主谓一致课件

主谓一致•两个名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式•ZhangHuaandLiMingaregoodstudents.•当两个主语为不可分的东西时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：•Awatchandchainwasfoundonthedesk.Breadandbutterisnutritious.•Whenandwherethistookplaceisstillunknown.•Warandpeaceisaconstantthemeinhistory.•Onemoreknifeandforkisneeded.•注意：一身兼二职的情况：Thewriterandrunnerisattendingtheconference.•由every…andevery…,each…andeach…,manya…andmanya…,no...andno…等构成复合主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。•Eachmanandeachwomanisinvited.每个男人和女人都邀请了。•Noboyandnogirlistherenow.现在那里没有一个男孩和女孩。•Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasbeeninvited.很多男孩和女孩都被邀请了。•InChinaeveryboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.在中国每个男孩和女孩都有接受教育的权利。•由or,notonly...butalso...,not…but…,either...or,neither...nor，whether……or……连接主语时,谓语与靠近的主语一致，即就近一致的原则。•Heorhisbrothersweretoblame.•EitheryouorIammad.•AreeitheryouorImad?•Neitheryounorheisright.•Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisfamilywerefriendlytome.•当主语后跟有with,alongwith,togetherwith,besides,except,like,including,inadditionto,aswellas,ratherthan等词时,谓语动词根据前面的主语变化。•Allbutonewereherejustnow.•Alibrarywithfivethousandbooksisofferedtothenation.•SheaswellastheotherteachersisgoingtoNanjing.•主语由-s结尾的疾病、学科、国家谓语动词用单数；山川、河流、湖泊、瀑布，谓语动词用复数•主语书名，报刊杂志，剧名谓语动词用单数•Means,works,sheep,deer,JapaneseChinese单复数同形，谓语动词依据具体意思而定•一些由两部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名称作主语时,谓语用复数形式,如:trousers,shorts,shoes,glasses,goods,clothes,chopsticks,scissors.如果这些词由apair,piece,kind,type,box+of修饰,则用单数形式.例如：•Mytrousersarewhiteandhisclothesareblack.•Apairofshoesislyinghere.•Thesekindsofglassesarepopular.•由akindof,thiskindof,manykindsof和名词＋ofthiskind等以及与kind意思相近的type,sort等构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词与of前的名词取得一致。例：•Thiskindofapplesishighlypriced.•Applesofthiskindarehighlypriced.•population做主语时，通常看作单数，若population前有分数、百分数修饰时，则句子谓语通常用复数。例如：•ThepopulationinChinaisverylargeand80%ofthepopulationliveinruralareas.•复数名词,如:people,police,public,crew,cattle作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如：•Thepoliceliketohelppeople.•Peoplearetalkingaboutthenews..•Thecattlearegrazinginthefields.•集体名词,如:family,crowd,class,team,audience,committee,club,group,enemy,population,government等,如把它们当作整体看,谓语动词用单数;如把它们当作若干个体来看,谓语动词用复数。例如：•Ourfamilyisveryhappy.•Myfamilyarewatchingfootballgames.•表示距离,时间,长度,价值,金额,重量等的词,用复数形式时,谓语动词一般用单数。•Twothousanddollarsisalargesum.•Twohoursisenough.•但是算式中表示数字的主语一般视为单数,谓语动词多用单数形式..例如:•Fivetimessixmakes(make)thirty.5乘6等于30.•Fiveplus/andfiveis/areten.5加5等于10.•Tenminussixleavesfour.10减6等于4.•Twenty-fivedividedbyfiveequalsfive.25除以5等于5•morethanone+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数•Morethanonestudentisgoingtobealawyerinthefuture.•the+形容词，表示一类人，谓语动词用复数；若the+形容词，表示一类物，谓语动词用单数。例如：•Therichareforthedecisionbutthepoorareagainstit.•Thebeautifullivesforever.•关系代词who,that,which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应该与句中先行词的数一致。例如：•I,whoamonlyacommonworker,willretireintwoyears.•但是oneof+复数名词+从句，从句的谓语动词应用复数，而the(only/very)oneof+复数名词+从句，从句的谓语动词应用单数。例如：•Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthathavebeenasked.•Sarahistheonlyoneofthegirlswhoplaysintheband.•由what引导的主语从句,谓语动词一般用单数形式,但若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式,则谓语动词用复数.例如:•Whatyousaidisquitetothepoint.•Whatweneedarequalifiedteachers.•WhatＩsayandthinkarenobusinessofhis.•WhatImissbadlyarethosehappyhoursIspenttogetherwiththem.•在it引导的强调句中，who或that后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与前面被强调的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。例如：•It’sIwhoamtoblame.•Itisyouwhoaretoblame.•Itisthepeoplewho/thatarereallypowerful.•由There,Here引起的句子，主语又不止一个，其谓语动词通常和邻近的那个词保持一致。例如：•Thereisaknifeandsomeappleshere.•Herearesomeenvelopesandpaper.•在倒装句中，与后面的主语一致。例如：•Southofthecityisalargestadium.•Onthewallhangtwolargeportraits.•someof,plentyof,alotof,lotsof,mostof,therestof,all(of),half(of),分数或百分＋of＋名词做主语时，谓语动词的数以名词的单复数为准。例如：•Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.Two-thirdsoftheyouthsupporttheplan.•代词none和neither做主语时，有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思来决定。但是代表不可数名词时，只作单数。neither作形容词时与单数名词连用，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：•Noneofthemhas/havearrivedyet.•thenumberof+复数名词的中心词是短语中的名词，故谓语动词用复数形式；而“thenumberof+名词”的中心词是number，故谓语动词用单数形式。例如：•Anumberofstudentswereabsentyesterday.•Thenumberofpagesinthisbookisninehundred.•由every,any,some,no构成的复合词everyone,everybody,everything，anyone,anybody,anything，someone,somebody,something，noone,nobody,nothing以及each,every,either,little,much等+名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：•Muchhasbeendonetosolvethetrafficproblem.•themajorityof+复数名词，表示“大多数……”,谓语动词用复数；”themajorityof+集体名词”,谓语动词用单数或复数均可.例如:•Themajorityofdoctorsbelievethatsmokingisharmfultohealth.•动名词,不定式,从句作主语时,谓语动词一般要用单数。例如：•Toseeistobelieve.•Readingbooksisagoodwaytobecomeeducated.•(但Readingandfishingarehishobbies.)•such,thesame起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单复数。•Suchisourplan.•Sucharehiswords.•agood(great,large,small)amountof+不可数名词,谓语动词用单数；large/smallamountsof+不可数名词,谓语动词用复数；theamountof+不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。例如:•Largeamountsofmoneywerespentontheproject.•Theamountofworkastonishesher.•aquantityof若接可数名词，谓语动词用复数；但是of后面的名词如果是不可数名词，谓语动词则取决于quantity的形式。例如：•Aquantityofbasketswereonsale.•Quantitiesoffoodwereonthetable.•avarietyof作anumberofdifferentthings解时,后面要接非人称的复数名词,此短语用作主语时应作复数对待;而当avarietyof指akindof时,其复数形式为varietiesof,后面接复数名词,动词用复数形式;thevarietyof+名词作主语时,其谓语动词用单数.例如:•Thereareavarietyofapplesintheshop.•Thereisavarietyoffruitintheshop.•Thevarietyofgoodsonsaleinthatshopissurprising.