威廉姆森的企业治理观点

:E1(OliverE.Williamson):,,,,(CyertandMarch,1963),,,,,,Williamson1999,,Cyert,MarchSimon,,:E.:,,:(1);(2);(3);(4);(5),,,,,,::F:A:10033947(2003)03007916,,,,?(AlfredMarshall,1932),(JosephSchumpeter,1942)(FriedrichHayek,1945)(ThorsteinVeblen,1904)R(JohnR.Commons,1934)(RonaldCoase,1937),(RobertMichels,1915)(ChesterBarnard,1938)(HerbertSimon,1957)(JamesMarch,1958)(RichardScott,1992),,,,,,,20,()79©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.:,(LionelRobbins,1932):,;,20,,,,,(Buchanan,1975,p.225),,,,,,,(BuchananTullock,1962;BrennanBuchanan,1985),,,,,,18701970,(),(MakowskiOstroy,2001)11()(),,(),(),8020033107©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,(Scott,1992)(),,,(Posner,1993;Reder,1999),/,,():,,(Simon,1985),(),(1957),,,,,(1957b,P.204),:,,,,,,(Simon,1985)(),(),,(),,,,,,(KrepsWilson,1982;Williamson,1985),(Williamson,1975),,,,,,,,,(Aumann,1985,P.35),:(),()81©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,(Selznick,1950a),(),,,()(Simon,1978),,,,,,,,,(NewellSimon,1972)R:,,,(1932,P.4),,()()(),,,(1945)(1938),(1945),,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,:,/:,,,,,,8220033107©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,()()()(,),,,,,(Klein,GrawfordandAlchi2anm,1978),,,,,,(),:?,,?,,?,:,?,,,,(),,,,,,,,(Williamson,1985),()(),()(),,,,,,,,()(),,,,,,,(Galanter,1981),,,,,,,,,()83©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,,,,(KarlLlewellyn,1931),,,(),,,,(Forbearence),,,,,,(),,(Demsetz,1983),,,,,,(Arrow,1999)//(),,,,()(,)(),,,,,,,,?()(MakeorBuy),8420033107©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.:,(MachlupandTabor1960),,,(Mckenzie,1951),(VernonandGraham,1971)(Schmalensee,1973)-(Warren-Boulton,1974)(Westfield,1981),(HartandTirole,1990),,,,,,,?,,,,,?,?,,,,?():,?,,,?,,,,,:,,,?,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,(AlchianandDemsetz,1972),(Coase,1992),,,,(),,,:,,,:1987,(Perry)1989()85©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,()(commonstriple),::,()(),:,,,,,,2,2(k),(M)(H),(k=0),,,M(k)H(k),(k0),X(k),,()8620033107©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,2,M(0)X(0)H(0)(),MXH(),,,:,,(RiordanandWilliamson,1985),,,(Williamson,1991),,,,,,1937(1972),(HolmstromandTirole,1989)(Peltzman,1991),20,,(ShelanskiandKlein,1995)(Lyons,1996)(CrockerandMasten,1996)(RindfleischandHeide,1997)(MastenandSaussier,2000),(BoernerandMacher,2001),,(),,,,(),GM(GM-FisherBody)(Klein,CrawfordandAlchian,1978),(20004),GM,(Whinston,2001);,(Coase,1959)(David,1985)(Akerlof,1970)(Hardin,1968),,,(,),()87©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.k3,k=0,,,,k0,,s,(),,s=0;s033,A:,,,B,(k0)(s=0),CD(s0)C,,C,,,,(),,,,,,,,D,,C,B,B,C,,,,,(),,,,,,,8820033107©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,(),,D,,():,,,,,,,,,A,,,?,,,,(Williamson,1975),,,,,(Schwinn),,,,,,,,3(A),(D),(C)(),,D,ABCA,(k=0),(),,,,/k0,,(,),,,(B),,,(Thompson,1967),,,()89©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,()(),(),,,(C),,(BaronandKreps,1999;Williamson,1975)(),,(Williamson,1988),(EasterbrookandFischel,1986;Posner,1986),:,,,:(1);(2);(3);(4),,,(k=0),,,A,()?,,,B,,,:(A),,,?,:(1);(2);(3),,(a);(b);(c);(d);(e),;(f),;(g),,,,(BC)(),(Demsetz,1968;Posner,1972),,(GaryBecker),,(Becker,1962),,9020033107©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,(Posner,1972),(),,,,,()(PeltzmanandWhinston,2000),,,,,,:,TCE(),,,(Joskow,2000),:,,(RobertMichels,1915),,,,((Simon)),(,Richter,2001)//,,,(),(GrossmanHart,1986;HartMoore,1990;Hart,1995),,,,,,(Salanie,1997),():(),()(Fudenberg,HolmstromandMilgrom)(1990),:,,,,,,,(2002);,(198119931996);,(1996)()91©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,()(),,,,,,,,(Solow,2001),:,,:,(Hart,1995),,/,:(1),(,,);(2);(3),;(4)(Forbearance),,,,,,,,,,()(HolmstromandRoberts),(),,,:,,,,?,,,,(Williamson,1971,1979),(,(GrossmanandHart,1986):(),(Williamson,1985),,,,()(),,,,,9220033107©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.)(Klein,1980),(),,(),,,,,,,,,,:,,,3,C,C,,,,(BanriAsanuma,1989,1992),,,,(),,,1983,(),,(Williamson,1985,1996),(Baron)(Kreps),,(1998),,,,(Williamson,1971,1975),(NikersonandZenger,2001),,,//,,,,,,(com2monstriple),()93©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,,,(),(/),,,,,(business),,,,(Dixit,1996),,,,,,,,,(:)(Kreps,1999):,,()(),(),9420033107©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.