心电采集电路的设计与实现论文

编号：审定成绩：重庆邮电大学毕业设计（论文）设计（论文）题目：心电采集电路的设计与实现学院名称：生物信息学院学生姓名：朱丹专业：生物医学工程班级：0611003学号：指导教师：赵志强答辩组负责人：王伟填表时间：2014年5月重庆邮电大学教务处重庆邮电大学本科毕业论文I摘要随着社会进步，科技发展，人们所受到的心血管疾病的威胁不但没有下降反而有所增加，比如白领猝死等问题。因此，有必要也有需要设计一款心电采集设备，时时监测个体的心脏工作状态，预防心脏疾病的发生。心电信号(简称ECG)一般受到基线漂移、工频噪声及肌电噪声的干扰。由于ECG信号是强噪声下的低频微弱信号，因此在提取ECG信号时必须进行滤波及放大处理。本课题设计了一款ECG信号采集电路，实现对ECG信号的提取。主要工作如下：①查阅相关文献,全面分析了解ECG信号特征，为论文工作的展开做准备。②结合ECG信号的特点，提出ECG信号采集电路总体设计方案。③设计硬件电路。分为电源模块、放大模块和滤波模块.其中滤波模块包括80Hz低通滤波、0.5Hz高通滤波及工频陷波器。④使用Multisim10.0仿真放大与滤波电路，进行调试。⑤用面包板搭建各电路模块并分别调试，然后总体调试。测试通过后用万用板焊接，最终保证电路能够正常工作。⑥绘制PCB板，焊接电路及调试电路，保证电路稳定工作。本课题设计的ECG采集电路能够提取到稳定的ECG信号，虽然仍受到部分噪声干扰，但是总体来说所得到的ECG信号还是比较清晰稳定的，可以运用于以后扩展功能，如特征值提取及预防猝死等应用。【关键词】心电信号低频信号噪声干扰硬件电路重庆邮电大学本科毕业论文IIABSTRACTWithsocialprogressandtechnologicaldevelopment,peoplearesubjectedtothethreatofcardiovasculardiseasehasnotdecreasedbutincreased.，suchaswhite-collarssuddenlycatchthedeath.Therefore,itisnecessarythatweshoulddesignanECGacquisitionsystemtoconstantlymonitorthestatusofindividualcardiacworkandpreventionofheartdisease.ECGsignals(abbreviatedECG)aregenerallydisturbedbybaselinedrift,industrial-frequencynoiseandinterferenceEMGfrequencynoise.SincetheECGsignalisweaklow-frequencysignal,sowhenextractingtheECGsignal,filteringandamplificatoryprocessmustbecarriedout.ThispaperdesignedanECGsignalacquisitioncircuittoextracttheECGsignals.Themainworksarelistedasfollows:①SearchingrelevantliteraturespreparesandcomprehensivelyanalyzingtheECGsignalcharacteristicsaredoneforthelaunchofthepaperwork.②CombiningwiththecharacteristicsofECGsignal,thedesignofECGsignalacquisitioncircuitprogramwasproposed.③Hardwarewasdesigned.Itincludedthepowermodule,amplifiermoduleandfiltermodule.Filtermoduleincludes80Hzlow-passfilteringand0.5Hzhigh-passfiltering.④TheamplificationandfilteringcircuitweresimulatedwithMultisim10.0,thendebugged.⑤Everycircuitmodulewassetupwithbreadboard,debugged.Thenallmodulesweredebugged.Afterthetest,universalplateswereweldedtoultimatelyensurethatthecircuitworksproperly.⑥PCBboardwasdrawn;Circuitsweresolderedanddebuggedtoensurecircuitstability.ThedesignedECGacquisitioncircuitofthispassagecanextractastableECGsignal,.Thoughtherestillaremanynoises,overall,theobtainedECGsignalisquiteclearandstable,appliedtofutureexpansioncapabilities,suchasextractingeigenvalues,preventingsuddenlydeathandotherapplications.【Keywords】ECGLow-frequencysignalNoisejammingHardwarecircuit重庆邮电大学本科毕业论文III目录摘要............................................................................................................................IABSTRACT..................................................................................................................II目录............................................................................................................................III第一章绪论..................................................................................................................1第一节课题研究的背景..........................................................................................1第二节研究动态......................................................................................................2第三节研究意义及应用前景..................................................................................2第四节本章小结......................................................................................................3第二章心电信号相关理论..........................................................................................4第一节ECG信号分析.............................................................................................4一、ECG信号的形成生理机理...........................................................................4二、ECG信号的特点...........................................................................................5三、信号特征分析................................................................................................5第二节ECG信号所包含噪声分类及处理方法.....................................................7第三节本章小结......................................................................................................9第三章心电采集硬件电路设计................................................................................10第一节心电采集模块的总体硬件设计................................................................10一、系统硬件电路设计原则..............................................................................10二、系统建模......................................................................................................11三、系统前置放大电路的设计要求..................................................................12四、系统滤波器的设计讨论..............................................................................13第二节ECG采集硬件电路具体设计...................................................................15一、ECG信号的拾取.........................................................................................15二、ECG采集信号放大电路的设计.................................................................151、前置放大电路设计.....................................................................................162、二级放大电路设计.....................................................................................