INFORMATION SYSTEM DESIGN FOR LAND DEGRADATION ASS

INFORMATIONSYSTEMDESIGNFORLANDDEGRADATIONASSESSMENT,INPARTICULARFORPASTUREAREAS,CASESTUDYOFWESTMONGOLIANarangerelDavaasurenFebruary,2001Informationsystemdesignforlanddegradationassess-ment,inparticularforpastureareas,casestudyofWestMongoliabyNarangerelDavaasurenThesissubmittedtotheInternationalInstituteforAerospaceSurveyandEarthSciencesinpartialful-filmentoftherequirementsforthedegreeofMasterofScienceinGeoinformationManagementforRuralDevelopment.DegreeAssessmentBoardNameProfessor:Dr.TheoBouloucos,SDAdepartment;Ir.KeesBronsveld,ACEdepartment;Prof.Dr.AlfredStein,SDAdepartment.NameExaminers:Prof.Dr.AndrewK.Skidmore,ACEdepartment.INTERNATIONALINSTITUTEFORAEROSPACESURVEYANDEARTHSCIENCESENSCHEDE,THENETHERLANDSDisclaimerThisdocumentdescribesworkundertakenaspartofaprogrammeofstudyattheInternationalInsti-tuteforAerospaceSurveyandEarthSciences.Allviewsandopinionsexpressedthereinremainthesoleresponsibilityoftheauthor,anddonotnecessarilyrepresentthoseoftheinstitute.INFORMATIONSYSTEMDESIFNFORLANDDEGRADATIONASSESSMENTINPARTICULARFORPASTUREAREAS,CASESTUDYOFWESTMONGOLIA.LISTOFTABLESChapter1Table1.1-Maincharacteristicsoftheinformationsystem4Table1.2-RemoteSensingdata8Table.1.3-Maps8Table1.4-Otherdata9Chapter2Table2.1-OptimummixofMethodologies11Table2.2-Datastructurein2dimensions19Chapter3Table3.1-Humanassociatedfactorsdisturbingnaturalequilibrium27Table3.2-Changesincoverage(manpercentagefor1970-1974)andproductivity27Table3.3a-Geographicalterminology33Table3.3b-Botanicalterminology33Table3.3c-Landdegradationrelated33Table3.3d-SpecificMongolianwords34Table3.4-Datadictionary,Processdocumentation37Table3.5-Documentationofthedatastores37Table3.6-Identifiedinformationsystemusersandtheirexpectedbenefits38Chapter4Table4.1-Informationanalysisintermsofusersrequirements46Table4.2-Informationqualityaspects47Table4.3-Informationdescription51Table4.4-Dataformatrequirementstokeydataprovides53Chapter6Table6.1-ProductionElasticity64Table6.2-ThesubprovincesofUvswiththehighestamountofthelivestock67Table6.3-Mainvegetationmappingfeaturesatmediumandlowscales,basedonspaceimages71Table6.4-Vegetationclasseswithincorrespondinglandscapetype72Table6.5-Land_somonclasses73Table6.6-Vegetationtypebysubprovinces(source:classifiedNOAAimage)74Table6.7-Amountofgoodpastureswithinsubprovinces(source:classifiedNOAAimage)74Table6.8-Vegetationtypecomputedashavebeenchanged76INFORMATIONSYSTEMDESIFNFORLANDDEGRADATIONASSESSMENTINPARTICULARFORPASTUREAREAS,CASESTUDYOFWESTMONGOLIA.Table6.9-Landscapetypecomputedashavebeenchanged76Table6.10-Assessmentofplantcoverdisturbanceswithinaltitudebelts77Table6.11-Areasofgoodpastureswithinsubprovinces(source:classifiedNOAAimage)78Table6.12-Correlationbetweengoodpasturesandlivestockdensity78INFORMATIONSYSTEMDESIFNFORLANDDEGRADATIONASSESSMENTINPARTICULARFORPASTUREAREAS,CASESTUDYOFWESTMONGOLIA.LISTOFFIGURESChapter1Figure1.1-Theimplementedstepsofnewinformationsystemdesign5Figure1.2-SequentialflowofMethodology9Chapter2Figure2.1-LanddegradationextentinMongolia13Figure2.2-PhasesofDatabasedesign20Chapter3Figure3.1-LanddegradationinMongolianbyprovinces26Figure3.2-Degradingchangesinvegetation28Figure3.3-Schemeoflanddegradationprocessinducedbyovergrazing30Figure3.4-ProblemTree32Figure3.5-Themaintaskofthelanddegradationassessmentinformationsystem35Figure3.6-TopleveldiagramoflanddegradationassessmentsubsystemswithinSystemWorld36Figure3.7-Informationarchitectureofthelanddegradationassessmentinformationsystem41Figure3.8-Informationflow42Chapter4Figure4.1-Mainprocesseswithininformationsystempresentedbylow-leveldiagram48Chapter5Figure5.1-Vegetationchangeanalysissystem56Figure5.2-Vegetationclassificationprocess58Figure5.3-Ecosystemassessmentprocess59Chapter6Figure6.1-DatabaseimplementationonMicrosoftAccess67Figure6.2-Shadedreliefmap(minimised)andstudyarea68Figure6.3-ThemajorgeographicalfeaturesoftheUvsprovince69Figure6.4-Spatialdatainputflowchart70Figure6.5-Distributionofvegetationwithincorrespondinglandscapetype72Figure6.6-Computedareasofdifferencewithinsubprovinces76INFORMATIONSYSTEMDESIFNFORLANDDEGRADATIONASSESSMENTINPARTICULARFORPASTUREAREAS,CASESTUDYOFWESTMONGOLIA.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSIamhighlyindebtedtoGovernmentofJapan,JJ/WBGSPsecretariat,thosefinancialsupportmademystudyatInternationalInstituteforAerospaceSurveyandEarthSciences,ITC,Enschede,theNether-landspossibleandinfluencedmyfuturelifeandcareer.Thankyouverymuch!Manythanksaregoestomysupervisors:Firstsupervisor-Dr.TheoBouloucos,SDAdepartmentofITC;Secondsupervisor-Ir.KeesBronsveld,ACEdepartmentofITC;Secondsupervisor-Prof.Dr.AlfredStein,SDAdepartmentofITC.Iappreciateverymuchthetimespendbyallofyougivingmescientificadviseandassistanceduringmythesisworkingtime.MyheartfeltgratitudegoestoDr.M.Ganzorig,Director,InformaticsandRemoteSensingInstitute,MongolianAcademyofSciencesforhisinvaluableandconstantsupportduringmystudytimeatITC.Thankyouverymuch!VeryspecialthankstoDr.S.Itzerott,InstituteofGeoecologyandGeography,UniversityofPotsdam,Germanyforprovidingdata,offeredhelpduringscientificconferenceinBerlin,const