英语阅读之推断题的解题技巧及策略

ReadingComprehension-InferenceQuestions阅读理解之——推理判断题的解题技巧及策略StepⅠWarming-upThemotherratandherbabiesareplayinginthegarden.Afatcatiscomingtocatchthemfordinner.Themotherratandherbabiestrytorunaway.Butthebabyratscan’trunveryfast.Thecatisgettingcloserandcloser.Suddenly,themotherratstopsrunningandturnsaround.Sheshoutsatthecatlikeanangrydog,“Woof,woof,woof.”Thecatisafraidandrunaway.Themotherratturnstoherbabies,andsays,“Youseehowimportantitistolearnaforeignlanguage.”()1.Thecatrunsawaybecause_____A.heisafraidofthemotherrat.B.heisafraidofbabyrats.C.hehearsthesoundofadogandafraid.D.hedoesn’twanttoeatratsanymore.()2.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat____A.Acatiscomingtocatchtheratsfordinner.B.Themotherratandbabyratstrytorunaway.C.Themotherratandbabyratsgethelpfromadog.D.Themotherratisbraveandsmart.CDStepⅠWarming-upThemotherratandherbabiesareplayinginthegarden.Afatcatiscomingtocatchthemfordinner.Themotherratandherbabiestrytorunaway.Butthebabyratscan’trunveryfast.Thecatisgettingcloserandcloser.Suddenly,themotherratstopsrunningandturnsaround.Sheshoutsatthecatlikeanangrydog,“Woof,woof,woof.”Thecatisafraidandrunaway.Themotherratturnstoherbabies,andsays,“Youseehowimportantitistolearnaforeignlanguage.”所谓推理判断，就是根据文章表面的文字信息，推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或隐含信息。这种题目旨在考查考生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意的能力。属于深层理解题。StepⅡ认识推理判断题StepⅢ推理判断常见的提问方式1.Whichofthefollowingis(not)mentionedintheparagraph?2.Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentence?/Fromthispassage,wecaninferthat——.3.Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappen(to…)attheendofthestory?4.Wecan/can’tlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_________.5.Fromthepassage,weknowthat____.6.Thewriterbelievesthat_________.推理判断常见的提问方式StepⅣ推理判断题的解题技巧示例1Atasmallbusstation.Amanishungryandhewantstobuysomecakes.It’sraininghard.Hedoesn’twanttogooutintherain.Heseesaboy.”Comehere,boy!”hecries.”Doyouknowhowmuchthecakesare?”Theboysaysyes.Hegivestheboyfourdollarsandaskshimtobuytwocakes.”Oneisforyouandoneisforme.”Threeminuteslater,theboycomesback.He’seatingacake.Hegivesthemantwodollarsandsays,“Sorry,thereisonlyonecakeleft.”()1.Howmucharetheyifwebuyfivecakes?A.FivedollarsB.FourdollarsC.TendollarsD.FifteendollarsC第1招：根据题干信息定位关键句某些推理判断题往往也针对文中的事实或细节而设置，因此也可以根据题干中的人物、地点、时间、陈述对象等关键词语在原文中定位，然后根据原文内容进行正确的推理和判断。练习1：根据题干信息定位关键句Marysays,“Ilikeplayingthepianobecauseitmakesmehavealotofdifferentfeelings—sadness,excitement,happinessandsoon.Ilikeplayingdifficultpieces,especiallythosethatmyteachersaysIshouldn’t.（）1.WhatMarysaidinthelastparagraphtellsusthat________.A.MarylikeschallengeB.Marydoesn’tlikechallengeC.MaryisafraidofchallengeD.MaryhateschallengeA示例2:Timisanaughtyboy.Heoftenfightswithhisclassmatesatschool.Oneday,Timcomeshomewithabloodynose.Hismotherasks,Tim,whathappened?Abigkidbitme.Timanswers.Hismotherisveryangrytohearthis.Wouldyourecognizehimifyousawhimagain?askshismother.I’dknowhimanywhere.saysTim,Ihavehisearinmypocket.”（）2.Fromthepassageweknowthat_____A.TimlikescollectingearsB.AbigkidhitTimC.Timfightswithclassmateseveryday.D.TimandthebigkidhaveafightD纯属编造原文的简单复述非结论过度夸张事实2B2C第2招：综观全局，排除干扰选项正确答案的表述一般不会太绝对，干扰选项则具有以下特点：（1）选项内容纯属编造（2）看似从原文推断出的结论，然与原文不符；（3）推理过头，概括过度；（4）只是原文的简单复述，而非结论；练习2：综观全局，排除干扰选项InlearningEnglish,oneshouldfirstpayattentiontolisteningandspeaking.Itisthegroundwork(基础)ofreadingandwriting.You’dbettertryyourbesttospeakwhileyoudomuchlistening.Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.ButbecarefulnottoletthemistakesstopyoufromimprovingyourEnglish.Whileyouaredoingthis,agoodwayistowrite—keepadiary,writenotesorletters.Thenifyoucan,asksomeonetogothroughwhatyouhavewrittenandtellyouwhereitiswrong.Manymistakesinyourspeakingwillbeeasilyfoundwhenyouwrite.Throughcorrectingthemistakes,youcandobetterinlearingEnglish.（）2.Fromthisparagraph,weknowthatwhenyouarespeaking,________A.youshouldfirstpayattentiontolistening.B.itdoesn’tmatterifyoumakemistakes.C.youshouldtakeadictionarywithyou.D.youcanmakeanymistakes.B2A与原文不符合2B纯属编造概括过度示例3Mikewalksintoapetshopandseesalittlewhitedog.Heaskstheshopkeeper,“Doesyourdogbite?”Theshopkeepersays,“No,mydogdoesn’tbite.”“Whatanicedog,”Mikesaystohimself.Thenhebendsdownandtriestotouchthedog.Thedogbiteshim.“Ouch!”hecries,“Yousaidyourdogdidnotbite!”Theshopkeeperreplies,“Thatisnotmydog.”（）3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.theshopkeeper’sdogbitesMike.B.theshopkeeperistobeblamed(指责)forC.theshopkeeperisnothonest.D.theshopkeepershouldtellMikethewhitedogbites.D通过对整篇文章的理解分析得出第3招：根据作者意图推断,杜绝主观臆造练习3:根据作者意图进行推断,杜绝主观臆造Aswedrovefromthestationinthecar,shebegantellingmeastory.Afewdaysearlier,herbrotherhadrunoutofgas.Agoodmanpickedhimup,tookhimtoaservicestationandthenbacktohiscar.“Imustpassthefavor(善行)along,”shesaid.WhenIofferedhermoneyasathank-you,shewouldn’taccept.“Justdosomethingniceforsomebody.Passitalong,”shesaid.（）3.Thebusdriverhopedthatthewriter______.A.woulddrivesomeonehomeB.wouldhelpsomeoneinneedC.wouldkeepherinmemoryD.wouldgivethemoneytoothersB第1招：根据题干信息在原文中定位关键句Summary第2招：综观全局，排除干扰项第3招：根据作者意图进行推断，杜绝主观臆造StepⅤLearntouse练习4Bonnieisalittlegirlandsheloveswritingpoems(诗)。Hereisoneofherpoemsaboutherlife.Myfavouritesweatergrewtoosmall.Ilovethatsweaterbestofall.Mygrandmamade