python笔记

Python语言脚本与开发1.Python环境python-decorator-3.4.0-3.el7.noarchpython-dmidecode-3.10.13-11.el7.x86_64python-sss-murmur-1.13.0-40.el7.x86_64python-netaddr-0.7.5-7.el7.noarchpython-dns-1.12.0-1.20150617git465785f.el7.noarchpython-ply-3.4-10.el7.noarchpython-enum34-1.0.4-1.el7.noarchabrt-addon-python-2.1.11-36.el7.centos.x86_64python-libs-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64cryptsetup-python-1.6.7-1.el7.x86_64libsemanage-python-2.1.10-18.el7.x86_64python-pyblock-0.53-6.el7.x86_64python-pyasn1-0.1.6-2.el7.noarchrpm-python-4.11.3-17.el7.x86_64python-ethtool-0.8-5.el7.x86_64python-di-0.3-2.el7.noarchpython-backports-ssl_match_hostname-3.4.0.2-4.el7.noarchpython-inotify-0.9.4-4.el7.noarchpython-dateutil-1.5-7.el7.noarchspeech-dispatcher-python-0.7.1-15.el7.x86_64libuser-python-0.60-7.el7_1.x86_64python-2.7.5-34.el7.x86_64python-six-1.9.0-2.el7.noarchlibxml2-python-2.9.1-5.el7_1.2.x86_64python-lxml-3.2.1-4.el7.x86_64langtable-python-0.0.31-3.el7.noarchpython-javapackages-3.4.1-11.el7.noarchpython-slip-0.4.0-2.el7.noarchpython-qrcode-core-5.0.1-1.el7.noarchpython-cups-1.9.63-6.el7.x86_64python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarchpython-configobj-4.7.2-7.el7.noarchpython-setuptools-0.9.8-4.el7.noarchpython-perf-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64python-cffi-0.8.6-2.el7.x86_64libstoragemgmt-python-1.2.3-4.el7.noarchpython-pycurl-7.19.0-17.el7.x86_64policycoreutils-python-2.2.5-20.el7.x86_64python-blivet-0.61.15.37-1.el7.noarchpython-cryptography-0.8.2-1.el7.x86_64liblouis-python-2.5.2-10.el7.noarchlibselinux-python-2.2.2-6.el7.x86_64python-augeas-0.5.0-2.el7.noarchpython-sssdconfig-1.13.0-40.el7.noarchpython-pyudev-0.15-7.el7.noarchipa-python-4.2.0-15.el7.centos.x86_64python-pwquality-1.2.3-4.el7.x86_64python-slip-dbus-0.4.0-2.el7.noarchpython-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarchpython-urwid-1.1.1-3.el7.x86_64python-coverage-3.6-0.5.b3.el7.x86_64python-configshell-1.1.fb18-1.el7.noarchpython-ntplib-0.3.2-1.el7.noarchpython-yubico-1.2.3-1.el7.noarchpython-meh-0.25.2-1.el7.noarchlibreport-python-2.1.11-32.el7.centos.x86_64python-ldap-2.4.15-2.el7.x86_64python-urlgrabber-3.10-7.el7.noarchpython-rtslib-2.1.fb57-3.el7.noarchpython-brlapi-0.6.0-9.el7.x86_64python-smbc-1.0.13-7.el7.x86_64python-caribou-0.4.16-1.el7.noarchaudit-libs-python-2.4.1-5.el7.x86_64newt-python-0.52.15-4.el7.x86_64python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarchpython-backports-1.0-8.el7.x86_64python-kmod-0.9-4.el7.x86_64abrt-python-2.1.11-36.el7.centos.x86_64python-nss-0.16.0-3.el7.x86_64dbus-python-1.1.1-9.el7.x86_64python-IPy-0.75-6.el7.noarchpython-libipa_hbac-1.13.0-40.el7.x86_64python-kerberos-1.1-15.el7.x86_64python-pycparser-2.14-1.el7.noarchpython-krbV-1.0.90-8.el7.x86_64systemd-python-219-19.el7.x86_64python-deltarpm-3.6-3.el7.x86_642.python语言运行环境linux环境ubuntu系统主流windows环境3.python基础1）rpm–qa|greppython//检查系统是否安装python2）python命令进入python进行操作3）import模块//调用模块4）为python添加tab补全模块创建文件tab.py输入/usr/bin/envpythonImportsys//调用sys模块Importreadline//添加tab补全时系统必须安装readline；添加readline模块Importrlcompleter//添加rlcompleter模块Importatexit//添加atexit模块Importos//添加os模块Readline.parse_and_bind(‘tab:complete’)//定义键盘键位histfile=os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'],'.pythonhistory')//定义histfile变量try:readline.read_history_file(histfile)exceptIOError:passatexit.register(readline.write_history_file,histfile)delos,histfile,readline,rlcompleter5）Python语言对对齐有特别苛刻的要求，分级命令必须对齐4.Python语言的交互输出实例一：交互式输入输出pleaseinputyourname创建文件input.py#!/usr/bin/envpythonname=raw_input(pleaseinputyourname:)然后保存输入pythoninput.py执行实例二：交互式输入过滤空格name=raw_input(pleaseinputyourname:).strip()保存执行5.逻辑判断（python语言不需要结束字符）实例一:判断交互式输入name判断如果name是空那么返回值是错误，如果不为空就正确#!/usr/bin/envpythonname=raw_input(pleaseinputyourname:)iflen(name)==0:printfalseelse:printtrue实例二：判断name为空时返回值，判断不为空时输入的值是不是要求值#!/usr/bin/envpythonuser=modname=raw_input(pleaseinputyourname:)iflen(name)==0:printfalseelifname==user:printtrueelse:printpleaseinputtruename!!6.While循环(死循环)实例一：交互式输入name，若输入错误那么继续输入#!/usr/bin/envpythonuser=modwhileTrue:name=raw_input(pleaseinputyourname:)iflen(name)==0:printfalsecontinueelifname==user:printtrueelse:printpleaseinputtruename!!continuebreak实例二：循环判断name并且如果输入错误三次退出跳出循环#!/usr/bin/envpythonuser=modcount=0whileTrue:ifcount3:name=raw_input(pleaseinputyourname:)iflen(name)==0:printfalsecontinueelifname==user:printtrueelse:printpleaseinputtruename!!count+=1continuebreak实例三：三次退出判断name循环并且结束当前进程方法一#!/usr/bin/envpythonimportsysuser=modcount=0whileTrue:ifcount3:name=raw_input(pleaseinputyourname:)iflen(name)==0:printfalsecontinueelifname==user:printtrueelse:printpleaseinputtruename!!count+=1continuebreakelse:sys.exit()方法二：#!/usr/bin/envpythonimportsysuser=modwhileTrue:name=raw_input(pleaseinputyourname:)iflen(name)==0:printfalsecontinueforiinrange(1,3):name=raw_input(pleaseinputyourname:)ifname==user:pass#printtrueelse:printpleaseinputtruename!!continuebreakelse:sys.exit()break7.文件交互之处理员工信息示例这里需要应用文件交互，f=file('con.txt')打开文件，这个可以进行文件的读取；f=file('con.txt','a')这个是对文件进行追加；f=file('con.txt','w')这个表示如果当前目录下没有这个文件那么创建这个文件；其中f.read()、f.readline()、f.readlines()是读取文件，f.write('\n3\tdfs\t213165132\tIT')这个是对