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数词定义:表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词。数词有两种:*表示数目多少的数词叫做基数词,如:one,two,three...,ninetyfour等;*表示顺序先后的数词叫做序数词,如:first,second,third...,fifteenth等。例句•Therearefivepeopleinmyfamily.•我家有五口人。•Weliveonthesixthfloorinatallbuilding.•我们住在一座高楼的第六层。基数词(一)基数词的表示方法1.基数词1~12是独立的词。1one2two3three4four5five6six7seven8eight9nine10ten11eleven12twelve(2)13~19都以teen结尾,都是双重音:13thirteen14fourteen15fifteen16sixteen17seventeen18eighteen19nineteen2.基数词20~90整十位数都是以ty结尾。20twenty/'twentI/30thirty/'θɜːtI/40forty/'fɔːtI/50fifty/'fIftI/60sixty/'sIkstI/70seventy/'sevntI/80eighty/'eItI/90ninety/'naIntI/注:13~19的teen/'tiːn/都是重读音,而20~90的ty/tI/都是非重读音节;/'tiːn/为长音,而/tI/为短音。3.基数词21~99都是由“几十”和“几”合起来构成,词中间加连字符(但音标里不加连字符),并分别重读。21twentyone45fortyfive23twentythree56fiftysix34thirtyfour67sixtyseven4.基数词101~999,先说“几百”,再加“and”,再加末两位数。—Howmanydaysarethereinayear?一年有多少天?—_________________________.三百六十五天.Threehundredandsixtyfive5.1,000以上的数,先从后向前数,每三位加“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand,第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion(美式)或thousandmillion(英式)。—Canyouwritethenumber_________________________________________?你会写数字85,626吗?—Yes,itis85,626.会写,它是85,626。eightyfivethousand,sixhundredandtwentysix6.百(hundred),千(thousand),百万(million)等词与数字或a(n)连用时,词尾不可加“s”。Thecomputerwascheap.______________________________________那台电脑很便宜,我只花了两千元.Ionlyspenttwothousandyuanonit.7.百(hundred),千(thousand),百万(million)等词与介词of连用时,须用复数形式,表示不确定数目,其前不可与数字连用。—HowmanypeoplewenttoBeijingfortheOlympicGamesin2008?有多少人去北京看2008年奥运会?—_______________,Ithink.上百万,我认为。Millionsof8.表示“几十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数,Sheis________________butshelooksyoung.她五十多岁,但她看上去很年轻。inherfifties在表示“几十年代”时,可以用基数词的复数形式,也可用阿拉伯数字加“s”或“'s”。From_________________to___________________,picturestorycartoonswereverypopular.从20世纪50年代到20世纪70年代,图画故事的卡通片是很受欢迎的。the1950's(1950s)the1970's(1970s)9.基数词可与其他词构成合成形容词。Kateisan__________________girl.凯特是个18岁的女孩。注:这种合成形容词的结构为:“数词+单数名词+形容词”。复合形容词中,词与词之间要加连字符“”。eighteenyearold10.基数词可用作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。Givehimthree.(宾语)给他三个。___________oftheteachersinourschoolarewomenteachers.(主语)我们学校三分之二的老师是女老师。Twothirds11.电话号码的读法为顺次读出一个个数字,“0”读作“o”或“zero”。数字连续重现时可用“double(双)”。62884405读作______________________________________或______________________________________。sixtwoeighteightfourfouro(或zero)fivesixtwodoubleeightdoublefouro(或zero)five表示顺序的数词称为序数词。序数词一般以与之相应的基数词加词尾th构成;多个单词时,仅最后一个变为序数词。序数词前一般需加“the”。1.“基数词”变“序数词”的口诀一、二、三特殊记,结尾要用t,d,d;八去t,九去e,ve要用f替,整十数变序数,先把y变为ie,然后再加th,若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。2.序数词作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语或状语。Shewasthe_fifthintheexam.