济南大学—粗大误差判别方法的MATLAB实现

毕业设计题目粗大误差判别方法的MATLAB实现学院自动化与电气工程学院专业电气工程及其自动化二〇一五年五月三十一日济南大学毕业设计I摘要在现在的学习和教学过程中，MATLAB起着越来越重要的作用，起到了辅助教学、科学研究的重要作用。利用传统方法进行数据的误差处理既繁琐又浪费时间，而有了MATLAB之后，不仅可以缩短计算用的时间，还可以把庞大的数据几秒中就处理的很精确，达到了事半功倍的效果。再加上，MATLAB有简洁的绘图功能以及GUI界面，使图形形象生动的展现在我们面前，达到了图形数据化的效果，也在处理误差的同时给我们展现出一个完美的人机界面。因此，MATLAB的学习对我们至关重要，也是处理误差的非常好的工具。粗大误差对数据结果的影响很大，本文计算数据时，应该使最终结果尽可能的精确，所以处理粗大误差也是我们应该完成的任务，之前理论学习的七种粗大误差剔除的方法，即：莱以特准则、t检验准则、格拉布斯准则、狄克逊准则、奈尔准则、精细准则、肖维涅准则。把这七种方法编写成MATLAB程序，剔除粗大误差。关键词：MATLAB；GUI；误差；数据处理；人机界面济南大学毕业设计IIABSTRACTMATLABplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinthecurrentprocessoflearningandteaching.Itplayedanimportantsupportingroleinteaching,scientificresearch.Usingtraditionalmethodsfordataprocessingerrorcumbersomeandtime-consuming.aftertheMATLABappeared,Notonlyshortenthetimetocalculate,butalsocanputinafewsecondsonthelargedataprocessingisveryprecise,reducethecomputingtimeusedandachieveamultipliereffect.inaddition,MATLABneatgraphicsandGUIinterface.Sovividgraphicsinfrontofus,tothegraphicdataoftheresults,whilealsoaddressingerrorshowingusaperfectman-machineinterface.Therefore,MATLABlearningisimportanttous,butalsoaverygoodtoolforerrorhandling.Weshouldmakethecalculationresultstocalculatetheprecise,becauseoftheerrorismakinggreatinfluenceonthedataresults.Grosserrorhandlingisourmissiontobeaccomplished.themethodsofthegrosserrorisexcludingLevinwithspecialguidelines;ttestguidelines;GrubbsGuidelines;DixoncriteriaGuidelines;NaircriteriaGuidelines;finecriterion;XiaoGuidelines.weshouldprocessMATLABprogramtodealwithgrosserror.Keywords:MATLAB；GUI；error；dataprocessing；man-machineinterface；济南大学毕业设计III目录摘要................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT..................................................................................................................II1前言............................................................................................................................11.1研究的背景与意义...........................................................................................11.2研究现状..........................................................................................................11.3本文研究的主要内容.......................................................................................22误差的基本概念........................................................................................................32.1误差的定义......................................................................................................32.2误差分类..........................................................................................................32.3随机误差..........................................................................................................32.3.1算术平均值...........................................................................................32.3.2测量的标准差.......................................................................................32.4系统误差..........................................................................................................62.5粗大误差..........................................................................................................62.5.1判别粗大误差的准则............................................................................62.5.2几种准则的比较..................................................................................142.6本章小结........................................................................................................143.粗大误差判别方法的MATLAB实现..................................................................153.1MATLAB软件概述.......................................................................................153.1.1MATLABGUI介绍............................................................................153.1.2GUI控件对象及其属性.....................................................................153.1.3GUI程序设计步骤.............................................................................163.2主界面程序设计............................................................................................173.3粗大误差剔除方法选择界面设计................................................................183.4粗大误差程序设计........................................................................................233.4.1莱以特准则的MATLAB实现..........................................................233.4.2罗曼诺夫斯基准则的MATLAB实现..............................................283.4.3格拉布斯准则的MATLAB实现......................................................323.4.4狄克松准则的MATLAB实现..........................................................363.4.5奈尔准则的MATLAB实现..............................................................403.4.6精细准则的MATLAB实现..............................................................443.4.7肖维涅准则的MATLAB实现..........................................................483.5本章小结........................................................................................................51结论...........................................................................................................................