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动词的构成1.助动词2.情态动词3.系动词4.实义动词助动词PART1助动词•助动词的几种形式1)do/don’t2)does/doesn’t3)did/didn’t4)will/won’t5)have,haven’t/has,hasn’t/hadhadn’t6)shallshould/shan’tshouldn’t助动词的用法1)Doyougetupearlyeveryday?2)Ididn’t(没)havelunchyesterday.3)Willyoubebacksoon?4)Hehasn’t(没)finishedtheworkyet.情态动词PART2情态动词1.共同特点1)情态动词后面跟动词原型2)无论否定、疑问都用情态动词3)只有时态变化,无人称变化情态动词can/could1.在表示有能力作某事时,could是can的过去式。Icanswim.Icouldswimattheageoffive.2.在表示请求允许的时候两者和互换,could比can语气更委婉。CanIhelpyou?Couldyouopenthewindow?情态动词must/havetoMust表示主观意愿,否定句用Mustn’t,否定回答用needn’tImustgonow.Youmustn’tplayinthestreet.MustIcleantheroomnow?No,youneedn’t.haveto表示客观条件的限制的“不得不”,它有时态和人称变化,需要助动词来否定和疑问。Idon’thavetocarrythebigbox.Hehadtowashhisclothes.情态动词May表示请求别人允许。MayIuseyourbike?表示可能性。Hemaybeateacher.Hemayliveinthisbuilding.系动词PART3系动词•be动词的几种形式1)amisare2)waswere3)being4)beenbe动词的几种形式第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数be动词的用法与名词、数词、形容词、介词连用1)Iamadoctor.2)Heisten.3)Theyaretired.4)Thecatisunderthetable.5)Thereisapenonthedesk.系动词其他系动词1)变成类get,turn,become,make2)感观动词look,sound,smell,taste,feel3)似乎类seemappear4)保持类staykeep以上系动词只和形容词连用,构成系表结构1)Ifeelhungry.2)Thedaygetslongerandlonger.3)Helookedhappy.实义动词PART4实义动词1.实义动词指的是有具体行为意思的动词。2.实义动词在句中可以做谓语动词和非谓语动词。实义动词3.做谓语动词的用法四种形式:单三,现在分词,过去式,过去分词注意:掌握四种形式的变化规律1)Heworksintheoffice.2)Wearedancingtogether.3)Icaughtacoldlastweek.4)Shehaswateredtheflower.实义动词4.做非谓语动词的用法(指出现在谓语动词之后的动词,它受前面谓语动词的限制)非谓语动词会有三种形式:1)原型(do)2)动名词(doing)3)不定式(todo)实义动词1)用原型:a)letsb.dob)makesb.doc)helpsb.(to)dod)hadbetterdo实义动词2)用动名词:a)likedoingb)enjoydoingc)finishdoingd)介词之后用动名词begoodatdoingwhataboutdoingthankyoufordoing实义动词3)用不定式:a)wanttodob)decidetodoc)plantodod)wouldliketodoe)tellsb.(not)todof)asksb.(not)todoThankyou
本文标题:小学英语动词
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