人教版英语必修5第五单元Language-points

aidsb.todosth.withtheaidof…inaidof…beanaidto\for…do\give\offerfirstaid1.aidn.&vt.帮助;援助;资助firstaid急救帮助某人做某事在……的帮助下为帮助……对……有帮助进行急救Adictionaryisanaidforlearninganewlanguage.字典对学一门新语言有帮助。2.temporaryadj.暂时的；临时的n.临时工；拓展：temporarilyadv.暂时地；临时地temporarinessn.临时；暂时Saveitinatemporaryfileandtrytocompileit.将它保存在一个临时文件中，然后尝试编译它。3.fallill生病Thestudentsfallillwhentheflubreaksout.流感爆发时同学们都生病了。fallasleep入睡；falloff掉下；跌落；fallfor爱上；迷恋；上当；受骗；fallbehind落后falldown摔倒falltopieces崩溃fallinlove(withsb.)爱上dosb.aninjury=doaninjurytosb.伤害某人4.injuryn.损伤；伤害；v.受伤e.g.Hegotseriousinjuriestothelegswhileworking.他工作时腿受重伤。hurtwoundinjureYou’llhurtherfeelingsifyouforgetherbirthday.Thesoldierwaswoundedinthearm.Hewasbadlyinjuredintheaccident.Lastnightaterriblestormhittheareaandmanypeoplewereinjured.MystomachhurtsbecauseIhaveeatentoomanyapples.5.bleedvi.&vt.流血e.g.1)Ifyoucutyourfinger,itwillbleed.如果你割破手指，它会流血。2)Myheartbleedsforthevictimsoftheaircrash.我为飞机失事的受害者感到悲痛。bloodn.血；血液Bloodisthickerthanwater.血浓于水。bleedfor为......流血(伤心)对......表示同情bleedtodeath流血而死6.chokevi.&vt.噎住；窒息Hechokedwhenhehadlunch.他午餐时噎住了。choketodeath哽死chokeback抑制；忍住（怒火，眼泪等）chokedown硬咽；费力地咽下chokeup呛住；哽住；堵塞7.swellvi.&vt.膨胀；隆起swollenadj.肿胀的Ashedrankmoreandmorebeer,hisstomachbegantoswell.由于他喝的啤酒越来越多，肚子开始鼓起来。8.unbearableadj.难以忍受的;不能容忍的Hedoesn’twanttolearnEnglish,whichisveryunbearable.他不想学英语，这一点不能容忍。bearableadj.可以忍受的；可以容忍的bearv.负担；容忍；忍受；生育n.熊bear…inmind=keepinmind=learnbyheart记住；背会9.squeezevi.&vt.榨;挤;压榨squeezeout榨出;挤出squeezeone’sway推开别人通过;勉强通过;挤过squeezesth.from\outof…从……榨取;向……勒索squeezesth.into…将某物挤成……Hewassofatthathecouldonlyjustsqueezethroughthedoor.他太胖了仅能挤过门。10.overandoveragain=overandover=againandagain=timeandagain反复；多次Theteacherdemandsthatthestudentsshouldreadthepassageoverandoveragain.老师要求学生应反复读课文。11.poisonvt.毒害；使中毒n.毒药，毒害poisongas毒气poisonpenletter匿名诽谤信poisonern.下毒人poisonousadj.有毒的poisoningn.中毒；毒害【小试】用poison的适当形式完成下列句子。1.Wastegasesare___________theairofourcities.2.Theleavesofcertaintressare___________tocattle.poisonouspoisoning1.Shegave_____(急救)tothechildwhenhewascutbyaknife.2.Hehasa___________(暂时的)house,forhecan’taffordaflat.3.Youshouldnot_______(生病)ifyoudoexercise.aidtemporaryfallill4.Shehasaserious_______(损伤)becauseshehasanaccident.5.Theydecidedto________(毒杀)thetigerbutfailed.injurypoisonlanguagepointsinreadingtext1.…itkeepsyouwarmorcool;itpreventsyourbodyfromlosingtoomuchwater;itiswhereyoufeelcold,heatorpainanditgivesyouyoursenseoftouch…皮肤能保暖或御寒，保持体内水分不过多流失，正是皮肤让你感到冷热和疼痛，皮肤还使你有触觉。senseoftouch触觉其他表示各种感觉的词还有:senseofsight视觉senseofhearing听觉senseoftaste味觉senseofsmell嗅觉senseofhumor幽默感senseofdirection方向感senseofurgency紧迫感2.Soasyoucanimagine,ifyourskingetsburned,itcanbeveryserious.