英语量词汇总

1、一群一群人acrowd／group／multitude／throng／army／team／classofpeople；agang／swarm／horde／pack／bandofpeople（inaderogatoryway）troop通常指聚在一起活动的、生气勃勃的一群人。如：atroopofdemonstrators／shoppers／visitorsbevy特指女性的“一群”，有时指鸟类，尤指鹌鹑或云雀。如：abevyofactresses／youngwomen／ladies／shopgirls／quails表贬义的“一群”有：amobofangrypeople／rioters／slaves／liars／blackguardshorde原意为游牧部落，通常含有轻蔑色彩：ahordeoflazy-bones／swindlers／locusts／hooligansband；gang常指“帮”：abandofrobbers／gangsters／thieves／outlawsagangofcriminals／slaves／prisoners一群牛、象、马、天鹅aherdofcattle／elephants／horses／swans一群鸟aflockofbirds／geese／hens／goats／swallows／sheep／chickens一群猎狗apackofhounds／wolves／grouse一群狐狸askulkoffoxes一群狮子aprideoflions一群星星aclusterofstars一群鱼aschool／shoaloffish／shrimps一群马astud／droveofhorses一群鹅agaggle／flockofgeese一群蚊子／蝴蝶aswarmofmosquitoes／butterflies一群（窝）蚂蚁acolonyofants／bees一群建筑物aclump／complexofbuildings2、一丝／点／层／片一片草皮achunkofturf一丝睡意awinkofsleep一丝怀疑ashadowofdoubt一点点工作astrokeofwork一线未来之光aglimpseoffuture一缕月光astreakofmoonlight／amber（fig）一丝绿意；一片绿色atintofgreen一片心意asmalltokenofourhearts一丝嫉妒；一阵窘迫aslighttwingeofjealousy／embarrassment一丝恻隐之心asignofsympathyfor...一丝懊悔aslighttwingeofremorse一层霜／雪／糖霜alayeroffrost／snow／cream一丝失望的眼神aflickerofdisappointment（剩下）一口气／一丝气aspark／breathoflife一丝失望的情绪ataint／faintofdisappointment一片漆黑completelydark；dismalnight；pitchdark一片汪洋afloodofwater3、英译“一阵”，颇有学问，且看以下译例（突然爆发出的）一阵哭泣／喝彩／炮击／雷声aburstoftears／cheers／gunfire／thunder（量如洪水的）一阵泪雨／瓢泼大雨／夸夸其谈afloodoftears／rain／boasts少量或稀疏的一阵（小）雨／射击aspatterofrain／bullets一阵稀疏的掌声／喝彩aspatterofapplause／cheers声响很大的一阵隆隆的炮声／雷声apealofartillery／thunder突然而猛烈的一阵暴雨／狂风／烈火agust／blastofrain／wind／flame持续短暂的一阵怒气／激情／咳嗽afitofanger／passion／coughing一阵呕吐avomitingfit持续一段时间的一阵厄运／暑热aspellofbadluck／summerheat一阵寒潮acoldspellofweather一阵昏厥afaintingspell（针捻刀刺般的）一阵内疚／牙痛／风湿痛atwingeofremorse／toothache／rheumatism一阵尴尬atwingeofembarrassment（抽搐或颤抖的）一阵痛苦／伤心／咳嗽／激动aspasmofpain／grief／coughing／excitement雹打雨淋般的一阵轰炸／打击／咒骂ahailofbombs／blows／curse一阵弹雨／批评ashowerofbullets／criticism更多的例子一阵欢乐anagonyofjoy一阵子爱意aflushoflove一点点工作astrokeofwork一阵心脏病发作astrokeofheartattack一点点满足acrumbofsatisfaction一种混乱的政治局面achaosofpolitics4、“一阵”为何有这么多不同的译法其实原因很简单，汉语“一阵”这个数量词不含修辞色彩，可用于各类描述；而在英语中，“一阵”这个概念则是由许多不同的名词来表述的，而且这些词一般分别具有不同的修辞色彩。如：spatter“少量”，“稀疏”之义；peal专指一阵响亮或轰鸣的声音；twinge特指肉体或心灵上的一阵剧烈的刺痛；burst泛指突然爆发出的一阵，有突如其来之感；hail和shower的比喻色彩也很浓，有雹打雨淋之感；spell常用于描述天气、疾病等，表持续一阵子；flood一词比喻色彩浓厚，给人以量如洪水，滔滔不绝之感；gust则专指风、雨、雹、火、烟等的突然而猛烈的一阵。也可用喻感情的猛烈进发；fit常指持续时间短暂的一阵——尤指疾病的短暂发作或感情的短暂进发；spasm原指痉挛，抽搐，用于动作、感情的一阵突发时，表抽搐或浑身颤抖之感。由此可见，英译“一阵”，宜细心推敲，酌情翻译。