2015中考英语语法动词短语及词义辨析专题总复习高品质版

专题9动词短语及词义辨析专题9动词短语及词义辨析┃考点直击┃【考纲解读】考点课标要求命题预测动词短语掌握动词短语的构成及意义，能熟练使用动词短语。重点考查“动词＋副词”短语和“动词＋介词”短语。动词词义辨析掌握常用动词的词义。重点考查动词的词义辨析。专题9动词短语及词义辨析1动词短语◆动词＋副词1．bringout拿出来；使表现出2．blowout吹灭3．cleanup清扫；收拾干净4．cheerup使高兴起来；使振作专题9动词短语及词义辨析5．comeback/goback回来/回去6．comeround苏醒；短暂访问7．comeout(花)开；出来；出版8．comeover过来；顺便来访9．checkout核实，调查10．eatup吃光11．fallbehind落后专题9动词短语及词义辨析12．falldown跌倒13．giveback归还14．getback取回15．getover克服16．geton/off上车/下车17．growup长大18．giveaway捐赠；分发专题9动词短语及词义辨析19．giveup放弃20．hurryup赶快21．lookout小心22．lookup查找23．lookaround环顾四周，到处看24．putdown放下；记下25．putaway收拾好专题9动词短语及词义辨析26．puton穿上27．putup举起；张贴28．putoff推迟29．putout扑灭；熄灭30．pickup捡起；(开车)接人31．runaway逃跑，逃走32．slowdown减缓，减速专题9动词短语及词义辨析33．setoff出发，动身34．turnon/off打开/关上35．turnup/down调大/调小36．takeout取出37．thinkover考虑38．takeoff脱下；起飞39．takeaway拿走专题9动词短语及词义辨析40．workout算出41．writedown记下42．wakeup唤醒专题9动词短语及词义辨析[提示]若动副短语后接的宾语是名词，那么该名词既可以放在两词中间，也可以放在副词后面；如果宾语是代词，则只能放在两词中间。且代词用宾格形式如：You'dbetterpickthestudentsup/pickupthestudentsbefore7:00.你最好在7点前开车接这些学生们。专题9动词短语及词义辨析【典例1】—It'shottoday,isn'tit?—Yes,itis.Whynot________yourcoat.A．takeplaceB．takeoutC．takeafterD．takeoff[答案]D专题9动词短语及词义辨析【典例2】—Theseproblemsaretoohardto________.Willyougivemesomeadvice?—Therearemanyways,butthemostimportantistohaveacarefulplan.A．workoutB．lookoutC．handoutD．putout[答案]A专题9动词短语及词义辨析◆动词＋介词1．arriveat/in到达……2．askfor寻求，索要3．agreewith同意……4．belongto属于5．dependon依靠，依赖6．falloff跌落专题9动词短语及词义辨析7．feedon以……为食8．getto到达9．getup起床10．hearof听说11．hearfrom收到某人的来信12．help…with…在(某方面)帮助(某人)13．knockat/on敲(门、窗)专题9动词短语及词义辨析14．lookfor寻找15．lookafter照看；照顾16．looklike看上去像……17．lookover(仔细)检查18．listento听……19．laughat嘲笑20．stop…from…阻止……做……专题9动词短语及词义辨析21．talkto/with对……说，和……谈话22．talkabout谈论23．thinkof想起24．waitfor等候25．payfor为……付钱专题9动词短语及词义辨析【典例3】Canyouhelpmeto________mydogwhenI'mawayonholiday?A．lookafterB．lookforC．lookatD．looklike[答案]A专题9动词短语及词义辨析◆动词＋名词1．doone'shomework做作业2．do/tryone'sbest尽某人最大的努力3．goboating/swimming/shopping去划船/去游泳/去购物4．haveacold/acough/aheadache患感冒/咳嗽/头痛5．haveatry尝试；努力6．havealook看一看专题9动词短语及词义辨析7．havearest休息8．havebreakfast/lunch/supper吃早/午/晚餐9．havefun玩得高兴10．holdasportsmeeting举行运动会11．makeadecision作出决定12．makeamistake/mistakes犯错误13．makeanoise吵闹专题9动词短语及词义辨析14．makefaces做鬼脸15．makefriends交朋友16．makemoney赚钱17．playchess下国际象棋18．taketurns轮流19．takephotos照相20．takeone'stime不着急，慢慢来专题9动词短语及词义辨析【典例4】Allofussometimes________andnobodyisperfect.A．makefriendsB．makemoneyC．makemistakesD．makeanoise[答案]C专题9动词短语及词义辨析◆动词＋副词＋介词1．catchupwith赶上2．comeupwith找到答案；想出解决办法3．dowellin在某方面做得好4．getonwellwith与……相处融洽5．lookforwardto盼望；期待专题9动词短语及词义辨析【典例5】—I'msureyou'll________abetterwaytosolvetheproblem.