手表基础知识--中英文对照

Component/WatchTerm手表/零部件术语Description描述CaseThecaseisthebodythathousesthewatchmovement.Itsusuallymadeupofthreeparts:middle,bezel,andback.Casescomeinavarietyofshapesandsizes.Astrap,banglearm,braceletorchain(onpendantorpocketwatches)isusually-1-表壳attachedtothecase.表壳功能∶用来安置机芯。一般有3部分组成：表玻璃，表圈与表底盖。表壳有各种各样的形状和尺寸。表壳上配有表带，手镯式，手链式，或链形腕带。（怀表上通常配有垂饰）BasicCaseShapes基本表壳形状1)Rectangle长方形2)East-Westrectangle两边矩形3)Tank-ArectangularwatchdesignedbyLouisCartier.水槽形4)Square方形5)Oval卵圆形6)East-westoval两边卵圆形7)Tonneau-shapedlikeabarrelwith2convexsides.酒桶形8)Tonneaucaseisusedtodescribeatypeofwatchcase,withrounded,bulgingsidesresemblingabarrel(orcask).酒桶表壳9)Cushion垫子形10)Round圆形11)Heart心形12)Flower花形RoundRectangularOvalOvaleast-westTonneauTonneauCombinationUnusual(letter)Bezel表圈TheBezelisthecomponentonthecaseencirclingthedial.Itcanbeaseparatepieceormadeaspartofthecase(lessexpensive).Ifthereisabezelonthewatchpleasespecifywhetheritisfixedorrotating(canbeturned).Iftherearestonesonthebezelpleasedetailwhethersettingisglued(onalloy)orprongset(brassjewelrywatches).Iftherearebezelmarkerspleasedetailifinkfilledonproductionsheets.表圈是表壳的组成部分，环绕表面。它可以做成和表壳分开的或和表壳是一体的（一体的便宜点）.如果表壳上有表圈请注明是固定的还是可旋转的。如果表圈上有钻，请注明是胶粘钻（合金上用）或定型镶钻（黄铜珠宝表）。如果表圈上有时标请在生产单上详述是否是油压时标。Crystalsand/orfauxcrystalsonbezel,case,dial表镜和，表圈，表壳，表面上的水晶/或人造水晶WeusuallyuseeitherChinacrystalsorCzechcrystals.Chinacrystalsarelessexpensiveandshouldbeusedwhencolorisavailable.NeveruseChinacrystalsifclearcolor.TheclearChinacrystalsareveryyellow.ItisbettertouseCzechcrystalsforclearcolor.Wecanalsoconsiderusingplasticchipsonchildren’swatchesifqtyishighenough.我们常用的表镜来自中国水晶或捷克水晶。中国的表水晶/玻璃比较便宜，如果有我们需要的颜色一定要用中国制造的。但是记住不要用中国的透明表玻璃。中国的透明玻璃比较发黄。最好用捷克透明玻璃。当订单的数量够大时童装表可以考虑用塑料芯片表镜。Lugs表耳Lugsaretheprojections/extensionsoneithersideofthecasetowhichthestraporbraceletisattachedbypins/springbarstothecase.表耳是突出于表壳两侧的用来固定表带的部分，通常将表带用插脚或伸缩性生耳固定于表耳上。CaseBack表底盖Theplateonthebackofawatchwhereyoucanaccessthebattery.Onouranalogwatches,weuseeitherpolishedcasebackswithetchedmarkingsorunpolishedwithstampedmarkings.Forlicensedandbetterwatches,wenormallyusepolishedetchedcasebackmarkings.从表底盖夹板处可以看到电池。我们的指针式电子手表底盖采用抛光蚀刻标记或无抛光冲压标记。有牌子的或比较好的手表上我们通常采用抛光蚀刻标记。Watchcasesaredesignedmanydifferentways.Cheaperandvintagewatcheswillusuallyhaveasnapback.Thisisawatchwherethebackisheldinplacebypressingitonuntilitsnapsintoplace.Thisoffersthemovementlittletonoprotectionfromoutsidecontaminants.Ascrewbackisabackwithfinelycutthreads.Itthenisscrewedintothewatchcase.Itusuallyhasagasketringthatalsohelpstosealoutdust,dirtandwater.