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Grammar非谓语动词解题步骤&考点分析非谓语动词有三种:todov-ingdone特点是不能单独作句子谓语;考试解题第一步:看句子中是已经有谓语,有谓语才选择非谓语,否则选择动词作谓语。1.Thepicture____onthewallispaintedbymynephew.(ishanging;hangs;hanging)2.____thenewjuice,andyouwilllikeit.(Try;Trying;totry)3.Mostoftheartists____tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.(invited;inviting;wasinvited,tobeinvited)非谓非★★★★非谓语动词的特点-ing现在分词表示主动或者正在进行-ed过去分词表示被动或者是完成-todo不定式表示目的和将要所以解题第二步:看看分词中的动词与它的逻辑主语之间是主谓关系(主动)还是动宾关系(被动关系),主谓关系选现在分词,动宾关系选过去分词。逻辑主语大多数为主句中的主语。请看例题:1.____thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.(2010上海)A.ApproachingB.ApproachedC.ToapproachD.Tobeapproached解析:考察现在分词作状语,表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语,因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。A[高考真题]2.____anotherchance,thecleverboywillsucceed.A.GivingB.TogiveC.GivenD.Havinggiven解析:主语(thecleverboy)与动词give之间存在动宾关系(givetheboychance/theboywasgiventhechance),故用Given作条件状语。C动词不定式的基本形式主动语态被动语态一般式进行式完成式tobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式tohavebeendoingtodo(1).todo表示与谓语动词同时或之后发生Iwanttohavearest.Ibelievehimtobeanexpert.(2).tobedoing与谓语动词同时发生Hepretendedtobesleepingwhenhismothercamein.(3).tohavedone发生在谓语动词之前I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.(4).tohavebeendoing表示动作在谓语动词之前就已经发生,并且一直进行着Heissaidtohavebeenworkinginthatfactoryfortwelveyears.不定式中的“时态”动词的v-ing的基本形式主动形式被动形式一般式完成式doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone动词的v-ing中的“时态”(1).v-ing的一般式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作同时或之后Goingdownthetown,Imetafriend.Shedreamsofbecomingateacher.(2).v-ing的完成式表示的动作,发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前Hewaspraisedforhavingdoneagooddeed.Havingbeengivenagoodchance,hedidn’tcherishitatall.非谓语与谓语,哪个先发生?非谓语解题第三步:看选择的非谓语动词是否发生在主句谓语动词之前,如果发生在谓语动词之前,要用tohavedone/havingdone等形式。例如:HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididn’ttakemuchnotice.因为我在夏威夷曾经经历过多次地震,所以对这种声音我并不在意。3.Dina,____formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.(2010湖南)A.strugglingB.struggledC.havingstruggledD.tostruggle解析:该空是分词短语作时间状语,其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系,故排除B项。由剧中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语tookaposition之前,故用现在分词的完成主动式。C4.Doyouwakeupeverymorning______energeticandreadytostartanewday?(2011湖南)A.feelB.tofeelC.feelingD.felt解析:分析句子结构可知,此处为分词短语作为伴随状语,再根据主语you和feel的主动关系可知此处用现在分词短语,故正确答案为C。其它考点1-伴随状语如何理解伴随状语?Istoodthere,waitingforher.(=…,andwaitedforher.)FollowingMike,theystartedtoclimb.Thechildrenlaughedandtalkedmerrily,andtheyranoutoftheroom.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.例题(2009年辽宁)Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycame______back.A.floodingB.tofloodC.floodD.flooded选择A朗文词典原句Agreatsenseofrelieffloodedoverhim.其它考点2-分词的否定动词-ing形式的否定式是在其前面加not,如果它用了助动词构成完成式或被动式,就在助动词前面加not。如:Notknowinghistelephonenumber,Icouldn’tringhim.Nothavingbeeninformedofthemeeting,Ifailedtoattendit.其它考点3-逻辑主语的反面考察6.Findinghercarstolen,_____.A.apolicewasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapoliceforhelpD解析:这道题从反面考查逻辑主语,考查规律是分词中的动词与逻辑主语的关系以及逻辑主语多为主句的主语两点,既然用了finding,说明主句的主语与find之间是主谓(主动的关系)。独立主格结构n./pron.+doing/done/todoWeatherpermitting,we’llgotothepark.WithsomanypeoplecommunicatinginEnglisheveryday,it’llbecomemoreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.Withthelastbushavinggone,wehadtowalkhome.Allflights(havingbeen)canceled,manypassengerscoulddonothingbuttakethetrain.独立主格结构n./pron.+doing/done/todoThedoorunlocked,hewentout.(独立主格结构)Theshopclosed,theywenttoanotherone.Withallthemoneyspent,Jackstartedlookingforwork.Themanagersatquietlyintheoffice,withhiseyesclosed.独立主格结构n./pron.+doing/done/todoThemanagerlooksworried,manythingstosettle.Themanagerlooksrelaxed,manythingssettled.Weatherpermitting,we’llgotothepark.1.当动词-ing形式作状语时,可与引导相应状语从句的连词连用,以明示属什么状语。Whenlandingontheisland,theyfoundsomelocalpeoplewelcomingthem.Hemovedhislipsasifsayingsomething.2.当动词-ing形式作方式状语时,可与by连用。Welearnaforeignlanguagebycorrectingmistakeswhileusingit.其它考点5-连词与动词-ing形式短语连用作状语在句首时,有时可以和when,unless,once,while,if,though等连词连用。其它考点6—固定用法有些v-ing短语已成为固定的惯用语,常被看作句子的插入语,常见的有:generallyspeaking一般说来strictly/honestly/frankly/roughly/broadly/speaking严格地/诚实地/坦白地/粗略地/泛泛地说talkingof/about..谈到……considering…考虑到……/鉴于……judgingfrom/by…根据……判断takingall/everythingintoconsideration从各方面考虑allowingfor…考虑到
本文标题:非谓语动词解题步骤及考点
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