5、其他类似的汉译英所用的修辞性的用法a）暗喻Metaphor一串香蕉ahandofbananas颗颗汗珠beadsofsweat一长串汽车astringofcars很大的朋友圈alargecircleoffriendsb）借代Metonymy一串珍珠aropeofpearls一炉钢aheatofsteel一年三熟threecropsayear一大群飞机acloudofplanes林立的烟囱aforestofchimneys一片沙滩abeachofsandsc）夸张Hyperbole多如牛毛的问题aseaoftroubles一大笔钱apileofmoney勃然大怒awaveofanger开怀大笑galesoflaughter无数次heapsoftimes小不点adotofchild一小撮敌人apinchofenemy滔滔不绝的话语afloodofwords6、英语常用单位词及汉语对应词（Commonly-usedunitnounsandtheirChineseequivalents）piece块；片；段；项；件；篇；首；幅；张apieceofbread／paper／wood／furniture／land／advice／news／meat／cloth／music...bit一点；一些；一片abitofwater／wood／grass／trouble...item条；则；项anitemofnews／information／business／programme...article件；项；条anarticleoffurniture／clothing／luggage／export...grain粒；颗agrainofricce／wheat／salt／sand...drop滴adropofwater／oil／rain／blood／dew...slice薄片asliceofmeat／bread／cake／ham...cake块acakeofsoap／mud／ice...bar块；条abarofchocolate／candy／soap...ear穗anearofcorn／rice／wheat／millet...loaf块；条aloafofbread...lump块；团alumpofclay／sugar／earth...spiral盘aspiralofmosquitoincense...card板acardofbuttonspack副；盒apackofcards／cigarettesfistful（s）一把afistfulofsand／rice...handful（s）一把ahandfulofsoil...armful（s）一抱anarmfulofflowers...cupful（s）一杯fourcupfulsofjam...mouthful（s）一口amouthfulofsnow／whys...spoonful（s）一汤匙aspoonfulofsugar...spadeful（s）一铲aspadefulofcoal...bagful（s）一袋abagfulofletters...但aneyefulof…的意思是“对……大饱眼福”truckload一货车atruckloadofapples...shipload一船ashiploadofTVsets...lorryload一卡车alorryloadofiron...fit一阵子afitofcoughing／fever／laughter／anger／...ray一线arayofhope／intelligence／sunlight…peal一阵apealofthunder／laughter／applause...flash闪现一下aflashofhope／lightening／wit...display炫耀一下adisplayofpower／courage／force／learning／skill...attack一疾病的发作anattackoffever／malariagroup组；群；批agroupofstudents...team队：组ateamofexperts／footballers／scientists...gang帮；伙；群；队；组agangoffour／thieves／robbers...army大群；队anarmyofbeggars／ants／bees...troop群；伙atroopofsoldiers...host大群ahostoffriends／heroes...pack群；伙apackofliars／thieves／rascals／hounds...band帮；伙abandofmusic（players）／brigands...choir队；组；群achoirofsingers...bunch串；束；挂；群；帮；伙abunchofbananas／fools／flowers／keys／thieves．bouquet束；把bouquetofflowersstring串；挂；节astringofbeads／pearls／words／threadsheafp1．sheaves捆；束asheafofwheat／arrows／paperscrew帮；伙；全体acrewofsailors／pilotsparty组；伙；批apartyofguests／children...batch批abatchofletters／telegrams／visitors...gaggle群agaggleofgeese／girls...litter一窝alitterofkittens／littlepiglets／puppies...herd群aherdofelephants／deer／cattle...sswarm群aswarmofants／locusts／bees／people／stars...cluster串；束；群；组aclusterofflowers／grapes／bees／islands／stars...aclusterofbutterflies／grapes