利用农业废弃物处理重金属离子废水的研究进展-李灵香玉

,,,(,　310029)　:,、、,。,,。,,,、、、、、、,。:;;;:X71　　　　　　　:A:1003-188X(2009)09-0209-060　,、、、、,。、、、、、、、、、、。,。,,,[1-2]。,,[3-4]。,、、、、[5-6]。,,、、。,,,,,[7]。,、、、。:2008-11-27:(2007C33052):(1983-),,,,(E-mail)[e-mail]。:(1964-),,,,,(E-mail)[e-mail]。,、、,、、[8-11]。,,、、、,。,、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、[12-16]。,,。,、、、、、、。1　。,、、、、、、,、、、,。:,、,·209·20099　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　9;,,、。,,。1.1　,。Brady[17],,。Crist[18],,。,2:、。1.2　。,(、、),、、。,、、[19]。[20]Co(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ)Zn(Ⅱ)-OH、-CONH。,,、。1.3　。、、,。2　LangmuirFreundlich,[21]q=qmax×B×Ceq1+bCed(1)　q—;　Ceq—;　qmax—;　b—。q=KF×C1/neq(2)　KF,n—、。L;F。AksuHo[22-23]:LangmuirFreundlich。,RedlichPeterson[23-24]LF,Redlich-Peterson,3,Q=KR×Ce1+aR×Cβe(3),KR,aRβ3,β0～1。β=1,(3)L;β=0,(3)Henry′s。HoMckay[25]Pb(Ⅱ)Redlich-Peterson,。3　,。、。,、、、、、、。,,、,。3.1　,,、、、,,。,,。Osvaldo[26]·210·20099　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　9Pb(Ⅱ),30g/LPb200mg/L,1h,Pb125mg/g。FarajzadehIqbal[27-28],pH=5,Pb(Ⅱ),62mg/g50mg/g。,Torresdey,IqbalNoeline[29-31],、Pb(Ⅱ),,43mg/g2.5mg/g。,,,、、Pb(Ⅱ),[32-34]。Pb(Ⅱ)1。1　Pb(Ⅱ)Tab.1　VarietyofagriculturalwastematerialsfortheremovalofLead(Ⅱ)/mg·g-1/g·L-1/mg·L-1/℃/minpH125.030.0200605～662.040.0302520550.010.0102530543.05.0625537.010.05020203～411.45.0100256059.51.010020.560/8.610.0506012052.52.510306063.2　、,,、、、、、,6。,,,,。,Cd(Ⅱ),30g/L,Cd(Ⅱ)140mg/g[26]。,Saeed,Iqbal,BenaissaFarajzadeh[27-28,35-36]、、Cd(Ⅱ),90,40,21.6,21mg/g。,Cd(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ),40.5mg/g7.1mg/g[29-30,36-37]。Ajmal[32],Cd(Ⅱ),44mg/g,,20min。Cd(Ⅱ)2。2　Cd(Ⅱ)Tab.2　VarietyofagriculturalwastematerialsfortheremovalofCadmium(Ⅱ)/mg·g-1/g·L-1/mg·L-1/℃/minpH140.030200.0206～790.010100.02560544.01050.020203～440.55100.0240640.01010.02530521.65100.01805.621.0402.02520511.5510.060510.85100.0256057.1533.6553.3　:;。,,,,、、。,,。Kadirvelu[38]Ni(Ⅱ),pH=5,Ni(Ⅱ),40min62.5mg/g。,,、、、Ni(Ⅱ),35～12mg/g[27-28,32-39,40]。,Ni(Ⅱ),、、,6.9,6,3.4,0.2mg/·211·20099　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　9g[30-41,42-43]。,,。Ni(Ⅱ)3。3　Ni(Ⅱ)Tab.3　VarietyofagriculturalwastematerialsfortheremovalofNickel(Ⅱ)/mg·g-1/g·L-1/mg·L-1/℃/minpH62.50.2403040535.00.5100301440621.010.050.020203～420.010.01025±230515.0/3002530412.040.02025±32056.95.010025±26056.01.02525606～83.410.0823512030.250.025236053.4　、、、、、、,,。,,。Osvaldo[26]Cu(Ⅱ),,Cu(Ⅱ),30min110mg/g,Cu(Ⅱ)。,,Ajmal[32]Cu(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ)Mn(Ⅱ),45,44,32mg/g,。Iqbal[28]Zn(Ⅱ)Cu(Ⅱ),33.8,25.7mg/g。,Saeed[37]Cu(Ⅱ)Zn(Ⅱ),12.8mg/g8.5mg/g。IqbalShukla[30,42],。Farajzadeh[27]Cu(Ⅱ)15mg/g,Hg(Ⅱ),,Hg(Ⅱ)70mg/g。Cu(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ),Mn(Ⅱ)Hg(Ⅱ)4。