—Thankyou,Mr.Zhang.I'llworkharder.A．getonwithB．comeupwithC．goonwithD．catchupwith[解析]B专题9动词短语及词义辨析◆动词＋名词＋介词1．takecareof照顾2．givethanksto向……致谢3．payattentionto注意4．saygoodbye/hello/sorryto向……道别/打招呼/道歉专题9动词短语及词义辨析【典例6】Ourteacherletsus________thesewordsbecausetheyareveryimportant.A．forgetB．payattentiontoC．toforgetD．topayattentionto[答案]B专题9动词短语及词义辨析◆动词十其他1．cometrue实现2．makesure确保3．enjoyoneself玩得愉快4．helponeselfto随便享用5．takeiteasy放松专题9动词短语及词义辨析【典例7】Annissocarefulthatshealwaysgoesoverherexercisesto________therearenomistakes.A．lookforB．makesureC．findoutD．pickup[答案]B专题9动词短语及词义辨析2动词词义辨析动词的词义辨析是近年来安徽中考考查的重点，旨在通过不同的语言环境考查学生正确理解上下文、准确运用动词的能力。在解答此类试题时要根据句意和语境来辨析，通过正确理解句意，比较不同选项的意义及用法来选出符合逻辑的选项。专题9动词短语及词义辨析【典例8】—Thescientists________twomonthssearchingthewoodsforthestrangebird.—Whatanexcitingexperiment!A.tookB.costC.stayedD.spent[解析]Dtake表示“花费”，常用于“Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.”句型中；cost表示“花费”，主语必须是物；stay意为“保持；停留”；spend表示“花费”，常用于“sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth./(in)doingsth.”句型中。根据句意及主语Thescientists可知选D。专题9动词短语及词义辨析【典例9】He________anEnglishclublastyearandhasimprovedhisEnglishalot.A.protectedB.producedC.joinedD.received[解析]Cprodect意为“保护”，produce意为“生产”，join意为“参加”，receive意为“收到”。句意：他去年参加了一个英语俱乐部，英语水平有了很大的提高。故选C。专题9动词短语及词义辨析┃考点过关┃Ⅰ.单项填空()1.2014·安徽Astime________，you'llcometothinkofEnglishasyourfriendandloveit.A．goesbyB．runsoutC．takesoffD．turnsupA专题9动词短语及词义辨析()2.2014·安徽Idon't________theheat,forI'musedtohotweather.A．likeB．mindC．knowD．standB根据“我习惯于热天气”可知这里的意思是“我不介意这个热度”。mind意为“介意”。专题9动词短语及词义辨析()3.2014·安徽Rosefinishedherstudyintheuniversityandwentto________agoodjob.A．takeafterB．lookafterC．careforD．searchforD专题9动词短语及词义辨析()4.2014·安徽Heisanhonestboy.Ihavenoreasonto________whathesaid.A．hearB．doubtC．repeatD．believeB句意：他是一个诚实的男孩。我没有理由去怀疑他所说的话。doubt意为“怀疑”。专题9动词短语及词义辨析()5.2013·安徽IwillmeetJaneatthestation.Please________whattimeshewillarrive.A．countB．chooseC．checkD．catchC句意：我将到车站接Jane，请核实一下她什么时候到。check意为“检查；核实”。专题9动词短语及词义辨析Ⅱ.根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺1．2014·安徽I'mafraidwehavetoc________(取消)themeeting.2．2014·安徽Bobhasmanystorybooksandheoftens________(分享)themwithhisfriends.3．2013·安徽Travelingbyplaneisexpensive,butits________(节省)time.ancelharesaves专题9动词短语及词义辨析4．2013·安徽It'spolitetok________(敲)onthedoorbeforeenteringaroom.5．2014·合肥包河区—模Ihavew________(警告)themthattheremightbesnakesinthewoods.nockarned专题9动词短语及词义辨析()1.2014·安庆—模—Whydon'tyou________yourhomeworkontime?—Ilookedaftermybabysisterlastnightandforgottodoit.A．makeupB．handinC．dooverD．handout语法专