对照常用统计质量管理中英文对照表

1统计学与质量管理中英文对照表Accept接受Acceptancesampling验收抽样Accurate精确Actualdata实际值Adjust调整Adopt采用Aircraft飞机Allow允许Alternativehypothesis备择假设Approach趋近Approximately/approximation近似ARL(Averagerunlength)平均链长Assembly装配Assignablecause异常因素Assignedto分配...工作Assume/Assumption假设(动词)/假设(名词)ATS(Averagetimetosignal)平均报警时间Attentive加严Attributes计数数据Automotive汽车Average平均，均值2Batch批量Bearing轴承Bell-shaped钟形Bernoullidistribution贝努利分布Beverage饮料Biased有偏的Bin柱Binomialdistribution二项分布Can罐头Capable过程能力强Casting铸造Cause–and-effectDiagram因果图Centerline中心线Centertendency中心倾向Centered/Centering(如分布中心与规范中心等)中心重合Centrallimittheorem中心极限定理ChanceCause异常因素Checksheet检查表Chi-square2（卡方）分布CI(ConfidenceInterval)置信区间Civilengineer土木工程师3Coefficient系数Compute计算Concrete混凝土Conditionalprobability条件概率Confidence置信度Conform/Conformance/conforming符合Constant常数Constrain限制条件Consumer’srisk(β)使用方风险Contain包含Container容器content含量continuous连续型Continuousimprovement持续改进Controllable可控的Correctiveaction纠正措施Correlation相关性Count计数Criticalvalue临界值Cumulative累积的Cumulativedistribution累积概率分布Cumulativefrequency累积频数4Current当前，通用Customersatisfaction顾客满意Customer-driven以客为本CUSUM(CumulativeSum)累计和控制图CWQC（Company-widequalitycontrol）全公司质量管理Cycle循环Cylinder汽缸Decision决策Defect缺陷Defectconcentrationdiagram缺陷图Define限定Degreesoffreedom自由度Delete删除Demonstrate论证Departure偏离Designofexperiments实验设计Desired期望的Detection检出Diameter直径Discrete离散型Efficient有效性Eliminate消除5Employeeinvolvement全员参与Engine发动机Ensure保证Equal相等的，等于Equation公式Errors错误Estimate/estimation估计/估计量Evaluation评估EWMA(ExponentialweightedMovingAverage)指数加权移动平均控制图Exceeding超过Excessof超出Expected期望Exponentialdistribution指数分布Exponentialsmoothing指数平滑External/Internalcustomer外部/内部顾客Factor因子Factorialdesign因子设计Failurerate失效率，故障率Fallout不合格Falsealarm虚发警报Feedback反馈6Finite有限的Fitnessforuse适用性Fraction小数，分数Fractionnonconforming不合格率Freeofcharge免费Frequency频数Frequencydistribution频数分布Frequencytables频率频数表FTR(Failuretoreject)接受Gear齿轮Histogram直方图Historicaldata历史数据Homogenous同类的Hypergeometricdistribution超几何分布Hypothesistesting假设检验Identify识别Illustrate说明Implementation实施Incontrol控制状态In.英寸inadequate不足Incorrectdimension尺寸错误7Independent相互独立Indicate表明Individual单值Individualmeasurement单值测量Inevitable不可避免的Inexperiencedoperator缺乏经验的工作人员Infinite无限的Infinity无穷Insidediameter内径Inspection检验Inspectionunit检查单位Installation安装Instantaneous短期的Instantaneousvariability短期变异Interpretation解释Interval(inhistogram)组距Intervalestimation区间估计Inverselyproportional成反比Investigation调查Irregular异常ISO(InternationalorganizationforStandards)国际标准化组织8Isolate分离Iteration迭代Landing降落LCL(Lowercontrollimit下控制限Leak渗漏Leavealone不做调整Linearregression线性回归Locate位于Location位置Lot批LSL(lowerspecificationlimits)下规范限Magnificentseven质量控制七种工具Magnitude量值Maintain维修Manpower人力Massproduction大规模生产Material材料Max最大值Mean均值Meanshift均值偏移Measurement测量Memoryless无记忆性9MethodofMaximumlikelihood(MML)最大似然估计Midpoint中点Milestones重大事件Min最小值MinimalPath最小路径MinimalCut最小割Mission使命Model模型Moundshape小丘形状Movingaverage移动平均Movingrange移动极差Nominal名义上的Nonconforming不合格NonconformingUnit不合格品Nonconformity不合格数Normaldistribution正态分布NTL(Naturetolerancelimit)自然容差限LNTL/UNTL上/下自然容差限Nullhypothesis原假设Numberofdefect缺陷数Numerical数字表示的，数值的Observation观测值10OC(Operatingcharacteristic)curve操作特性曲线Occurrence发生Off-centerprocess分布中心偏移于规范中心One-sided单侧On-line在线Operatorerror操作人员失误Optimize优化Orderstatistic顺序统计量Outofcontrol失控Parameter参数ParametersofXXXchart指控制图的控制线Paretochart帕雷托图，排列图Participation参与Partnering合作Pattern模式PCR(Processcapabilityratio)过程能力指数PDCA(Planning,Doing,Checking,Action)PDCA循环Percentage百分比Performance实绩Philosophy理念Pistonring活塞环Plot描点11Pointestimation点估计Poissondistribution泊松分布Population总体Potential潜在Powerofthetest检验的功效PPM(partpermillion)百万分之一Predefine预定Preliminarydata预备样本Pressurestrength抗压强度Prevention预防Previous以前的Probability概率Probabilitydensityfunction概率密度函数Probabilitydistribution概率分布Process过程Processcapability过程能力Processmean过程均值Producer’srisk(α)生产者风险Profit利润（销售收入-成本）Proportion比率Quality质量Qualitychain质量链12Qualitycharacteristics质量特性Qualitycontrol质量控制QualitycontrolTechnician质量控制人员Qualityengineering质量工程Qualityimprovement质量改进QualitywheelPDCARandom随机Randomsampling随机抽样Randomvariable随机变量Range极差Rationalsubgroup合理分组Rawmaterial原材料Recordeddata记录值Reduction降低Regardlessof不论Regression回归Rejectregion拒绝域Reliability可靠性Relationship关系Relativefrequency频率Relativerange相对极差Reliability可靠性13Remain保持Remaining余下的Remark评论Replacement有放回Represent代表，表示Respectively分别Reveal展现Revised修订Rework返工Robust稳健Rough粗糙Routine日常Run链Rundown递减Runlength链长Runup递增Sample样本Sampleaverage样本均值Samplefrequency样本频数Samplemean样本均值Samplesize样本容量Samplestandarddeviation(S)样本标准差14Samplevariance(S2)样本方差Samplingdistribution抽样分布Scatter分散适度Scatterdiagram散点图Scrap废品Sequence连续，次序Severity严重Shape形状Shewhartcharts休哈特控制图Significantlevel显著性水平（α）Simultaneously同时Skewness偏度SPC(Statisticalprocesscontrol)统计过程控制Specification规范Specify限定Spreadrange变异程度SQC(Statisticqualitycontrol)统计质量控制Squareroot平方根Stable稳态Standard标准Standarddeviation(σ)标准差Standardnormal标准正态分布15Statistic统计量Statisticalcontrol统计控制Statisticalinference统计推断statistics统计学Steel钢Strength强度Subgroup子组Successiveobservation连续观测值Sum和Supervisor监查Supplier供应商