基于单片机的大棚温湿度控制系统的设计-精品

1摘要随着大棚技术的普及，温室大棚数量不断增多，对于蔬菜大棚来说，最重要的一个管理因素是温湿度控制。温湿度太低，蔬菜就会被冻死或则停止生长，所以要将温湿度始终控制在适合蔬菜生长的范围内。传统的温度控制是在温室大棚内部悬挂温度计，工人依据读取的温度值来调节大棚内的温度。如果仅靠人工控制既耗人力，又容易发生差错。现在，随着农业产业规模的提高，对于数量较多的大棚，传统的温度控制措施就显现出很大的局性。为此，在现代化的蔬菜大棚管理中通常有温湿度自动控制系统，以控制蔬菜大棚温度，适应生产需要。本论文主要阐述了基于AT89C51单片机的温室大棚温湿度控制系统设计原理，主要电路设计及软件设计等。该系统采用AT89C51单片机作为控制器，SHT11作为温湿度数据采集系统，可对执行机构发出指令实现大棚温湿度参数调节，根据实际需求设计了单片机硬件系统，该系统能够实现数据采集，数据处理，数值显示，键盘扫描等功能功能。同时介绍了温湿度传感器，单片机接口，及其应用软件的设计，该基于单片机和SHT11温湿度传感器的大棚温湿度控制系统，该系统性能可靠，结构简单，能实现对温室内温湿度的自动调节。关键词：AT89C51；SHT11；大棚；温湿度；控制系统；传感器；单片机AbstractWiththepopularizationoftrellistechnology,greenhousetrellisanever-growingnumber,forvegetableshedspeaking,oneofthemostimportantmanagementfactoristhetemperatureandhumiditycontrol.Temperatureistoolow,thevegetableswillfreezetodeathorstopgrowing,sowillalwayscontroltemperatureandhumidityinasuitablevegetablegrowthrange.Traditionaltemperaturecontrolisingreenhousetrellisinternalhangingathermometer,workersaccordingtoregulatethetemperaturereadingthetemperatureinsidetheshelter.Ifonlybyartificialcontrolbothconsumptionmanpower,andeasytoplaceregularorders.Now,withtheimprovementofagriculturalindustryscale,forlargerquantityoftrellis,traditionaltemperaturecontrolmeasureswillshowgreatbureausex.Therefore,inmodernvegetableshedmanagementzhongtongoftentemperatureandhumidityautomaticcontrolsystem,inordertocontrolthetemperature,adapttothetrellisvegetableproductionneeds.2ThisthesismainlyelaboratedbasedonAT89C51tomatoescanopytemperatureandhumiditycontrolsystemdesignprinciple,maincircuitdesignandsoftwaredesign,etc.ThissystemUSESAT89C51singlechipmicrocomputerascontroller,SHT10astemperatureandhumiditydataacquisitionsystem,maytotheactuatordirectivesrealizetrellistemperatureandhumidityparametersadjustment,hastheupperandlowerlevelcomputerdirectlysettemperaturerange,temperatureandhumidityreal-timedisplay,andotherfunctions.Accordingtotheactualdemanddesignthemicrocontrollerhardwaresystem,thissystemcanrealizedataacquisition,dataprocessing,thenumericaldisplay,keyboardscanfunctionfunction.Atthesametime,temperatureandhumiditysensorisintroduced,anditsapplicationsoftwareinterfacechipdesign,thisbasedonSCMandSHT10temperatureandhumiditysensorshelter,temperatureandhumiditycontrolsystemreliableperformance,thesystemstructureissimple,canrealizetheautomaticadjustmentofthetemperatureandhumidityinagreenhouse.Keywords：AT89C51;SHT10;vegetableshed;Temperatureandhumidity;ControlSystem;sensor;Single-chipmicrocomputer3目录1.绪论..............................................................................................................................................................41.1系统设计背景..................................................................................................................................41.2系统功能、优势及特点................................................................................................................42.设计内容.................................................................................................................................................52.1总体方案的设计.............................................................................................................................52.1.1设计思想...............................................................................................................................52.1.2系统组成及框图.................................................................................................................52.2系统主要电路的设计....................................................................................................................62.2.1主要芯片89C51的功能及引脚图.................................................................................62.2.2温湿度检测电路的设计...................................................................................................72.2.3温湿度传感器SHT11的工作原理.................................................................................82.2.4温湿度调节系统的设计...................................................................................................92.2.5X25045简介......................................................................................................................93.硬件设计...............................................................................................................................................103.1温湿度测量电路....................................................................................................................103.2LCD显示电路.........................................................................................................................113.3键盘扫描电路........................................................................................................................123.4输出接口控制电路................................................................................................................133.5单片机与X25045接口电路................................................................................................144.系统软件的设计......................................................................................................