译林牛津版高中英语必修四Unit1Direct-speech-and-reported-speech

publisheramazedseniordesignerrecommendpurchasebest-sellern.出版商,出版公司adj.大为惊奇adj.年长的;资历较深的,地位(或等级)较高的n.设计者，设计师vt.推荐vt.购买n.畅销书，畅销品WordspreviewT:Whatdidyoueatthismorning?S1:Iate…T:WhatdidS1say,S2?S2:S1saidhe/shehadeaten…directspeechreportedspeechShesaid,‘ChinahasbeenusingPSAstoeducatepeople.’ShesaidChinahadbeenusingPSAstoeducatepeople.reportedspeechdirectspeechWhat’rethedifferencesbetweendirectspeechandreportedspeech?Differencesdirectspeechreportedspeech◆Toreportwhatexactlyhasbeensaid◆Thewordsusuallyappearinquotationmarks◆Toreportthemeaningofwhathasbeensaidwithoutusingtheexactwords◆NoquotationmarksHowtochangedirectspeechintoreportedspeecha.Changewhathasbeensaidtoanobjectclauseoraninfinitivephrase;b.Changepersonalpronouns;c.Changetenses;d.Changeadverbialsoftimeandplace;e.Othercases.Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.Hesaidtome,“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.Changepersonalpronouns:Isaidtoher,“Ihavedonemybest.”ItoldherthatIhaddonemybest.DirectspeechReportedspeechDirectspeechReportedspeechSimplepresentSimplefuturePresentcontinuousPastperfectSimplepastPresentcontinuousPresentperfectPastcontinuousPastperfectPastperfectFutureinthepastPastperfectPastcon-tinuousThechangesofthetensesSimplepastPractice:Changethefollowingsentencesintoreportedspeech.1.‘Ihaven’tbroughtmydictionary,’thestudentsaid.2.Tomsaidtothem,‘Iwillgetexcited.’3.Myfathersaidtome,‘Iamreadingthebook.’Thestudentsaidthathehadn’tbroughthisdictionary.Tomtoldthemthathewouldgetexcited.Myfathertoldmethathewasreadingthebook.1.Personalpronounsandtenses;2.Adverbialsoftimeandplace;Hesaid,‘Ilostakeyhereyesterday.’Hesaidthathehadlostakeytherethedaybefore/thepreviousday.‘Ireadthebookhereaweekago,’Janesaidtohim.Janetoldhimthatshehadreadthebookthereaweekbefore.Whatshouldwepayattentionto?DirectspeechReportedspeechnowthentodaythatday/yesterday/onWednesday,etc.tomorrowthenextday/thefollowingday/onThursday,etc.yesterdaythedaybefore/thepreviousday/onTuesday,etc.nextmonththemonthafter/thefollowingmonth/inJuly,etc.aweekagoaweekbefore/aweekearlier,etc.Practice:Changethefollowingsentencesintoreportedspeech.1.‘Iwillcomeandseeyouagainnextweek,Tom,’hesaid.2.‘IsawTomlastnight,’shesaid.3.Thedoctorsaidtothepatient,‘Youwillhavetowaittill3pmtomorrow.’HetoldTomthathewouldgoandseehimagainthefollowingweek.Shesaidthatshe’dseenTomthenightbefore.Thedoctortoldthepatientthathewouldhavetowaittill3pmthenext/followingday.DirectspeechReportedspeechthisthatthesethoseheretherecomegobringtake1.Personalpronounsandtense;2.Adverbialsoftimeandplace;3.Othercases.Whatelseshouldwepayattentionto?Shesaid,“I’llcomehereagaintonight.”Shesaidshewouldgothereagainthatnight.Hesaid,“Iwantthis.”Hesaidthathewantedthat.MaysaidtoTom,“I’llbringsomephotosheretoyoutomorrow.”MaytoldTomshewouldtakesomephotostheretohimthenextday.由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:1.不变的真理Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.”→Theteachertoldthestudentsthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.2.经常的习惯：Hesaidtothedoctor,“Ismoketwopackseveryday.”→Hetoldthedoctorthathesmokestwopackseveryday.3.历史事件：Theteachersaid,“WorldWarIIendedin1945.”→TheteachersaidthatWorldWarIIendedin1945.4.部分情态动词,如must,oughtto,usedto,hadbetter等：Shesaidtome:“Youmusthurryup.”→ShesaidthatImusthurryup.Exercise:Page9Possibleanswers:(1)was(2)wouldnbe(3)hadread(4)that(5)would(6)hadbought(7)that(8)would(9)those(10)herHowtousereportedspeechtoreport:statementsquestionsimperativesentences1.陈述句:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriends.SarahsaidtoherfriendsthatIdon’tlikecomputers.tolddidn’tsheSarahtoldherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomputers.Todsaid(that)therewasn’tanytroubleandthathewaswaitingforhischange.注意:当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时,仅能省略第一个that,其余的不能省略。Todsaid,“Thereisn’tanytroubleandI’mwaitingformychange(零钱)”.2.一般疑问句:Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimifItiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.askediswasTheyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.3.特殊疑问句：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaskedhimwhenyouharvestthewheatyouharvestthewheat.heharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.harvestedToreportimperativesentences,weusethestructure:reportingverb+object+(not)+to-infinitive‘Don’tworry,Mickey,’Jensaid.JenaskedMickeynottoworry.*otherverbscanbeusedinthisstructure‘Don’tbelieveeveryadyouread,’Lilysaidtome.LilyadvisedmenottobelieveeveryadIread.reportingverbobject(not)to-infinitiveadviseencourageinviteremindwarn4.祈使句：直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)陈述句Janesaid,“I’mveryfondoftraveling.”that引导的名词性从句Janesaidthatshewasveryfondoftraveling.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般疑问句“Isthisyourumbrella,Mary?”askedJohn.whether/if引导的名词性从句JohnaskedMaryifthatwasherumbrella.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)特殊疑问句“Mary,whenwillyoureturnmethebook?”askedJohn.wh-词引导的名词性从句JohnaskedMarywhenshewouldreturnhimthebook.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)祈使句Theofficersaidtohim,“Don’tleaveyourpost.”不定式Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)Let’s开头的祈使句Isaidtohim,“Let’sstartatonce.”that引导的名词性从句Isuggestedtohimthatwe(should