54TL494开关电源毕业设计

I2011沈阳理工大学XX上传摘要随着开关电源在计算机、通信、航空航天、仪器仪表及家用电器等方面的广泛应用,人们对其需求量日益增长,并且对电源的效率、体积、重量及可靠性等方面提出了更高的要求。开关电源以其效率高、体积小、重量轻等优势在很多方面逐步取代了效率低、又笨又重的线性电源。电力电子技术的发展，特别是大功率器件IGBT和MOSFET的迅速发展，将开关电源的工作频率提高到相当高的水平，使其具有高稳定性和高性价比等特性。开关电源技术的主要用途之一是为信息产业服务。信息技术的发展对电源技术又提出了更高的要求，从而促进了开关电源技术的发展。开关电源的高频变换电路形式很多,常用的变换电路有推挽、全桥、半桥、单端正激和单端反激等形式。其中,在半桥式变换器电路中,变压器初级在整个周期中都流过电流,磁芯利用得更加充分。本文介绍了一款基于PWM技术的半桥式开关稳压电源。给出了高频变压器、PWM控制及驱动电路的详细设计方法及设计思路，并用该方法设计了一台输出电压可自由调节的开关稳压电源。关键词：PWM；半桥电路；开关电源IIABSTRACTWiththeswitchpowersourceextensiveuseinthefieldofcomputer,communicatebyletter,aeronauticsandastronautics,instrumentappearanceanddomesticappliancesetc.,peopleincreasesbygraduallytowhoseneedamounts,havebroughtforwardhigherrequesttoaspectsuchaspowersourceefficiency,bulkfactor,andreliability.Theswitchpowersourceissmallwithit'sefficiencyheight,volume,weightmakeslightoftowaitforadvantagetohavesubstitutedtheinefficient,bothstupidandseriouslinearitypowersourceinmanyaspectsstepbystep.Theelectricpowerelectronictechnologydevelopment,speciallyhighefficiencycomponentIGBTandtheMOSFETrapiddevelopment,enhancestheswitchingpowersupplyoperatingfrequencytothequitehighlevel,enableittohavethehighstabilityandGaoXingjiacomparesandsoonthecharacteristic.Oneofswitchingpowersupplytechnologymainusesisservesfortheinformationindustries.Theinformationtechnologydevelopmentalsosetahigherrequesttothepowersourcetechnology,thuspromotedtheswitchingpowersupplytechnologydevelopment.Switchpowersourcehighfrequencyalternationcircuitformmany,formssuchasalternationcircuitincommonusehavingthepush-pull,entirebridge,thebridge,onlyuprightexcitingandsingleendexcitingpartlyonthecontrary.Amongthem,behitbyinhalfbridgetypesconvertercircuit,thetransformeriselementaryinentireperiodall.Thistextintroduceahalfbridgeswitchingmodepowersupply(SMPS)basedonthePWMtechnology.Thedetaileddesignmethodofhighfrequencytransformer,PWMcontrolanddriveelectriccircuitanddesignwayofthinkingwereprovided,counteractedthatmethodtodesignonesetbiggestoutputthepoweras320Wofmanyroaddirectcurrentsoutputthehalfbridgeswitchingmodepowersupply.IIIKeywords:PWM;Halfbridgecircuit;switchpowersource目录1引言..............................................................................................11.1背景和意义.........................................................................11.2开关电源的现状及趋势......................................................11.3课题研究意义.....................................................................32脉宽调制电路设计.......................................................................42.1设计基本设想.....................................................................42.2主电路设计.........................................................................52.2.1输入滤波电路............................................................62.2.2整流与滤波电路........................................................62.2.3逆变电路...................................................................62.2.4输出滤波电路............................................................62.2.5控制驱动电路............................................................63脉宽调制芯片TL494...................................................................83.1TL494管脚图.....................................................................83.2TL494内部电路介绍..........................................................83.3TL494管脚功能及参数......................................................93.4TL494脉宽调压原理........................................................114脉宽调制硬件设计.....................................................................134.1高压滤波电路设计...........................................................134.2PWM控制电路的设计.....................................................144.3启动回路部分设计...........................................................164.4输出回路的设计...............................................................194.5主电路设计图设计与分析................................................21IV5PCB设计制作与电路调试.........................................................245.1原理图的设计步骤...........................................................245.2特殊元件的布局...............................................................265.3布线处理...........................................................................275.4调试计划...........................................................................29结论................................................................................................31致谢................................................................................................32参考文献..........................................................................................33附录................................................................................................34附录A英文原文.....................................................................34附录B汉语翻译.....................................................................44附录C实物图........................................................................53沈阳理工大学学士学位论文11引言1.1背景和意义电源是电子设备的心脏部分，其质量的好坏直接影响着电子设备的可靠性，而且电子设备的故障60%来自电源，因此，电源越来越受人们的重视。开关稳压电源的调整工作在开关状态，主要的优越性就是变换效率高，可达70%-95%。因此目前空间技术、