjoytheprocessesandexperienceswhicharecommonlyqualifiedbythenameofhighbrow.［2］Conversely,Iamnotalowbrow*,becauseIdonotenjoylowbrowprocessesandexperiences.ThusIderiveagreatdeallesspleasurefromjazzandthrillers*thanfromthemusic,letussay,ofBeethovenorthenovels,forexample,ofDostoevsky①;1.lowbrown.personhavingorshowinglittletastefororinterestinintellectualthings平民,俗民,庸俗的人2.thriller※n.onethatthrills,especiallyasensationalorsuspensefulbook,story,playormovie惊险读物andthesexappealofthegirlsonthecoversofmagazinesseemstomelessthrillingthanthemorecomplicatedappealtoagreatvarietyoffeelingsmadebyaRubens①,anEIGreco②,aConstable③,aSeurat④.［3］Again,Ifindthewatchingofhorseracingorfootballmatcheslessagreeableasanoccupationthantheacquisition*andco-ordination*ofknowledge.Readingseemstomemoreentertainingthanbridgeorcross-wordpuzzles*.1.acquisition※n.theactofacquiringorgetting获得2.co-ordinationn.stateofbeingbroughtorputintoproperrelation协调,调和3.cross-wordpuzzlespuzzlesinwhichwordshavetobewritten纵横字谜(一种填字游戏)Andtheslaughtering*ofanimalsforfunisapastimethatleavesmeeithercoldwithdisgustorhotwithindignation.1.slaughter△vt.tokillcruellyorwrongly残杀,屠杀［4］Thereisnodisputing,saystheproverb*,abouttaste-though,infact,humanbeingsspendatleasthalftheirleisuredoingnothingelse-andifhighbrowismandlowbrowismwereexclusively(asitiscertainthattheyareingreatpart)mattersofindividualtaste,therewouldbenomoretosayaboutthemthanwhatIhavesaidintheprecedinglines.1.proverb△n.ashortwell-knownsayinginpopularlanguage格言,谚语［5］Butmorethanmeretasteisatstake;and,realizingthis,thesupportersofeitherpartyhaverationalized*theirpreferencesintermsofargumentsthatinvolveanappealtomoreobjectivestandardsthanthoseofasimplepersonalpreference.1.rationalis[z]ev.treatorexplaininarationalmanner使合理；使……合理化［6］Thuslowbrowsareneverweary*ofcondemninghighbrowsfortheirinhumanity*,norofadmiringthemselvesforbeingsoadmirably*human.1.weary※adj.(of)疲倦的,劳累的2.inhumanity△n.harmingotherhumanbeings残酷,暴虐3.admirableadj.verygood;excellent极好的;可敬佩的Atthesametimetheyarguethattheymustbeintherightbecausetheyaresomuchmorenumerousthanthehighbrows.Totheattacksofthelowbrows(attackswhichhavegrownincreasinglyvocal*andviolentinthecourseofthelastfewyears)thehighbrowsgenerallyreplyinatoneofpatronizing*contempt.1.vocaladj.withorusingthevoice有声音的2.patronis[z]ev.becondescendingtoward;actaspatrontowards对……摆出屈尊俯就的样子；光顾,赞助［7］Theystart,likethePharisee①intheparable*,bythankingGodthattheyarenotasothermenare,andproceedtopaintapictureofthoseothermen,hardlymoreflatteringthanthatwhichSwift②paintedoftheYahoos③.1.parablen.ashortsimplestorywhichteachesamoralorreligiouslesson寓言Thenexplicitly*orimplicitly*,theyassociatetheirhighbrowismwithvirtue,andspeakoftheirownlearnedrefinements*asgoodandoftheiradversaries'ignoranceandcrudity*asbad.1.explicit※adj.clearandfullyexpressed明确的2.implicit△adj.meantthoughnotplainlyexpressed含蓄的3.refinement※n.thequalityofbeingrefined优雅，文雅4.crudityn.thestateorqualityofbeingcrude粗鲁,粗野［8］Eachparty'sargumentsseemtomeequallyfutile*andeachparty'semotionalattitudeequallydeplorable*.Thusthelowbrows'appealtonumberscutsnoiceatall.In1600theearthwasnotthecenteroftheuniversebecausethemajoritythensupposeditwas;nor,becauseshehadmorereaders,wasEllaWheelerWilcox①abetterpoetthanFatherHopkins②.1.futile△adj.useless无用的2.deplorableadj.verybad可悲的,不幸的［9］Asforthelowbrowsclaimtobespeciallyhuman,Iforonehaveneverbeenabletounderstandwhyitshouldbeinhumantousethefacultiesthatdistinguishusfrompigsandgeeseandhumantousethosewhichwesharewiththeloweranimals.［10］Thehighbrowsreversethenumericalargumentandimplythat,becausetheyaresofew,theymustthereforeberight.Butwheretheychieflyoffendisintheirpharisaical*self-congratulationandcontemptforothers.Inthepast,thehighbrowswerealoneinexpressingafeelingofsuperiority;thelowbrowshumblyacceptedthepositionassignedtothem.1.pharisaic(al)adj.makingashowofbeinggoodandreligious(贬义)伪装虔诚的,伪善的［11］Recently,however,therehasbeenachange,andlowbrowsnowadopttowardshighbrowsexactlythesameattitudeashighbrowshavealwaysadoptedtowardsthem.Eachhighbrowdidanddoescongratulatehimselfonbeinguniqueinhisunlikenesstoothermen;andconverselyeachlowbrownowcongratulateshimselfonbeinginsomemysticalwayuniqueinhislikeness-onbeing,sotosay,outstandinglyaverageandextraordinarilyordinary.Thesnarlings*oftheirrespectiveegotisms*addyetanotherdiscordant*notetothecontemporarybabel*.1.snarlv.tomakealowangrysoundwhileshowingtheteeth咆哮,嗥叫2.egotismn.selfishness自我,利己主义3.discordantadj.notinagreement不和谐的4.babel※n.sceneofnoisyandconfusedtalking混乱［12］Inpointoffact,thequestionofrightnessorwrongnesssimplydoesnotenterintothedispute.Thedifferencebetweenhighbrowsandlowbrowsisessentiallyquantitative,notqualitative.Incertainrespects(though