Unit-1-Never-Give-In

Unit1NeverGiveIn,Never,Never,NeverAimsandRequirements:Studentsarerequiredtounderstandthemainideaandstructureofthetext;tobefamiliarwiththecharacteristicsofpublicspeechTeachingimportantanddifficultpointsa.Thebackgroundofthesignificanteventsmentionedinthespeechb.LanguagecharacteristicsWarm-upI.Culturalbackground1.WorldWarII（1939to1945）involvedmostoftheworld’snationswhichformedtwoopposingmilitaryalliances,theAlliesandtheAxis.beganwiththeinvasionofPolandbyGermanyandSlovakia,andsubsequentdeclarationsofwaronGermanybyFranceandmostofthecountriesoftheBritishEmpireandCommonwealth.GlobalReadingI.StructuralanalysisThistextcanbedividedintothreeparts.PartI(Paragraph1):openingremarks(reviewedwhathadhappenedsincehislastvisittoHarrow.)PartII(Paragraphs2–5):Thebodyofthespeech(drewthelessonstobelearnedfromthepastyear.)PartIII(Paragraphs6–8):Theconcludingpart(changedawordintheverseoftheschoolsongtoinspirethespiritofthewholecountryandtofightforfinalvictory.)II.Rhetoricalfeaturesofthetextconstantrepetition,e.g.“Never,Never,Never”inthetitle,Pairsofantonyms:upsanddowns;short-long;triumph–disaster;great-small;etc.Practice:Findmoreexamplesofrepetitionandpairsofantonymsinthespeech.DetailedReadingI.Questions1.WhatwasthedifferencebetweenthepresentsituationandthesituationwhenChurchillcametoHarrowSchooltenmonthsago?(Paragraph1)Answer:Tenmonthsago,Britainwaspoorlyarmed,fightingalone,andfacedwithunmeasuredmenaceoftheenemy.Now,Britainwasnotthatpoorlyarmed,andthesituationwasimproving.2.WhatdidChurchillmeanbysaying“wemustlearntobeequallygoodatwhatisshortandsharpandwhatislongandtough”?(Paragraph2)Answer:Bysayingthishemeanttomakehisaudiencefullyawarethattheyshouldnotonlybeabletofightandwinshortandquickbattlesbutalsobereadytofightandwinhardandenduringwars.3.Whatlessonhadtheylearnt?(Paragraphs3–4)Answer:Thelessonlearntthroughoutthepasttenmonthswasthatoneshouldnotbedeceivedbyappearancesandshouldnevergiveintotheapparentlyoverwhelmingmightoftheenemy.Withacombinationofimaginationandcourage,theBritishpeoplecouldovercomeanykindofdifficultiesandsmashanyattackoftheenemy.4.WhydidChurchillreplacetheworddarkerwithsterner?(Paragraphs7–8)Answer:Becausehehadastrongconvictionofvictory.Theworddarkercarriesapessimistictone,foritusuallyindicates“aperiodofunpleasantandfrighteningtime”andimplieshopelessnessinadifficultperiod.Butthewordsterner,althoughithastheidenticalreferent,suggestsatimethatistesting,buttestinginawaythatofferstheBritishtheopportunitytodisplaytheircouragetothefull.ClassActivityGroupdiscussions:TopicA:HowdoesthespeakerChurchillimpressyouinthespeech?DoesitcontributetoyourunderstandingoftheWWII?TopicB:HaveyoulearnedanythingfromChurchill’sorationaboutmakingapowerfulspeech?II.WordsandexpressionsPart1:Paragraph1atyourHeadMaster’skindinvitationat:inresponsetoCollocation:atone’sinvitation/request/suggestion,etc.e.g.Ameetingwasarrangedattheambassador’srequest.Atmysuggestion,Mrs.Careywrotetoherformeremployer.Translation:应胡锦涛主席之邀，美国总统将对中国进行国事访问。Answer:AttheinvitationofPresidentHuJintao,PresidentoftheUnitedStateswillpayastatevisittoChina.catastrophic:a.involvingorcausingsuddengreatdamageorsufferingSynonym:disastrousCollocation:catastrophicfloods/losses/effects/resultsDerivation:catastrophen.upsanddowns:amixtureofgoodthingsandbadthingse.g.Sittingbesidethewindow,herecalledtheupsanddownsofhisparenthood.Translation:从1999年建立以来，公司历经盛衰浮沉。Answer:Theorganizationhasexperienceditsupsanddownssinceitwasfoundedin1999.position:situationataparticulartimeSynonym:situatione.g.Itistimethosecompaniesrevealedmoreabouttheirfinancialposition.Theirsoccerteamisgoingtobeinaverydifficultpositionifnothingparticularshowsup.Part2:Paragraphs2-5throwingourmindsbacktoourmeetingheretenmonthsago:recollectingourmeetingatHarrowSchooltenmonthsagoe.g.Pleasethrowyourmindbackto1945,whenpeopleallovertheworldwereengagedinagreatwaragainsttheFascists.meetwith:experience;undergoe.g.Attemptstofindcivilianvolunteershavemetwithembarrassingfailure.EffortstoputtheRussianspaceprogrammeintomarkethavemetwithlittlesuccess.Shewasworriedthathemighthavemetwithanaccident....imaginationmakesthingsoutfarworse...:...whatoneimaginestendstobeworsethanreality...makeout:seeorunderstande.g.Howdoyoumakethatout(=whatareyourreasonsforthinkingthat)?[+wh-]Ican’tmakeoutwhatshewants.Paraphrase:Ican’tmakeouthowtoputitback.Answer:Idon’tknow/understandhowtoputitback.far-reaching:a.havingimportantandwidelyapplicableeffectsorimplicationsCollocation:far-reachingconsequences/implications/changes/reformse.g.Theconsequencesofthedecisionwillbefar-reaching.Theydecidedtocarryonfar-reachingconstitutionalreforms.conviction:n.astrongopinionorbeliefCollocation:political/moralconvictionse.g.Shewasmotivatedbydeepreligiousconvictions.Infaceofdifficulty,heheldaconvictionthatallwouldbewellintheend.[U]thefeelingorappearanceofbelievingsth.stronglyorofbeingsureaboutite.g.Hesaidheagreedbuthisvoicelackedconviction.Theleader’sspeechindefenseofthepolicydidn’tcarrymuchconviction.yield:v.yield(tosth./sb.):(formalorliterary)giveupcontrol(of)Synonym:surrendere.g.Af