必修3第三单元语法：名词性从句课件

名词性从句名词性从句：一个句子充当主语，宾语，表语，同位语名词性从句主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.3.Theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothetask.4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.主语宾语表语同位语Findouttheclause,andtellwhatkindofclauseitis:名词性从句在功能上相当于名词Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.主语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.表语｛｛Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.宾语Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.同位语｛｛连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what,连接副词how,why,when,where连接词that,whether,if(只能引导宾语从句)引导名词性从句的连接词连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。（不充当从句的任何成分）who/whom/whose/which/what(连接代词）when/where/why/how…（连接副词）1.Idon’tdoubt(that)youwillsucceed.2.Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcometonight.3.Idoubtif/whetheryouwillkeepyourpromise.连接词conj.that/if/whetherquestionwordthat;whether,if（是否）：在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分,被称为连接词连接代词和副词的使用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。________weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idon’tknow_____broketheglassyesterday.Whenwho我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea______helookslike.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis______Ileftmyglasses.whatwhere找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?2.Idon'tknowwherehashegone.3.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatthematterwas.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsthereareinyourclass?Idon'tknowwherehehasgone.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatwasthematter.规律一：名词性从句中须使用陈述语序！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.5.Hisrecommendationthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.Wesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.Hisrecommendationthatwe(should)gothereonfoot…...规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！一个坚持：insist两个命令：ordercommand三个建议：suggestadviserecommend（propose）四个要求：require，request，demand，desire宾语从句中的虚拟名词demand,suggestion,proposal,advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为should+do,should可省略HegavemeasuggestionthatI(should)becalmnow.找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.8.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.9.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris…...HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot.规律三：4种情况只能用whether，不能用if：（1）除宾语从句之外的名词性从句（2）前面有介词；（3）与ornot连用。(4)在动词不定式之前10.Idon’tknowiftodoit.whetherFillintheblanksusing‘whether/if’1.Iaskedher_____________shehadabike.2._________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.We’reworriedabout___________heissafe.4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.5.Idon’tknow____________ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis__________heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion___________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idon’tknow____________togo.9.Ididn’tknow___________tolaughortocry.10._____youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherIf如果，只用if找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：11Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.12.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.itIt规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助“it”而后置。1用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。e.g.Itdoesn’tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.2用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语从句放在句末Ifounditquiteasurprisethateverybodyinthatcityhasacar.补充：think/suppose/consider/believe/find/feel/make+it+宾补+that…找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：13Isawheistalkingwithhermother.14.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlighttraveledfasterthansound.Hebelieves_________________________________.wastravels规律5:宾语从句中1.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态。2.当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态。3当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍用一般现在时。hisdreamwillcometruesomeday找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：15Nomatterwhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.Whoever规律6whatever,whoever,whichever…除用于引导的名词性从句外，还可用于引导让步状语从句，可以用nomatterwhat,nomatterwho,nomatterwhich…替换。引导词that的省略that可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略that不可省略的情况：a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句e.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略名词性从句和定语从句区别从句充当的成分不同•1Idon’tknowwhenhewillleave.•2Idon’tknowthetimewhenhewillleave.•3ThatiswhomIwanttosee.•4ThatisthegirlwhomIwanttosee.定定名名修饰的名词不同定语从句的先行词可以是各类名词，而可同位语从句的名词是抽象名词常用名词有:belief,fact,idea,view,question,hope,news,doubt,thought,information,opinion，suggestion,order，demand，wish，possibility,message等定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略。1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.2.WeexpressedthehopethatwewouldcometoChinaagain.AttributiveorAppositiveATAP•1Wordcamethathewouldcometoseeusall.•2Wordcamethatherefusedtobelieve.•Anideahitmethatwecangotherebyboat.•3Ihavenoideawherehewasborn.•4Heleftthesmalltownwherehewasborn.1________youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether2—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.—Isthat_________youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where3________the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That4_______youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This