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7 220096JournalofChinaInstituteofWaterResourcesandHydropowerResearchVol.7 No.2June,2009:2009-04-10:(200701041):(1966-),,,,。E-mail:chengx@iwhr.com:1672-3031(2009)02-0120-06、陈改新(, 100038):,。、、4,,、、,。:;;;:TV431:A1 、、、、、。,。2030—40,、、,,。,[1]。1987,。,25.3,20,40~50[2]。,,。,,、、、。,“”、“”、“(、)”、,、。2080。1992,,、、,2008,72。20001,279〈〉:“,”,7146“”。、,,,。,。—280—DOI:10.13244/j.cnki.jiwhr.2009.02.0102001,20065。,,,。2 、、。、、()。、。、、;()()()、、、。,4:(1):(、、、),(、、),;(2):,(、),();(3):(),(、),(、、、),(、),(pH≤4、);(4):,。,,、、,,、、、。,、、,,;,。。1945,Powers,Helmuth;1975,Fagerlund,[3]。,,、,,、(,),。、,。、,,,。[4],。,。,。,Fick,。,、、,,,,。,、,—281—、 ,(、、),;,“”,,、、。,“”,[5]。,,。,“deem-to-safety”,“”。“”[6]。“deem-to-safety”、。3 2050(、)。1962,“”、、。60,。90,。2000279《》。:SL211-2006;JTJ275-2000;CCES01-2004;[2005]157;JTGTB07-01-2006;GBT;SL**-**();DL**-**()10,“”,“,”。(1),、、、、,、、。393m3,22400MW,846.8kW·h,183m,2700m3。1993,,“500”。“”1997“”,,。,,,,Ⅰ,,,,F250。,,≤0.5%≤2.5kgm3,[7]。7℃,≤12℃~14℃。1994,2000P.MehtaMonolithFoundation:Builttolasta“1000Years”[8]。(2)“”1180,4000m965km,550km。,-2℃~-6℃,—282—、 25℃,-45℃。,,180d,,。,。,:≤0.4,0.6~0.9,≤1000,10%~15%,、、、、、、[9]。(3)36km,32km。、,。250m3,100。:,(42.5P.Ⅱ+55%~70%)(≤0.4),(≤1.5×10-12~3.5×10-12m2s);(90mm,60mm);,(、、、),[10]。(4),1267km,154km,、、、700,,1000、、、、。、、,,。,《》,(、、、)、(、)、、、[11]。4 “---”。、、、。“”“”,,。(1)P.Mehta,“”[12],1。1 —283—、 、、,,;,(),;,、、,、,,。,、,,。,-,、、,(、、、、、),。,,,。,、、、,。:,、。(2)“”(Life-cycleassessmentofconcrete,LCA)、、、。LCA,、、、、、[13]。LCA(Life-cycleimpactassessment,LCIA)(Wholelifecosting,WLC)。LCA,。LCA,,,。LCA,、()、,LCA,[14]。5 、,。,,。、。,。,(),()。“deem-to-safety”。“”。,20,,“”,“,”。“”“”、,,。,。—284—、 :[1] :P.-C.Aïtcin.Cementsofyesterdayandtoday:Concreteoftomorrow[J].CementandConcreteResearch,2000(9):[2] .[J].,2006(4).[3] ,.[M].:,2004.[4] .[C].,2000.[5] .[C]().:,2006.[6] ,.[M].:,2004.[7] ,.[C].,2000.[8] MehtaP,LangleyS.MonolithFoundation:Builttolasta“1000Years”,ConcreteInternational,2000(7).[9] ,,,.[C].:,2004.[10] ,,.[C].,2007.[11] ,[S].2004.[12] .[C].,2002.[13] ConcreteSociety'sMaterialsGroup.Life-cycleassessmentanalysisofconcrete[J].Concrete,2004(3).[14] PhilipNixon,KeithQuillin,GeorgeSomerville.Sustainableconcreteconstruction[J].Concrete,2004(3).ApplicationanddevelopmenttendencyofconcretedurabilityresearchCHENGai-xin(Dept.ofStructuresandMaterials,IWHR,Beijing 100038,China)Abstract:Realizationofhighdurabilityandlonglifeofconcreteprojectsisabeneficialmeasureforenergy-savingandemission-reducing.Ithasbecomeacommonunderstandingthatconcretedurabilityisoneofthekeypointsforfuturedevelopmentofconcretetechnologies.Inthispaper,thecurrentresearchsituation,achievementsandapplicationofconcretedurabilityarepresentedin4aspects:reinforcementcorrosion,freezingandthawing,corrosionbyambientwaterandsalts,andalkali-aggregatereaction.Theresearchresultshavebeenappliedinmanygiantprojects,suchasThreeGorgesProject,Qinghai-Tibet-railway,HangzhouBayCross-seaBridgeandtheMid-routeProjectofWaterTransferfromSouth-to-north,etc.Theauthordiscussesresearchworksonintegratedtheoreticalmodelsofconcretedurabilityandlifecycleassessmentforconcretestructures.Keywords:concrete;durability;quantitativeanalysis;predictionmodel(:)—285—、
本文标题:混凝土耐久性的研究-应用和发展趋势-陈改新
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