(作表语)ThefirstofJuneisChildren'sDay.(主语)3.表顺序时,基数词和序数词可互换,如:LessonFive=____________________thefifthlesson(三)分数1.分数的表达与读法。Twothirdsofthestudentsaregirlsinourclass.在我们班,三分之二的学生是女孩。注:分子须用基数词,分母用序数词。分子如果大于1,分母须用复数形式。先读分子,再读分母。分子为one时可换用“a”。2.1/2读作“a(one)half”(而不是asecond“一秒钟”);1/4既可读作“a(one)quarter”,又可读作“a(one)fourth”。________________________________________arewritteninEnglish.世界上3/4的书和报纸是用英语写的。Threequartersoftheworld'sbooksandnewspapers3.较复杂的分数的读法为“基数词分子+over+基数词分母”。带分数的读法是在整数与分数之间加读and。28527twenty-sevenovertwohundredandeighty-five215fiveandahalf546sixandfourfifths(四)其他数的表达1.小数的读法:小数点前的基数词与前面所讲的基数词读法完全相同,小数点读作“point”,小数点后只需将数字一一读出。15.67读作________________________0.009读作zeropointzerozeroninefifteenpointsixseven2.百分数的读法:先读基数词,再读百分号“%”(读作percent)。5%读作fivepercent0.5%读作_____________________200%读作______________________zeropointfivepercenttwohundredpercent3.年代的读法为两位、两位地读。整百的后读hundred,整千的后读thousand,前常加“theyear”。1937读作nineteenthirtyseven或:nineteenhundredandthirtyseven1900年读作nineteenhundred1905年读作nineteenand(或o)five或:nineteenhundredandfive2000年读作theyeartwothousand4.表示公元后在年份前或后加AD/,eI'diː/皆可,公元前一律在年份后加BC/,biː'ciː/。表几十年代时,前加the,后加's或s。from200BCto500AD/AD500从公元前200年到公元后500年inthe1960's或1960s(读作nineteensixties)二十世纪六十年代5.年、月、日的英语顺序为“月,日,年”。“日”用序数词读和写(有时也可用基数词);“日”读在“月”前时要加读“of”。July7(th),20052005年7月7日读作:Julytheseventhtwothousandandfive或theseventhofJulytwothousandandfiveTodayisThursday,September19th.今天星期四,9月19日。7.一些数学公式的读法:“加”用plus/and,“减”用minus,“乘”用times,“除”用dividedby,动词多用单数,如:3+5=8读作:9-2=7读作:6×5=30读作:8÷4=2读作:Threeplus/andfiveiseight.Nineminustwoisseven.Fivetimessixisthirty.Eightdividedbyfouristwo.1.Now,everybody,pleaseturntoPage________andlookatthe________picture.A.Fifth;fiveB.Five;fifthC.Fifth;fifthD.Five;five练一练2.—Doyouhaveenoughstudentstocleanthelaboratory?—No,Ithinkweneed________students.A.anotherB.twoothersC.moretwoD.twomore3.ThegovernmentofChongqingisbuilding________cheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandofD.thousandsof4.Nowadays________ofbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish.A.twothirdB.twothirdsC.twothreeD.secondthree5.—David,howoldisyourfatherthisyear?—________.Andwejusthadaspecialpartyforhis_______birthdaylastweekend.A.Fortieth;fortyB.Forty;fortyC.Forty;fortiethD.Fortieth;fortieth6.Nearly________oftheearth______coveredbysea.A.threefourth;isB.threefourths;isC.threefourth;areD.threefourths;are7.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisaboutnine________.________ofthemareboys.A.hundred;TwothirdsB.hundred;TwothirdC.hundreds;TwothirdsD.hundreds;TwothirdThankyou!数词定义:表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词。数词有两种:*表示数目多少的数词叫做基数词,如:one,two,three...,ninetyfour等;*表示顺序先后的
本文标题:初中英语语法—数词
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