EEC初中英语不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词用法讲析

初中英语冠词的分类和用法讲解及冠词练习一．不定冠词的用法冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（theDefiniteArticle），另一种是不定冠词（theIndefiniteArticle），还有一种是零冠词（ZeroArticle）。不定冠词a（an）与数词one同源，是“一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。1）表示“一个”，意为one；指某人或某物，意为acertain。AMr.Lingiswaitingforyou.2）代表一类人或物。Aknifeisatoolforcuttingwith.Mr.Smithisanengineer.3）词组或成语。alittle/afew/alot/atypeof/apile/agreatmany/manya/asarule/inahurry/inaminute/inaword/inashortwhile/afterawhile/haveacold/haveatry/keepaneyeon/allofasudden二．定冠词的用法定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“那（这）个”的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。1）特指双方都明白的人或物：Takethemedicine.把药吃了。2）上文提到过的人或事：Heboughtahouse.I’vebeentothehouse.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。3）指世上独一物二的事物：thesun，thesky，themoon，theearth4）单数名词连用表示一类事物：如：thedollar美元；thefox狐狸；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：therich富人；theliving生者。5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面：Wheredoyoulive？Iliveonthesecondfloor.你住在哪？我住在二层。That’stheverythingI’vebeenlookingfor.那正是我要找的东西。6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：Theyaretheteachersofthisschool.指全体教师）Theyareteachersofthisschool.（指部分教师）7）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：Shecaughtmebythearm……她抓住了我的手臂。8）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：thePeople’sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国theUnitedStates美国9）用在表示乐器的名词之前：Sheplaysthepiano.她会弹钢琴。10）用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：theGreens格林一家人（或格林夫妇）11）用在惯用语中：intheday，inthemorning（afternoon，evening），thedayaftertomorrowthedaybeforeyesterday，thenextmorning，inthesky（water，field，country）inthedark，intherain，inthedistance，inthemiddle（of），intheend，onthewhole，bytheway，gotothetheatre三．零冠词的用法1）国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England，Mary；2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词；Theyareteachers.他们是教师。3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败乃成功之母。4）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词；Mancannotlivewithoutwater.人离开水就无法生存。5）在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.我们从星期一到星期五都上课。6）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词；TheguardstooktheAmericantoGeneralLee.士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。7）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词；如：havebreakfast，playchess8）当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词；Ican’twritewithoutpenorpencil.没有钢笔和铅笔，我就写不了字。9）当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；bybus，bytrain；10）有些个体名词不用冠词；如：school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义；gotohospital去医院看病gotothehospital去医院（并不是去看病，而是有其他目的）11）不用冠词的序数词；a.序数词前有物主代词b.序数词作副词：Hecamefirstintherace.c.在固定词组中：at（the）first，firstofall，fromfirsttolast冠词练习一()1.Thereis________“M”and________“Y”intheword“my”.A.an,aB.a,anC.an,an()2.________Englishis________difficultsubjectformostof________students.A./,a,theB.The,a,theC.The,the,the()3.I’mgoingtolearn________secondlanguagein_________secondgrade.A.a,aB.the,/C.a,the()4.Mysisterwasillin________bed,andmymotherwassittingon________bedbyher.A./,theB./,/C.the,the()5.Wehave_____lunchatschoolonweekdaysandweenjoy______lunchverymuch.A./,theB./,/C.a,/()6.Wecan’tsee________sunat________night.Butwecanseethemoonandthestars.A.the,theB.the,/C.a,/()7.Mybrotherlikesplaying________footballverymuch,buthedoesn’tlike________footballIboughthimforhisbirthday.A.the,theB./,theC.the,/()8.________teacherand________writerisstillinourschool.A.The,theB.A,aC.The,/()9.Jimwasmade________ofClassThree.A.monitorB.amonitorC.themonitor()10.Fromthenon________beganlookingforwaystogointo________.A.man,spaceB.theman,spaceC.man,thespace()11.Morecollegestudentswouldliketoworkin________westpartofourcountry________nextyear.A.the,theB./,/C.the,/()12.Thereis________oldmanstandingthere.________oldmanlooksworried.A.an,AnB.an,TheC.the,The()13.Thefootballplayersfrom________USAlivein_________RoomNine.A.the,/B./,theC.an,/()14.We’reinvitedtohave________supperwith________Whitestomorrow.A.the,theB./,theC.the,/()15.LastyearmycousinMarywas________universitystudentof________physics.A.a,theB.an,theC.a,/()16.There’remanypoorpeoplein________world.Ithink_________richmusthelp________poor.A.the,the,theB.the,a,aC./,the,the()17.Tom,doyouknow________girlin________blue?A.the,theB.the,/C.a,/()18.LessonOneis________verydifficultlesson,butitisnot________mostdifficultoneinBookOne.A.a,theB.the,theC.a,a()19.---IsCanada________English-speakingcountry?---Yes.AndCanadiansspeak________French,too.A.a,/B.an,/C.a,the()20.________YellowRiveris________secondlongestriverinChina.A.The,/B./,theC.The,theKey:1-5:AACAA6-10:BBCAA11-15:CBABC16-20:ABABC冠词练习二()1.Thereisn’t________rivernearwhereIlive.________nearestriveris500kilometersaway.A.a,TheB.an,AC.the,A()2.________oldladywithwhitehairspoke________Englishwellat________meeting.A.An,an,aB.The,/,anC.The,/,the()3.---Willyougetthereby________train?----No,I’lltake________taxi.A./,aB.a,theC./,/()4.---Is________English-Chinesedictionaryonthedeskyours?---No,Idon’thave________English-Chinesedictionary.A./,aB.a,theC.the,an()5.----Mybrotherisplaying_____basketballwhilemysisterisplaying______piano.A./,/B.the,theC./,the()6.Mygrandparentsoftenstayat________homeat________weekends.A./,theB./,/C.the,the()7.---Whatwouldyoulikefor________breakfast,Mr.Fang?---Threepiecesofbreadwith________cupofblacktea,please.A.a,aB./,theC./,a()8.DavidSmith,________ofRussianatTsinghuaUniversity,saidthathewasoneoftheyoungestwinnersoftheprize.A.professorB.aprofessorC.theprofes