该句是一个主从复合句，主句为：Soifyourskingetsburned,itcanbeveryserious；从句为：asyoucanimagine.as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容，有“正如……”或“就象……”的意思；它所引导的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。另外，该句的主句中还含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：Asyoucansee,iftheyarenotproperlyprotected,thefarmlandswillbecomedessertssoonerorlater.正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。3.Examplesincludemildsunburnandburnscausedbytouchingahotpan,stoveorironforamoment.(一度烫伤或烧伤的)例子包括轻微的晒伤，以及碰到热锅、炉子或烙铁而导致的烫（烧）伤。mild在这个句子中的意思是“轻微的、不严重的”。如：Edwardsufferedamildheartattack.爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。mild还可以表示“温和的、暖和的；味淡的”。如：She’sthemildestpersonIhaveevermetinmylife.她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了。4.Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessaryunlessitisstucktotheburn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。【点拨】a.本句的主句是祈使句Removeclothing；b.在主句中，usingscissors是动词-ing形式短语作方式状语；c.ifnecessary是个省略结构，其完整形式为_______________；d.unless引导条件状语从句。ifitisnecessary【仿写】________________________________________________________________________（除非有人反对，否则我们将立刻执行这个计划。）Unlesssomeoneisagainsttheplan,we’llputitintopracticeimmediately.stick1)sticksth.onsth.贴在……上Stickalabelonyoursuitcase.2)sticksth.tosth.粘住Stickthegluetomyfingers.3)sticksth.insth.陷在……里Stickthekeyinthemud.你还能再列举几个这样的单词吗？5.Coolburnsimmediatelywithcoolbutnoticywater.立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水。-y是个形容词后缀。如：windy有风hilly多小山的sleepy困倦的greeny呈绿色的spicy辛辣的woody树木茂密的6.Forseconddegreeburns,keepclothscoolbyputtingthembackinabasinofcoldwater,squeezingthemoutandplacingthemontheburnedareaoverandoveragainforaboutanhouruntilthepainisnotsobad.【点拨】a.本句的主干为______________；keepclothscoolb.句中有三个并列的动词-ing形式短语作状语：puttingthem...,squeezingthem...,placingthem...；c.until引导时间状语从句。【翻译】对于二级烧伤，要保持绷带布清凉。措施有：把它们放回到一盆冷水中、拧干后敷在烧伤处，如此反复一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。7.Holdthebandageinplacewithtape.用胶布把绷带固定。【观察】仔细观察inplace在下列句中的含义。1.Herroomisverycleanandtidy.Shealwaysputseverythinginplace.2.Ithinkwhatyousaidisnotinplace.Youshouldmakeanapologytohim.3.ThearrangementsfortheeveningpartythisSundayarenotinplace.【点拨】inplace是介词短语，意为“____________”（句1）；“适当的，合适的”（句2）；“准备妥当”（句3）。在适当的位置【小试】选用以上短语的适当形式完成下列句子。1.我希望你把自己所有的书都在课桌上放整齐。Ihopeyoucanputallyourbooks________onthedesk.inplace2.运动会已经准备就绪，后天就要举行了。Thearrangementsforthesportsmeetare__________anditisgoingto__________thedayaftertomorrow.inplacetakeplace与place相关的其他短语：outofplace位置不当；不适当inplaceof代替；顶替takeplace发生，进行takeone’splace/taketheplaceofsb.代替；替换8.Iftheinjuriesaresecondorthirddegreeburns,itisvitaltogetthevictimtothedoctororhospitalatonce.【点拨】a.本句是一个主从复合句；b.主句中