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分类号:TP242.2密级:公开UDC:单位代码:10424学位论文机械臂轨迹规划研究机械臂轨迹规划研究机械臂轨迹规划研究机械臂轨迹规划研究王艳君申请学位级别:硕士学位专业名称:控制理论与控制工程指导教师姓名:孙农亮职称:教授山东科技大学二零一一年五月论文题目:论文题目:论文题目:论文题目:机械臂轨迹规划研究机械臂轨迹规划研究机械臂轨迹规划研究机械臂轨迹规划研究作者姓名:作者姓名:作者姓名:作者姓名:王艳君入学时间:入学时间:入学时间:入学时间:2008200820082008年9999月专业名称:专业名称:专业名称:专业名称:控制理论与控制工程研究方向:研究方向:研究方向:研究方向:计算机控制与仿真指导教师:指导教师:指导教师:指导教师:孙农亮职职职职称:称:称:称:教授论文提交日期:论文提交日期:论文提交日期:论文提交日期:2011201120112011年5555月论文答辩日期:论文答辩日期:论文答辩日期:论文答辩日期:2011201120112011年6666月授予学位日期:授予学位日期:授予学位日期:授予学位日期:THETHETHETHERESEARCHRESEARCHRESEARCHRESEARCHONONONONMANIPULATORMANIPULATORMANIPULATORMANIPULATORTRAJECTORYTRAJECTORYTRAJECTORYTRAJECTORYPLANNINGPLANNINGPLANNINGPLANNINGAAAADissertationDissertationDissertationDissertationsubmittedsubmittedsubmittedsubmittedininininfulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillmentofofofofthethethetherequirementsrequirementsrequirementsrequirementsofofofofthethethethedegreedegreedegreedegreeofofofofMASTERMASTERMASTERMASTEROFOFOFOFPHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHYPHILOSOPHYfromfromfromfromShandongShandongShandongShandongUniversityUniversityUniversityUniversityofofofofScienceScienceScienceScienceandandandandTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologybybybybyWangWangWangWangYanjunYanjunYanjunYanjunSupervisor:Supervisor:Supervisor:Supervisor:ProfessorProfessorProfessorProfessorSunSunSunSunNongliangNongliangNongliangNongliangCollegeCollegeCollegeCollegeofofofofInformationInformationInformationInformationandandandandElectricalElectricalElectricalElectricalEngineeringEngineeringEngineeringEngineeringMayMayMayMay2011201120112011声明本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文,除了所列参考文献和世所公认的文献外,全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。该论文资料尚没有呈交于其它任何学术机关作鉴定。硕士生签名:日期:AFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATIONAFFIRMATIONIIIIdeclaredeclaredeclaredeclarethatthatthatthatthisthisthisthisdissertation,dissertation,dissertation,dissertation,submittedsubmittedsubmittedsubmittedininininfulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillmentfulfillmentofofofofthethethetherequirementsrequirementsrequirementsrequirementsforforforforthethethetheawardawardawardawardofofofofMasterMasterMasterMasterofofofofPhilosophyPhilosophyPhilosophyPhilosophyininininShandongShandongShandongShandongUniversityUniversityUniversityUniversityofofofofScienceScienceScienceScienceandandandandTechnology,Technology,Technology,Technology,isisisiswhollywhollywhollywhollymymymymyownownownownworkworkworkworkunlessunlessunlessunlessreferencedreferencedreferencedreferencedofofofofacknowledge.acknowledge.acknowledge.acknowledge.TheTheTheThedocumentdocumentdocumentdocumenthashashashasnotnotnotnotbeenbeenbeenbeensubmitsubmitsubmitsubmittedtedtedtedforforforforqualificationqualificationqualificationqualificationatatatatanyanyanyanyotherotherotherotheracademicacademicacademicacademicinstitute.institute.institute.institute.Signature:Signature:Signature:Signature:Date:Date:Date:Date:山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘要摘要机械臂轨迹规划研究的是机械臂在工作过程中的角位移、角速度和角加速度问题,目的是使机械臂末端平稳的完成一定的作业。机械臂轨迹规划是运动学逆解的实际应用,是机器人学的一个非常重要的研究领域。本论文的主要内容如下:首先,概述了本课题的研究背景和意义,以及国内外的研究现状,具体分析了当前所采用的机械臂轨迹规划方法特点以及存在的不足。然后对机械臂进行运动学分析,主要分析了机器人的数理基础,求解机械臂puma560的运动学正解、运动学逆解以及雅可比矩阵。采用ADAMS,建立机械臂puma560的三维模型,并采用蒙特卡洛法得到机械臂的工作空间,为后面的轨迹规划打下理论基础。其次,根据机械臂运动的平稳性要求,提出将三次三角Bezier样条用于机械臂轨迹规划。因为三次三角Bezier样条曲线的二阶导数和三阶导数均连续,并且可以方便地对机械臂的型值点进行插值,能够实现机械臂关节空间的角位移、角速度和角加速度连续,均具有良好的光滑性。同时,通过提高起始段和结束段曲线的阶次克服了机械臂开始和结束时的加速度突变,从而保证机械臂运动的平稳和连续,并通过仿真实验验证算法的合理性。最后,根据机械臂运动的快速性要求,将改进的遗传算法用于机械臂时间最优轨迹规划。因为三次三角Bezier样条虽然能够满足机械臂运动的平稳性要求,但是不能够保证机械臂运动时间最优。遗传算法在各个关节的约束条件的基础上进行适应度分配,再经过选择、交叉、变异等对当前种群进行操作,最终达到时间最优的结果,并通过仿真实验验证算法的合理性。关键词:机械臂,轨迹规划,三次三角Bezier样条,时间最优化,自适应遗传算法山东科技大学硕士学位论文ABSTRACTAAAABSTRACTBSTRACTBSTRACTBSTRACTThemainissueinmanipulatortrajectoryplanning(MTP)istodealwiththeproblemsofthedisplacement,angularvelocityandangularaccelerationofthetrajectory,tomakethetrajectoryendfinishsomeworksmoothly.MTPisthepracticalapplicationofinversekinematics,havingbeenaveryimportantroboticsresearchfield.Themaincontentsofthispaperareasfollows:Anoverviewofthebackground,theresearchsituationbothathomeandabroad,andsignificanceofthesubject,ispresentedfirstly.Thecharacteristicsandshortcomingsofcurrentmanipulatorplanningmethodsarealsoanalyzed.Thenthekinematicsanalysisincludingmainlythoseofthekinematicsandinversekinematics,andthesolvingofJacobianmatrixofthemanipulator,areconducted.Athree-dimensionalmodelofpuma560,withtheworkspacebasedonMonte-Carlomethod,isproducedbyADAMS,whichprovidesafoundationforthetrajectoryplanningfollowing.Tomeettherequirementofmovingsmoothlyofthemanipulator,thecubictriangularBezierspline(CTBS)isutilizedinMTP.Continuousdisplacement,andcontinuousangularvelocityaswellasacceleration,canbeachievedduetonicefeaturesofthesecondandthirdderivativeofCTBS.Thesuddenchangeofacceleration,atbeginningandtheendofthemanipulatormovement,isovercomewithdrawnintohigherordercurvesattheendpoints.Therefore,smoothandcontinuousmovementsofthemanipulatorareachieved,whichistestedandverifiedbythesimulationexperimentsfollowing.Theimprovedadaptivegeneticalgorithm(IAGA)isusedtosolvetheproblemoftimeoptimalMTP,duetothefactthatCTBScannotensuretheshortestmovingtimethoughitmeetstherequirementofstabili
本文标题:机械臂轨迹规划研究
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