11 定语从句

高中语法综合复习全解11AttributiveClauseDotheexercisesindividually,andthencheckyouranswerswithyourpartners.考点题例1.Thetime________IfirstmetMr.Whitewasadifficultperiodofmylife.2.Beijing,_______isthecapitalofChina,isaverybeautifulcity.3.LoriisgoingtomarryMark,______shedoesnotlove.4.Mr.Pattis,in_______officeMsKingwasworking,wasverysurprisedwhenhefoundouthersecret.5.Thisisthefactory______________myfatherworked.whenwhichwhomwhosewhere/inwhich5.Theexactyear_____________AngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.(2014安徽，22)6.Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,_____________theweathermaybebetter.(2016天津，9)7.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland_______________wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.(2013山东，35)8.Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmosphere__________hisemployeesenjoytheirwork.(2015天津，15)that/whichwhenthat/whichwhere考点梳理Mum,thisisKate,whoIknewinParis.Shanghaiisacity(that)I’vealwayswantedtovisit.限制性定语从句中，从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语。如果关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词通常可以省略。非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加补充说明,从句和主句在书写时往往用逗号分开。定语从句的种类先行词限制性定语从句关系代词先行词非限制性定语从句关系代词,关系代词的用法先行词在从句中作主语在从句中作宾语在从句中作定语指代人who/thatwhom/who/thatwhose指代物which/thatwhich/thatwhose/ofwhich关系代词的用法关系副词的用法先行词关系副词在从句中充当的句子成分指地点where地点状语指时间when时间状语指原因why原因状语注：关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。关系副词的用法举一反三为下列句子填上合适的关系词。Thisisthecollege__________Ivisited.that/whichThisisthecollege_________Istudiedthreeyearsago.whereI’llneverforgettheday__________wespenttogether.that/whichI’llneverforgettheday_______IwenttoShanghai.when解析：对于同一个先行词，要确定是用关系代词还是用关系副词，关键是要弄清楚关系词在定语从句中担任什么成分。如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，就是关系代词；如果关系词作状语，就是关系副词，口语用法除外。1.只用who不用that的情况Anyonewholaughslastlaughsbest.Nowordsarestrongenoughtoexpressourthankstothosewhoworkedhardtorescuesurvivorsintheearthquake.ImetagirlinblueyesterdaywhogrewupinwesternYunnanprovince.①先行词是one,ones，anyone等不定代词和those时②当先行词有较长后置定语时Theboythatyoumetlastnightisthegroupleaderwhostudiesveryhard.Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyourfather.③一个句子中带有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个用who。④在therebe开头的句子中只用that的情况Hetalkedabouttheschoolsandteachersthathehadvisited.Wehaven’tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.Thisisthebestwaythathasbeenusedagainstpollution.②先行词是all,much,few,little,any,no,something,nothing,none等不定代词时③先行词有形容词最高级修饰时①先行词既有人又有物时2.which和thatThisisthethirdtimethattheyhavemet.ThisistheveryroomthatIsleptinthatevening.Editionbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.④先行词有序数词修饰时或theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时⑤有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个宜用that3.whose的用法whose是who的所有格形式,可以指代人或物,当指人时，相当于ofwhom;当指代物时，相当于ofwhich,whose可以引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。(1)DoyouknowPeterwhosefatherhappenstobeworkinginyourcompany?(2)Xi’an,whosewallsremainasgoodasbefore,isoneofthefewcitieswithcitywalls.举一反三1.Youlooksohappy.Canyoutellusfrom_______youheard.2.Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose________aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.(2013湖南，21)3.Ilivenextdoortoacouple__________childrenoftenmakealotofnoise.(2016北京，22)4.Pleasesendusalltheinformation__________youhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.(2014陕西，13)whomwhowhosethat(1)Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.(2)Salesdirectorisapositionwherecommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.当先行词为抽象模糊的地点名词如situation,case,stage,point,position等,要用关系副词where.4.where(1)Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.(for与从句中的ask构成固定搭配)(2)ThisisthebookinwhichIaminterested.(beinterestedin为形容词搭配)(3)Aninvestigationwasmadeintotheaccident,inwhichfiftypeoplewerekilled.介词+关系代词引导定语从句，介词的选择通常从三个方面考虑，一是主从句的逻辑关系;二是动词短语搭配,三是形容词搭配。5.介词+关系代词有些关系副词可以和介词+关系代词替换，其中when=表示时间的介词(in,at,on,during等)+which,where=表示地点的介词(in,at,on,under等)+which,why=表示原因的介词(for)+which(1)Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewasabsent?Doyouknowthereasonforwhichhewasabsent?(2)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstcametoBeijing.(1)Manyyoungpeople,mostofwhomwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.(2016江苏，23)(2)Thisisthehouse,thewindowofwhichbrokelastnight.注意:名词/代词/数词+of+whom/which引导的非限制性定语从句。whose+n.(人/物)=the+n.+ofwhom/which=ofwhom/which+the+n.(=whosewindow=ofwhichthewindow)举一反三1.Ishallalwaysremembertheday_________whichIfirstmetyou.A.inB.onC.aboutD.for2.Inthischapter,oneofourproblemsistodiscovertheprinciples_________thesetestsarebased.A.inwhichB.whereC.onwhichD.bywhich3.Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof_____________arefamilymembers.(2013重庆，24)4.Inourclassthereare46students,half__________wearglasses.(2012四川，13)ofwhomwhom(1)Hedidn’ttellmeanynews,_________upsetme.(2)_______isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.(3)_______weknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.6.as和which引导非限制性定语从句在非限制性定语从句中，as和which都可以指代整个句子，as可以放在主句之前或之后,which引导的定语从句，指代整个句子时不能放在主句之前。as/whichAsAs(1)Wehavefoundsuchmaterials______areusedintheirfactory.(2)Ihavethesamebook______hehas.(3)Thisbookisnotsuch______Iexpect.注意:as也可引导限制性定语从句①当先行词前有such,thesame修饰，且从句为限制性定语从句时，关系代词用as。②当such作先行词，指代前面的名词，且从句为限制性定语从句时，关系代词用as。asasas举一反三1.Thenumberofsmokers,_________isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.(2015江苏，21)2.ChinaDailyattractsaworldwidereadership,__________showsthatmoreandmorepeople