定语从句讲解公开课(22张ppt)

LearningAims:1.TosummarizeandreviewthetheAttributiveClause.2.TomasterTheAttributiveClause.TheAttributiveClause定语从句一、定语定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。hisdeskTom’sfatherabeautifulcitythreeteacherswomenteachersintheroomaboveadevelopingcountryadevelopedcountryThereisnothingtodotoday.anarticleabouthowtolearnEnglishacitywhichisbeautiful物主代词形容词名词现在分词过去分词不定式介词短语从句名词所有格数词副词二定语从句1.含义修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.修饰girlThisistheclassroomwherewestudy.修饰classroom2.如何改写成定语从句？写法：①找出两个简单句的共有成分；②将从句中的共有成分去掉；③用关系词引导剩下的从句，并紧接在被修饰词之后．Ilovethegirl.Thegirlhaslonghair.Ilovethegirlwhohaslonghair.Whichrobotdoyouprefer?Robot?Hello,Icanplaytheguitar.Hi,Icancleanthehouse.Iprefertherobotwhichcanplaytheguitar.Iprefertherobotwhichcansing.Guess?Iprefertherobotwhichcancleanthehouse.先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.3.相关术语关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,that,asWhere,when,why5.关系代词Lookatthekiteswhichareflyinginthesky.ThepenwhichI’musingisprettygood.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Who’stheboythatisreadingabook?Canyoushowmethephotothatyoulikebest?Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.Thehousewhosewindowsareclosedismine.which：指物，作主语或宾语who：指人，作主语；whom：指人，做宾语whose：指人或物，做定语that：指人或物，作主语或宾语做题技巧：1.确定定语从句2.看先行词是指人还是指物3.确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分4.确定关系代词Theboys______areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Footballisagame___________islikedbymostboys.whowhich/that1.Those_______wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.2.YesterdayIhelpedanoldman______hadlosthisway.3.Mr.Liuistheperson______youtalkedaboutonthebus.4.LiMingisjusttheboy______Iwanttosee.5.Thefactory_____makescomputersisfarawayfromhere.6.Helikestoreadbooks______arewrittenbyShakespeare.7.Thisisthepen_______heboughtyesterday.whowhowhomwhomWhich/thatWhich/thatWhich/that8.Thenumberofpeople______cometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.9.Whereistheman______Isawthismorning?10.Theseason_____comesafterspringissummer.11.Ivisitedascientist______nameisknownalloverthecountry.12.Doyoulikethebook______coverisyellow?13.Theclassroom______doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.whowhomWhich/thatwhosewhosewhoseCouldyoustillrememberthetimewhenthetrainleft?Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworks?Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?whenthetrainleftthetimethefactorywheremyfatherworks?thereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?whenwherewhy（指时间，作状语）（指地点，作状语）（指原因，作状语）6.关系副词1.Thereason___________hegaveussoundedreasonable.2.Idon’tknowthereason_______hequarreledwithyou.3.I’llneverforgettheday___________wespenttogether.4.I’llremembertheday_________westayedtogether.5.Thisisthehotel____________wevisitedlastyear.6.Thisisthehotel_________Lincolnoncelived.总结：关系代词和关系副词的选择关键看关系词在定语从句中做的成分而定。whythat/whichthat/whichwhenthat/whichwhere关系代词和关系副词的区别1.Thereason___________hegaveussoundedreasonable.2.Idon’tknowthereason_______hequarreledwithyou.3.I’llneverforgettheday___________wespenttogether.4.I’llremembertheday_________westayedtogether.5.Thisisthehotel____________wevisitedlastyear.6.Thisisthehotel_________Lincolnoncelived.总结关系词的用法：关系词在定语从句中做_________________时，用关系代词(which,who,whom,that,whose)引导定语从句。关系词在定语从句中做_________时，用关系副词(when,where,why)引导定语从句。主语、宾语、或定语状语当先行词是case,condition,situation,position,point,stage,degree，occasion等词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词where。Hehadtofacetheconditionwherepressurewasheavy.Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.当先行词是case,condition,situation,position,point,stage,degree，occasion等词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词where。that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。7.that和which的区别：(5)先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。.(6)先行词是who或who引导的主句。Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished(7)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that.Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?(8)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语时，关系代词用that.Sheisn’tthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.(9)主句以Therebe引导时Thereare200peoplethatdidn’tknowthething.下列情况不能使用that,而用which①that不能引导非限制性定语从句Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.②that不能置于介词之后（介词后指物用which,指人用whom）Theperson________IamspeakingjustnowisourEnglishteacher.Theprize________heworkedsohardwasanewbicycle.towhomforwhich4.分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句分割性定语从句定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.LastnightIsawaverygoodfilm,whichwasabouttheLongMarch.Sheisdoingexperimentsinthelabwhichareimportanttoherresearch.1)限定性定语从句:紧跟先行词无逗号和主句隔开2)非限定性定语从句:有逗号与先行词隔开3)分隔定语从句:定语从句和先行词间有其他成分隔开1.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助之。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。