元宝山600MW机组过热汽温自动控制

沈阳工业大学毕业设计（论文）-II-AbstractThelarge-scalethermoelectricpowerstationboilersuperheatedtemperaturetothepowerplantsecurityeconomymovementhastheimportantinfluence,usuallyrequestsittomaintainin±5℃thescope.Butadvocatesthevaportemperaturegenerallytobepossibletoconsiderastoallowtodistributetheparametertocontroltheobject(itsdynamiccharacteristicdescriptiongenerallytobepossibletousetoallowinertialinktoexpress),(stepleapperturbation)theresultmayseethroughitsdynamiccharacteristicexperiment,thisobjecthastheobviouslagcharacteristic,thereforequiteisdifficulttothisobjectcontrol.Thereasonmainlyhas:(1)becausecraftcharacteristicdecisionalllevelsofsuperheatingtubesroadlonger,createsthehoststeamtoheatreduceswarmtoitscontrolinputsprayingofwaterreducesthelukewarmwaterquantitychangeresponsetobeslower;(2)theboilerburningoperatingmodeisunstable,thehazesideperturbationfrequentalsoharassesthemomentuminabigway,affectsthehostvaportemperaturechangetobequicker;(3)exteriorperturbation(forexamplehoststeamcurrentcapacityundulation,hoststeampressureundulation,steamseparatorwaterlevelundulation,forwatertemperatureandcurrentcapacitychange,steaminvestmentandsoon)changesfrequentalsoharassesthemomentumtobebigger,warmcausesthehoststeamnottobeabletostabilizeforalongtime;(4)becauseparameternotwhencausesone,twolevelsspurtsthewatervolumenottomatch,causestospurtinthewatervolumetoharassinabigway,createdthehoststeamtoheatinoutsideharassescomparesthehourstilltodeviatesupposesthedefinitevaluetobebigger.Therefore,inviewofabovesituationdesignmainsteamwarmcontrolsystemoutside,bothrequeststothehazesideperturbationandtheloadundulationandsoonisbiggerharasseshastheenoughquickadjustmentspeed,simultaneouslyandrequeststoreduceinthelukewarmwatertoharass(forexampleone,twolevelsspurtswatervolumenottomatch)hasthestrongersuppressionability,thusenablethesystemtohavetheenoughstabilityandthegoodcontrolquality,andcanguaranteethesystemmovementthesecurity.Theconventionalvaportemperaturecontrolplanapproximatelymaydivideintotwokinds:Onekindisthecascadecontrolfront,anotherkindleadsthesteamwarmdifferentialsignalcontrol.Consideredthecontrolplanmayimplementandmaytheapplication,hasusedthecascadecontrolstrategy,levelofsprayingofwaterreducedinthewarmcontroltojointhesteamcurrentcapacity,feed-forwardcontrolsignalandsoonfuelquantityinstruction,shiftedtoanearliertimecompensatestheperturbationtothesystemtheinfluence.Reduceswarmintwolevelsofsprayingofwatercentertakestwosideserrorsignal,usesalinkandtheproportionintegrallinkachievementcompensatesthesignal,spurtsthewatervolumetoatemperaturehighsideincrease,spurtsthewatervolumetoatemperaturelowsidereduction,likethisbothguaranteedalwaysspurtsthewatervolumebasicallytobeinvariable,andcanguaranteetwosidesthedeviationsnotasforoversized,thusreducesthehostvaportemperaturetheundulation,theimprovementsystemcontrolperformance.KeyWordssteamsuperheattemperature,seriescontrol,smithpredictivecontrol元宝山600MW机组过热汽温自动控制-III-目录中文摘要……………..…………………………………….……..……….….………………...IAbstract……………………………………………..………………..…………..……………….II目录…………………………………………………………………………………...…………Ⅲ1引言…………………..….…………………………………………….….…………………..11.1过热汽温控制的意义和任务..........................……………….…………….………..……11.2过热汽温控制对象的动态特性…………………………………………………………..12600MW机组过热汽温自动控制……..…..….…………………………………..…………….62.1系统综述…………………………………………………………………………………..62.2过热汽温串级控制系统的构成…………………………………………………………..72.3系统的分析………………………………………………………………………………...72.4过热汽温分段控制系统…………………………………………………………………...82.5控制方案……………………….………………….…………………………...……….....93控制系统硬件设计及软件组态………………………………………………………….…..103.1INFI-90系统概述…………………………………………………………………………103.2软件组态…………………………………………………………………………………114系统分析………………………………………………………………………………...……134.1系统图说明………………………………………………………………………………134.2组态图说明………………………………………………………………………………154.3组态图的输入……………………………………………………………………………164.4功能码介绍………………………………………………………………………………175系统的MATLAB仿真.................................................................................................................205.1MATLAB简介……………………………………………………………………………205.2SIMULINK简介………………………………………………………………………….205.3系统的仿真……………………………………………………………………………….21结论………….………….……………………..….……...………..….………..........................23致谢.………………….……………………..…….…………...……………………..………….24参考文献.…………….…………………..….…..……………….……………………………...25附录……………………..…………….…..…...…………………….………………….…….…26A1.1元宝山600MW机组过热汽温自动控制SAMA图……………………………………………..26A1.2元宝山600MW机组过热汽温自动控制组态图……………………..……..…………....26沈阳工业大学毕业设计（论文）-IV-元宝山600MW机组过热汽温自动控制-1-1引言1.1过热汽温控制的意义与任务锅炉过热蒸汽温度是影响锅炉生产过程安全性和经济性的重要参数。现代锅炉的过热器是在高温、高压的条件下工作，虽然过热器采用的是耐高温、高压的合金材料，但为了节约制造成本，过热器正常运行时的温度已接近材料所允许的最高温度。如果过热蒸汽温度过高，容易烧坏过热器，引起过热器爆管事故，影响机组的安全运行；如果过热蒸汽温度过低，将会降低全厂的热效率，一般蒸汽温度每降低５～１０℃，热效率约降低１％，不仅增加燃料消耗量，浪费能源，而且还将使汽轮机最后几级的蒸汽湿度增加，加速汽轮机叶片的水蚀。所以，过热蒸汽温度过高或过低都是生产过程所不允许的。为了保证过热蒸汽的品质和生产过程的安全性、经济性，过热蒸汽温度必须通过自动化手段加以控制。因此，过热蒸汽温度的控制任务是：维持过热器出口蒸汽温度在生产允许的范围内，一般要求过热蒸汽温度的偏差不超过额定值（给定值）的±５～１０℃。1.2过热汽温控制对象的动态特性影响过热器出口蒸汽温度变化的原因很多，如蒸汽流量变化、燃烧工况变化、锅炉给水温度变化、进入过热器的蒸汽温度变化、流经过热器的烟气温度和流速变化、锅炉受热面结构等。但归纳起来，主要有三个方面：1.2.1蒸汽流量（负荷）扰动下过热汽温对象的动态特性当锅炉负荷扰动时，蒸汽流量的变化使沿整个过热器管路长度上各点的蒸汽流速几乎同时改变，从而改变过热器的对流放热系数，使过热器各点的蒸汽温度几乎同