if-引导的非真实性条件状语从句-即-虚拟语气

1if引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气。.英语中的语气分三种：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议，与事实相反的假设或实际可能性不大的情况等（即非真实的假设）。If引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句（虚拟条件句）。真实条件句表示在假设的条件下，有可能实现的情况。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。Ifhedoesn’thurryup,hewillmissthebus.(真实条件状语)Ifhewasfree,heaskedmetotellstories.（真实条件状语）IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.（非真实条件状语从句）Iftherewasnoair,peoplewoulddie.（非真实条件状语从句）1）非真实条件句中虚拟语气的基本形式。假设类型条件从句的动词结果主句的动词与现在事实相反动词过去式（be只用were）would/should/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词would/should/could/might+have+过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式/(should/wereto)+动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形2①与现在事实相反IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(实际情况：我现在没有时间，也不会去散步。)IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不可能是你。)Iwouldsaynoifsomeoneaskedmetobeinamovie.假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上现虚拟语气专项练习1．Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we__________allright.A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.maybe2.________morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.A.IfthecaptainwereB.HadthecaptainbeenC.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen3.Ifhe_________metomorrow,Iwouldlethimknow.A.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenableC.werenotableD.arenotable4.Ifyouaskedyourfather,you______________permission.A.maygetB.mightgetC.shouldhavecalledD.maybeget35._____________today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.washeleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves6.______Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were7.Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,hadtheybeendonebyhand,__________allpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.A.couldloseB.wouldhavelostC.mightloseD.oughttohavelost8.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,he________ourchairmannow.A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.wouldbe9.Ifyou________________JerryBrownuntilrecently,you'dthinkthephotographontherightwasstrange.A.shouldn'tcontactB.didn'tcontactC.weren'ttocontactD.hadn'tcontacted10.____________heEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSundayA.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor411.LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyI_____________youradviceA.followB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.havefollowed12.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,he____________ourchairmannow.A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.hadn'tcontacted13.Ifthehorsewontoday,it_____________thirtyracesinfiveyears.A.wouldhavewonB.wonC.musthavewonD.didhavewon14.Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,_______asuddenloudnoise.A.beingthereB.shouldtherebeC.therewasD.therehavingbeen17.Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospital,haditbeenatallpossible,butI______fullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.A.wereB.hadbeenC.havebeenD.was18.IapologizeifI__________you,butIassureyouitwasunintentional(无意的).A.offendB.hadoffended5C.shouldhaveoffendedD.mighthaveoffended19.Ifyouhadn'ttakensuchalongtimetogetdressed,we'd______________therebynow.A.beB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling20.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun________roundtheearth.A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling21.IwishthatI_______________withyoulastnight.A.wentB.havegoneC.couldgoD.couldhavegone22.IwishI___________withher.A.wouldbeB.amC.wasD.were23.IwishthatI_____________theconcertlastnight.A.couldB.haveattendedC.couldhaveattendedD.attended24.Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI_______________toit.A.hadnotgoneB.havenotgoneC.didnotgoD.cannothavegone25.Iwishyou___________metoputthesethingsaway,hesaid.A.willhelpB.helpC.arehelpingD.wouldhelp26.IftheWatergateIncident_____________Nixonwouldnot6haveresignedfromthepresidency.A.didnotoccurB.hadnotoccurredC.wasnotoccurringD.becircling27.Ihadn'texpected________JamestoapologizebutIhadhoped.A.himcallingmeB.thathewouldcallmeC.himtocallmeD.thathecallme28.Georgewouldcertainlyhaveattendedthemeeting,____________________.A.ifhedidn'tgetaflattireB.iftheflattirehadn'thappenedC.hadhenothadaflattireD.hadthetirenotflatteneditself29.Theteachersuggestedthatherstudents_____________experienceswithESP.A.writeacompositionontheirB.towritecompositionabouttheC.wrotesomecompositionsofhisorherD.hadwrittenanycompositionsforhis30.HespeaksChineseasfluentlyasifhe______________aChinese.A.wereB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen31.Asusual,heputonashowasthoughhistrip____agreatsuccess.7A.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wereD.was32.Lookingroundthetown,hefeltasthoughhe______________awayforages.A.hasbeenB.wasC.isD.hadbeen33.Johnissostronglybuiltthathelooksasifhe______aselephant.A.liftsB.isliftingC.LiftedD.couldlift34.Hedescribedthetownasifhe_____________ithimself.A.hadseenB.hasseenC.sawD.sees35.Atthatthoughtheshookhimself,asthoughhe_____________fromanevildream.A.wokeB.wakesC.wouldwakeD.hadwoke36.Mostinsuranceagentswouldratheryou___________anythingaboutcollectingclaimsuntiltheyinvestigatethesituation.A.doB.don'tC.didn'tD.didn'tdo37.Althoughmostadoptedpersonswanttherighttoknowwho______________theirnaturalparentsare,somewhohavefoundthemwishthattheytheexperienceofmeeting.A.hadn'tB.didn'thavehadC.hadn'thadD.hadn'thave38.ItisimportantthattheTOEFLoffice________yourregistration.8A.willconfirmB.confirmC.confirmsD.mustconfirm39.withoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftoday's___