4　Tab.4　Varietyofagriculturalwastematerialsfortheremovalothermetalions/mg·g-1/g·L-1/mg·L-1/℃/minpHCu110.030200305～6Cu45.0105020203～4Cu25.7101025305Cu15.0401025205Cu12.8510605Cu8.0510025605Cu4.21075351203Zn44105020203～4Zn33.8101025305Zn8.5510605Zn6.0510025605Zn3.51084351203Mn32.0105020203～4Hg70.040500252054　,,。、。,,,、,,。,、,。:[1]　Friberg,L.,Elinder,C.G.EncyclopediaofOccupationalHealth,thirded[M].Gemeva:InternationalLaborOrgani-zation,1985.[2]　Garg,U.K.,Kaur,M.P.,Garg,V.K.,etal.RemovalofhexavalentCrfromaqueoussolutionsbyagriculturalwastebi-omass[J].J.Hazard.Mater.,2007,140:60-68.[3]　Kjellstrom,T.,Shiroishi,K.,Erwin,P.E.Urinarybeta./sub2/-microglobulinexcretionamongpeopleexposedtocadmiuminthegeneralenvironment[J].Environ.Res.,1977,13:318-344.[4]　UpendraK.Agriculturalproductsandby-productsasalowcostadsorbentforheavymetalremovalfromwaterandwastewater:Areview[J].Sci.Res.Essay,2006,1(2):33·212·20099　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　9-37.[5]　Dean,J.G.,BosquiF.L.,LanouetteK.H.Removingheavymetalsfromwastewater[J].Environ,Sci.Technol.,1972(6):518-524.[6]　Namasivayam,C.,Ranganathan,K.RemovalofPb(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ)andNi(Ⅱ)andmixtureofmetalionsbyadsorptionontowasteFe(Ⅲ)/Cr(Ⅲ)hydroxideandfixedbedstudies[J].Environ.Technol.,1995,16:851-860.[7]　Reed,B.E.,Arunachalam,S.Useofgranularactivatedcarboncolumnsforleadremoval[J].Environ.Eng.,1994,120(2):416-436.[8]　BaileyS.E.,OlinT.J.,BrickaR.M.Areviewofpotential-lylow-costsorbentsforheavymetals[J].WaterRes.,1999,33:2469-2479.[9]　Huang,C.,Huang,C.P.ApplicationofAspergillusoryzaeandRhizopusoryzaeforCu(Ⅱ)removal[J].WaterRes.,1996(9):1985-1990.[10]　Sudha,B.R.,Abraham,E.Studiesonchromium(Ⅵ)ad-sorptionusingimmobilizedfungalbiomass[J].Biores.Technol.,2003,87:17-26.[11]　Gavrilesca,M.Removalofheavymetalsfromtheenviron-mentalbybiosorption[J].Eng.LifeSci.,2004(4):219-232.[12]　Cimino,G.,Passerini,A.,Eoscano,G.RemovaloftoxiccationsandCr(Ⅵ)fromaqueoussolutionbyhazelnutshell[J].WaterRes.,2000,34:2955-2962.[13]　Annadurai,G.,Juang,R.S.,Lee,D.L.Adsorptionofheavymetalsfromwaterusingbananaandorangepeels[J].WaterSci.Technol.,2002,47:185-190.[14]　Reddad,Z.,Gerente,C.,Andres,Y.,etal.Ni(Ⅱ)andCu(Ⅱ)bindingpropertiesofnativeandmodifiedsugarbeetpulp[J].Carbohydr.Polym.,2002,49:23-31.[15]　Mohanty,K.,Jha,M.,Biswas,M.N.,etal.Removalofchromium(Ⅵ)fromdiluteaqueoussolutionsbyactivatedcarbondevelopedfromTerminaliaarjunanutsactivatedwithzincchloride[J].Chem.Eng.Sci.,2005,60:3049-3059.[16]　Hashem,A.,Abou-Okeil,A.,El-Shafie,A.,etal.Graftingofhigh-cellulosepulpextractedfromsunflowerstalksforremovalofHg(Ⅱ)fromaqueoussolution[J].Polym.-Plast.Technol.Eng.,2006,45:135-141.[17]　Brady,I.M.Biosorptionbyfreeandimm