ASTM C 1499-05

Designation:C1499–05StandardTestMethodforMonotonicEquibiaxialFlexuralStrengthofAdvancedCeramicsatAmbientTemperature1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationC1499;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheequibi-axialstrengthofadvancedceramicsatambienttemperatureviaconcentricringconfigurationsundermonotonicuniaxialload-ing.Inaddition,testspecimenfabricationmethods,testingmodes,testingrates,allowabledeflection,anddatacollectionandreportingproceduresareaddressed.Twotypesoftestspecimensareconsidered:machinedtestspecimensandas-firedtestspecimensexhibitingalimiteddegreeofwarpage.Strengthasusedinthistestmethodreferstothemaximumstrengthobtainedundermonotonicapplicationofload.Mono-tonicloadingreferstoatestconductedataconstantrateinacontinuousfashion,withnoreversalsfromtestinitiationtofinalfracture.1.2Thistestmethodisintendedprimarilyforusewithadvancedceramicsthatmacroscopicallyexhibitisotropic,homogeneous,continuousbehavior.Whilethistestmethodisintendedforuseonmonolithicadvancedceramics,certainwhisker-orparticle-reinforcedcompositeceramicsaswellascertaindiscontinuousfiber-reinforcedcompositeceramicsmayalsomeetthesemacroscopicbehaviorassumptions.Generally,continuousfiberceramiccompositesdonotmacroscopicallyexhibitisotropic,homogeneous,continuousbehavior,andtheapplicationofthistestmethodtothesematerialsisnotrecommended.1.3ValuesexpressedinthistestmethodareinaccordancewiththeInternationalSystemofUnits(SI)andPracticeE380.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2C1145TerminologyofAdvancedCeramicsC1239PracticeforReportingUniaxialStrengthDataandEstimatingWeibullDistributionParametersforAdvancedCeramicsC1259TestMethodforDynamicYoung’sModulus,ShearModulus,andPoisson’sRatioforAdvancedCeramicsbyImpulseExcitationofVibrationC1322PracticeforFractographyandCharacterizationofFractureOriginsinAdvancedCeramicsE4PracticesforForceVerificationofTestingMachinesE6TerminologyRelatingtoMethodsofMechanicalTest-ingE83PracticeforVerificationandClassificationofExten-someterSystemE337TestMethodforMeasuringHumiditywithaPsy-chrometer(theMeasurementofWet-andDry-BulbTem-peratures)E380PracticeforUseofInternationalSystemofUnits(SI)(TheModernizedMetricSystem)F394TestMethodforIroninTraceQuantitiesUsingthe1,10-PhenanthrolineMethod33.Terminology3.1Definitions—ThedefinitionsoftermsrelatingtobiaxialtestingappearinginTerminologyE6andTerminologyC1145mayapplytothetermsusedinthistestmethod.Pertinent1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC28onAdvancedCeramicsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC28.01onMechanicalPropertiesandPerformance.CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2005.PublishedJune2005.Originallyapprovedin2001.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2004asC1499–04.2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.3Withdrawn.1Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.CopyrightbyASTMInt'l(allrightsreserved);ReproductionauthorizedperLicenseAgreementwithKatheHooper(ASTMIHSAccount);WedJun2210:35:59EDT2005CopyrightASTMInternationalReproducedbyIHSunderlicensewithASTMNotforResaleNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHS--`,,`,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---definitionsarelistedbelowwiththeappropriatesourcegiveninparentheses.Additionaltermsusedinconjunctionwiththistestmethodaredefinedinthefollowingsection.3.1.1advancedceramic,n—highlyengineered,highperfor-mancepredominatelynon-metallic,inorganic,ceramicmate-rialhavingspecificfunctionalattributes.C11453.1.2breakingload,[F],n—loadatwhichfractureoccurs.E63.1.3equibiaxialflexuralstrength,[F/L2],n—maximumstressthatamaterialiscapableofsustainingwhensubjectedtoflexurebetweentwoconcentricrings.Thismodeofflexureisacuppingofthecircularplatecausedbyloadingattheinnerloadringandoutersupportring.Theequibiaxialflexuralstrengthiscalculatedfromthemaximum-loadofabiaxialtestcarriedtorupture,theoriginaldimensionsofthetestspecimen,andPoisson’sratio.3.1.4homogeneous,n—conditionofamaterialinwhichtherelevantproperties(composition,structure,density,etc.)areuniform,sothatanysmallersampletakenfromanoriginalbodyisrepresentativeofthewhole.Practically,aslongasthegeometricaldimensionsofasamplearelargewithrespecttothesizeoftheindividualgrains,crystals,components,pores,ormicrocracks,thesamplecanbeconsideredhomogeneous.3.1.5modulusofelasticity,[F/L2],n—ratioofstresstocorrespondingstrainbelowtheproportionallimit.E63.1.6Poisson’sratio,n—negativevalueo