有很多不同的方式设计表壳。比较便宜的和旧款的表常用压入式底盖，底盖压下去后听到“啪”的一声底盖就装好了。这种底盖对机芯外面的污染没有阻挡功能。旋入式底盖，表壳后盖有很细的螺纹，可以旋转安装在表壳上，通常有防水胶圈。螺纹锁紧表壳以确保其防尘，防污和防水。Onouranalogwatches,pleaseindicatethepositionofthelipwithanarrowpointingtoit.Thisisthegrovewheretheusercaninsertatooltoopenthecaseback.在指针式电子手表的底盖唇上请做箭头标注开表口，用于让使用者可以在此处用工具打开底盖。Crystal表镜Thecrystalorlensisthetransparentglassorplasticcoverprotectingthedialor“face”ofthewatch,hands,and/ordigitaldisplay.Itprotectsthedialandmovementfromdustandmoisture.表镜/表玻璃的材料是透明玻璃或塑胶的，用于保护表面，指针和/或数字显示。它可以保护表面和机芯防尘，防潮。Crystals&LensesonWatches表镜上的水晶和镜片Awatchcrystalisatransparentcoverthatprotectsthewatchface.Watchcrystalsareavailableinplastic,Mineral,Sapphireandvarioussyntheticmaterials.表镜是透明的，用于保护表面。表镜的材料有塑料，矿石，蓝宝石，和一些不同的合成物Notethat,coincidently,thewordcrystalisalsousedtodenotethetinypieceofquartzthatservesasanoscillatorinaquartzwatch.Thesetwotypesofcrystalshavenothingtodowitheachother.InQuartzWatchesthetermquartzcrystalisusedtopreventconfusion.注：很是巧合，水晶一词也用于石英表上表明震荡器的石英。这两种水晶是完全不同的东西。石英表上通常用“石英水晶”来区分表镜水晶。-2-TypesofCrystals水晶的种类MaterialComposition水晶材料的合成物Crystalscanbemadeofanyofthreematerials:水晶可以有以下3种材料的任一种。1-Plexi-glass(aclear,lightweighttypeofplastic).有机玻璃（透明，重量轻的塑料）Plexi-glass,asyouwouldexpect,istheleastexpensive.Itisalsotheleastlikelytoshatterandthemostlikelytobecomescratched.Mineralglass,eventhoughithasbeenhardenedbyatemperingprocess,ismorelikelytobreakthanPlexi-glass.Butitisalsomorescratch-resistantthanthatmaterial.Syntheticsapphireisthemostexpensiveglasscrystalmaterialandthemostscratchresistant.Becauseitissohard,itisalsobrittle,andshattersmoreeasilythanmineralglassorPlexi-glass.有机玻璃，如我们所愿，是最便宜的，也最不容易打碎，但也是最容易刮伤的。矿物玻璃，尽管是经过高温形成使之加硬，但还是比有机玻璃易碎，不过比有机玻璃耐刮。合成的蓝宝石是表镜材料里最贵的，也是最抗刮伤的，因为它非常坚硬，但是比矿物玻璃和有机玻璃易碎。2-Ordinaryglass-likethatusedforwindows,andusuallyreferredtointhewatchbusinessasmineralglass.Mineralcrystalsofferupagoodcombinationofclarity,strengthandresistancetoscratching.Sapphirecrystalisaveryhardtransparentmaterialcommonlyusedforscratch-proofwatchglass.普通玻璃--如用于窗口上的玻璃，通常在表界被称为矿物玻璃。矿物水晶的透明度非常好，抗划伤力强。蓝宝石水晶材料透明，质地很硬，一般用于防划scratch-proof表镜上。3-Syntheticsapphire.Somecrystalsaremadeofbothmineralandsapphireglass.Seiko,forexample,makessomewatcheswithcrystalsmadeofmineralglasscoveredwithalayerofsyntheticsapphire.SeikocallsthiscompositematerialSapphlex.合成蓝宝石。有些表镜是由矿物和蓝宝石合成的玻璃。如日本精工表，有的表镜是由矿物玻璃上覆上一层合成蓝宝石造成的。精工管这种合成材料叫做Sapphlex.Syntheticsapphireisaveryhard,transparentmaterialmadeofcrystallizingaluminumoxideatveryhightemperatures.Chemi