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（2011届）题目模糊限制语视角下的女性话语特征分析学院外国语学院专业英语班级英语071学号200736635122学生姓名夏菁菁指导教师周红完成日期2011.5.18教务处制二o一一年五月十八日AnalysisofCharacteristicsofFemaleUtterancefromtheProspectiveofHedgesAThesisSubmittedinPartialFulfilmentoftheRequirementfortheB.A.DegreeinEnglishLanguageandLiteratureByXiaJing-jingSupervisor:ZhouHongAcademicTitle:ProfessorCollegeofForeignLanguagesJiaxingUniversity,ZhejiangProvince,P.R.C.May18,2011诚信声明我声明，所呈交的论文(设计)是本人在老师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。据我查证，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，论文(设计)中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含为获得＿＿＿＿＿＿或其他教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。我承诺，论文(设计)中的所有内容均真实、可信。论文(设计)作者签名：签名日期：年月日授权声明学校有权保留送交论文（设计）的原件，允许论文（设计）被查阅和借阅，学校可以公布论文（设计）的全部或部分内容，可以影印、缩印或其他复制手段保存论文（设计），学校必须严格按照授权对论文(设计)进行处理，不得超越授权对论文（设计）进行任意处置。论文(设计)作者签名：签名日期：年月日嘉兴学院本科生毕业论文（设计）I摘要作为模糊语言家族的一个组成部分，模糊限制语是其中最普遍、最典型的、最具研究价值的语言现象。研究表明，与男性相比，女性更倾向于高频率地使用模糊限制语，因此，模糊限制语已成为女性话语的一个重要特征。本文首先以2009年，2010年奥斯卡奖项以及2010年MTV这三场国际性影视颁奖典礼上女性获奖感言为语料，着重分析获奖感言中女性使用模糊限制语的原因：生理因素，心理因素，言语话题需要，工作性质，探究模糊限制语在女性话语中的语用功能，合理地使用模糊限制语可以使得会话更加精确，同时展示说话人的礼貌，保护自我，展示自我，使读者了解到模糊限制语在女性话语中发挥着不可忽视的意义。关键词：模糊限制语;女性话语;原因;语用功能嘉兴学院本科生毕业论文（设计）IIAbstractAsapartofthefuzzylanguage,hedgesarethemostcommon,typical,andofmostworthyresearchinginallofthelanguagephenomena.Itshowsthatfemale,comparedwithmale,tendtomakeuseofhedgesfrequently.Therefore,hedgeshavebecomeadistinguishingfeatureinthefemaleutterance.Basedonthefemales’speechonseveralawardpresentationceremoniesofinternationalfilmandtelevisioncircles,thisthesisemphaticallylooksintothefactorsofhedgesinthefemaleutterance,namelyphysiologicalfactor,psychologicalfactor,thefactorofutterancetopic,andthefactorofworkingenvironment,analyzesthepragmaticfunctionsofhedgesinthefemaleutterance.Theappropriateuseofhedgeinfemaleutteranceisabletoachievetherelativeprecisionofcommunication,showcourtesy,protectherselfandpresentherself,whichmakesreadersawareofthehedges’greaterinfluenceinthefemaleutterance.KeyWords:hedges;femaleutterance;factors;pragmaticfunctions嘉兴学院本科生毕业论文（设计）IIIContents1.Introduction……………………………………………………………………....12.Hedges…………………………………………………………………………….22.1TheDefinitionofHedges………………………………………………………22.2TheClassificationofHedges……………………………………………...........22.3TheStructureofHedges………………………………………………………...33.AnalysisofMaterial……………………………………………………………....44.TheFactorsforHedgesUsedFrequentlyinFemaleUtterance………………..54.1PhysiologicalFactor…………………………………………………………….64.2PsychologicalFactor………………………………………………………........64.3TheFactorofUtteranceTopic……………………………………………….…74.4TheFactorofWorkingEnvironment……………………………………………85.ThePragmaticFunctionsofHedges……………………………………………...95.1TheRelativePrecisionofCommunication……………………………………..95.2ShowingCourtesy……………………………………………………………..105.3Self-protection&Self-presenting………………………………………..……116.Conclusion………………………………………………………………………...12Bibliography………………………………………………………………………...13Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………14嘉兴学院本科生毕业论文（设计）11IntroductionL.A.Zadeh,acyberneticsexpertoftheUniversityofCaliforniaintheUnitedStatesin1965,publishedathesisFuzzySetsonthemagazineofInformationandControlinproposingthefamousfuzzytheory,whichwasofepoch-makingsignificanceofthescienceage.In1972,anAmericanlinguist,G.Lakoff,announcedathesisnamedHedges:astudyinmeaningcriteriaandthelogicoffuzzyconcepts.ItisthefirsttimetobringaboutthetermHedgesanddefiniteit“wordswhosejobistomakethingsfuzzierorlessfuzzy”.In1975,Lakoffpointedoutthatsomelanguagecharactersappearmorefrequentlyinfemaleutterancethaninmale’s.Thenhecalledthislanguagephenomenonwomen’slanguageorfeatures.Infact,hedgesareoneofthedistinctcharactersamongthewomen’slanguageorfeatures.ProfessorWuTiepinlaunchedapaperFirstExplorationofVagueLanguageontheforthissueForeignLanguage,markingthebeginningofvaguelanguageinChina.Sinceanumberoflanguagelinguistshaveengagedinthestudy,vaguelanguagehasbecomeanemergingandfrontierscience.Withthedevelopmentoffuzzylinguisticsathomeandabroad,hedgesarealsosteppingintoanewstagebothintheoryandinapplication.However,althoughmanyChineselinguistsdoalotworkofthehedgesappliances,hedgesinfemaleutterancecharactersareshortageofformationofin-depthandsystematicresearch.Intheseyears,lotsoflinguisticsaretiedupwithfemalefromtheaspectofhedges.ShuiMiao(2008)analyzedthefunctionsofexactness,interpersonalrelationship,flexibilityandmisconceptionofgenderdifferencesonhedges,andalsodiscussedthereasonsofhedgesinfemaleutterance.Butshefailedtoconnectthepracticalmaterialswithhedges.ZhangXiaohui(2009)owesthischaractertowomen’lowsocietystatus,whichappearstobefarmorethantoexplainthisphenomenoncompletely.TakingtheexampleofPrideandPrejudice,WangPengandSunFeiran(2009)discussedthepragmaticfunctionsandreasonsofhedgesinfemaleutteranceandstatedthathedgeshaveinterpersonalcoordination,dissemblanceandprotectionaswellasrefinementandcourtesyfunctions.Itseemslackinginenoughevidenceforwomenfrequentuseofhedgeinpractice.Ifwewanttosearchintotheuseofhedgesinfemaleutterance,thebestmethodistocombinethetheorywithoralpractice.2.Hedges嘉兴学院本科生毕业论文（设计）22.1ThedefinitionofhedgesAsforthedefinitionofhedges,differentlanguagelinguistshavedifferentexplanations.Theterm,hedges,wasfirst