公共服务市场化分析(1)

公共服务市场化分析摘要：本文主要讲解我国公共服务市场化发展历程及改革措施。我国目前仍处于发展中国家，对改革开放以及民生基础设施、提高经济建设的投入比较大，因此导致公共服务长期处于资金短缺供给不足的局面。针对此问题我们通过国内外研究发现，发在国家在经济、政治局势稳定之后，会逐步实现公共服务市场化。可见我国也应推行公共服务市场化制度，但是在施行中，由于公共服务的垄断性和公益性导致有能力且有意向从事此行业的私企较少，市场化难以顺利进行。我国提出了合资经营、合同承包、特许经营、纯民营模式、公共民营合作制、凭单制度等合作模式来鼓励私营企业投入到公共服务市场化发展中。为实现新形势下的经济体制改革做出了卓越贡献。关键词：公共服务；市场化；垄断；竞争；政府主导MarketizationanalysisofpublicserviceAbstract:Thisarticlemainlyexplainsthedevelopmentprocessandreformmeasuresofthemarketizationofpublicserviceinchina.Atpresent,Chinaisstillindevelopingcountries,andtheinvestmentinreformandopeningupaswellaspeople'slivelihoodinfrastructureandeconomicdevelopmentisrelativelylarge,sothepublicservicehaslongbeeninthesituationofshortageoffundsandinsufficientsupply.Inviewofthisproblem,wehavefoundthatafterthecountry'seconomicandpoliticalsituationisstable,thepublicservicemarketwillbegraduallyrealized.ItshowsthatChinashouldalsoimplementmarket-orientedpublicservicesystem,butinpractice,becauseofmonopolyandpublicwelfarepublicservicetohavetheabilityandintentiontoengageinthisindustryprivatemarketisless,itisdifficulttosmooth.Chinahasputforwardacooperativemodeofjointventure,contractcontract,franchising,pureprivatemode,publicprivatecooperativesystemandvouchersystemtoencourageprivateenterprisestoinvestinthemarketdevelopmentofpublicservices.Ithasmadeoutstandingcontributionstothereformoftheeconomicsystemunderthenewsituation.Keyword：Publicservice;marketization;monopoly;competition;governmentled目录摘要：............................................................................................................................1关键词：........................................................................................................................1Abstract:.........................................................................................................................2Keyword：....................................................................................................................2一、绪论......................................................................................................................5（一）研究背景....................................................................................................5（二）研究目的及意义........................................................................................5（三）国内外研究现状........................................................................................51.国外研究现状............................................................................................52.国内研究现状............................................................................................6二、公共服务的市场化供给的概念和方式..............................................................7（一）公共服务市场化的概念............................................................................71.公共服务的概念........................................................................................72.公共服务市场化的概念............................................................................7（二）公共服务的提供主体和方式....................................................................81.权威型供给模式........................................................................................82.商业型供给模式........................................................................................83.志愿型供给模式........................................................................................8三、公共服务的市场化趋势......................................................................................9（一）公共服务市场化供给的必然性................................................................91.市场化竞争有利于提高公共服务质量....................................................92.市场化缓解财政压力，提升服务品质....................................................9（二）公共服务市场化供给的理论依据..........................................................101.公共选择理论..........................................................................................102.新公共管理理论......................................................................................103.公共治理理论..........................................................................................10四、我国公共服务供给的现状..................................................................................11（一）我国公共服务供给中存在的问题..........................................................111.供给能力差、地域供给水平不同..........................................................112.公共服务供给率低，且服务质量不佳..................................................113.我国公共服务市场化改革的效果不理想..............................................12（二）我国公共服务供给问题的原因分析......................................................121.政府财力有限导致公共服务供给不足..................................................122.公共服务制度的滞后性导致市场化的难度加大..................................13五、推进我国公共服务市场化的改革措施..............................................................13（一）公共服务市场化改革趋势的可行性分析..............................................13（二）公共服务市场化的模式多样................................................................13（三）推进我国公共服务市场化改革的制度建设..........................................14六、结论............................................................................................