基于单片机的倒车检测及报警系统设计

诚信承诺书本人慎重承诺和声明：本人在毕业设计（论文）过程中遵守学校有关规定，恪守学术规范，在指导教师的指导下独立完成，没有剽窃和抄袭他人的学术观点、思想和成果，未篡改研究数据，若有违规行为的发生，我愿接受学校处理，并承担一切法律责任。论文作者签名：年月日重庆邮电大学本科毕业设计（论文）-I-摘要随着我国经济的飞速发展，汽车的需求量急剧增加，现在家家户户拥有汽车已经成为现实。但是随着汽车数量的增加，其引发的事故也不断在增加。倒车引发的汽车事故也占不小的比重，而倒车时车尾存在的盲区是其主导因素，因此解决倒车盲区是安全驾驶必须要解决的问题。本设计采用以STC89C52单片机为核心的低成本、高精度、微型化数字显示超声波测距仪的硬件电路和软件设计方法。整个电路采用模块化设计，由主程序、数据处理子程序、显示子程序等模块组成。各探头的信号经单片机综合分析处理，实现超声波测距仪的各种功能。在此基础上设计了系统的总体方案，最后通过硬件和软件实现了各个功能模块。相关部分附有硬件电路图、程序流程图。该设计通过模块的组合和软件的控制，实现了设计要求的功能。本设计在使用上面方便，成本较低。不但完成了这些功能，还达到了汽车倒车的安全指标。【关键词】STC89C52超声波测距蜂鸣器LCD重庆邮电大学本科毕业设计（论文）-II-ABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentofoureconomy,thedemandforcarshasincreaseddramatically,andnoweachandeveryfamilyhasacarhasbecomeareality.Butwiththeincreasingnumberofcars,theaccidentsareincreasing.Reversingrearblindspotisthedominantfactorandfinallysolvedreversedeadzonesbesafedrivinghavetoresolvethisproblem.AtthecoreofthedesignusingSTC89C52low-cost,highaccuracy,Microfiguresshowthattheultrasonicrangefinderhardwareandsoftwaredesignmethods.Modulardesignofthewholecircuitfromthemainprogram,dataprocessingsubroutine,Displaysubroutinemodulesform.SCMcomprehensiveanalysisoftheprobesignalprocessing,andtheultrasonicrangefinderfunction.Theoverallsystemdesign,hardwareandsoftwarearepresented.Thedesignofthecontrolmodulesandsoftware,achievethedesignrequirementsoffunction.Thedesigniseasytouse,lowcost.Thesefeaturesarenotonlyfinished,alsoreachedtheAutoreversesafetyindicators.【Keywords】STC89C52UltrasonicrangingBuzzerLCD重庆邮电大学本科毕业设计（论文）-1-目录前言...................................................................................................................................1第一章绪论.......................................................................................................................2第一节研究背景与意义................................................................................................2第二节倒车防撞系统的发展.........................................................................................3第三节研究目的及可行性分析....................................................................................4第四节研究内容与文章结构........................................................................................5第五节本章小结.............................................................................................................6第二章系统方案设计.......................................................................................................7第一节系统整体方案.....................................................................................................7第二节控制系统介绍.....................................................................................................8第三节测距系统介绍...................................................................................................10第四节显示报警系统...................................................................................................15第五节本章小结...........................................................................................................18第三章系统硬件设计.....................................................................................................19第一节系统总电路图...................................................................................................19第二节超声波测距模块设计.......................................................................................22第三节LCD1602显示模块设计..................................................................................22第四节蜂鸣器的硬件设计...........................................................................................23第五节PCB板的制作..................................................................................................23第六节本章小结...........................................................................................................24第四章系统软件设计.....................................................................................................25第一节主程序设计.......................................................................................................25第二节测距模块的设计...............................................................................................28第三节显示模块的设计...............................................................................................29第三节蜂鸣器报警程序...............................................................................................31第四节本章小结...........................................................................................................32第五章系统调试及误差分析.........................................................................................33第一节硬件的调试.......................................................................................................33第二节软件的调试.......................................................................................................34第三节误差分析...........................................................................................................35重庆邮电大学本科毕业设计（论文）-2-第四节本章小结...........................................................................................................36结论...............................................................