贝克尔人力资本理论及其现实意义

X(,230001):,,,,,,,,,(GaryBecker),,,,,,,,,(),1766,,,,,,,,,,,X,,19921981,,,,,1964,,,,,,,,,20,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,(),,:92:():PV=6nt=1Et/(1+r)t,PV,Ett,r(explicitcost)(f)(im2plicitcost)(Ci)(PV)(f+ci),i:6nt=1Et/(1+i)t=f+ci:Htt();(,);Qtt,t+1:Ht+1=Ht(1-)+QttNt=Ht+1-Ht=Qt-Htt,:Qt=Qt(Tht),ThtTTwtTht,:T=Twt+Tht;::WtT,,:Wt=a(e)Ht,,a(e),ae,,tEt=WtTwt=Wt(T-Tht)=WtT-WtTht,WtT,;WtTht,,:V()=Max6nt=0Et/(1+i)t,,jThj:j,,:EjThj=-WijEjjThtjj,Ep/ThtEjThj=EkWkWkhkhkThj0320015:hk/Thj;Wk/hk;Ek/WkEk=WkTwkEk/Wk=Twk();Wk=a(e)HkWk/hk=a(e);hk/Thj=(hk/hj+1)(hj+1/Thj),:hj+1/Thjj;hj+1/Thj=Qj/Thj(j);(hk/hj+1)j+1k,(hk/hj+1)=1;,,:(hk/hj+1)=(1-)k-(j+1),:EkThj=EkWkWkhkhkThj=Twka(e)(1-)k-(j+1)(Qj/Thj),:=,:MCj=nk=j+1(Ek/Qj)/(1+r)k=MBj(j=123n),j,j,Ek/Qj=Twka(e)(1-)k-(j+1):MCj=nk=j+1(Twka(e)(1-)k-(j+1))/(1+r)kj,j12n,:1,,,,;,,,,,,,:,Xy,MBxMByXy,,13,,MByMBx;,,MCyMCx,,XQxyQy2,,,,;,,,:W=a(e)H(),,,,,,,,,,3,,,4,,5W=a(e)H,a,a,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,?2320015,,:,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,33;,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,(Romer,1986)(Uzawa,1965)(Lucas,1988)--(Krugman-Lucas-Yang,1988-1991),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,-,,,,,,(manpowerplanningapproach),,,,,,,,,,,,,4320015,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,?,,:;(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,317-318,,,1949:,124,,,1997:,149-150,,,1996:,10,,,1986:,15,,,1986:,15,,,1986:,21,,,198653