微型无人机群空空数据链协议建模与仿真

283()Vo.l28No.320105JournalofJilinUniversity(InformationScienceEdition)May2010:16715896(2010)03024406:20100319:(2002AA2Z9999;2004AA99):(1966),,,,,(Tel)8613943038559(Email)jlcchly@sinacom;(1971),,,,,,(Tel)8613364478268(Email)liuzh@icusteducn韩丽英1,翁俊超2,刘智2,杨阳2(1,130012;2,130022):(UAV:UnmannedAerialVehicles),ZigBee(Zig+Bee),ZigBee,,OPNET(OptimizedNetworkEngineeringTools),,:;;;:TN92:AProtocolModelingandSimulationforMAVGroupAirtoAirDataLinkHANLiying1,WENGJunchao2,LIUZhi2,YANGYang2(1ElectronicEngineeringBranch,SchoolofOpticalandElectronicalInformation,ChangchunUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Changchun130012,China;2SchoolofElectronicandInformationEngineering,ChangchunUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Changchun130022,China)Abstract:ForUAV(UnmannedAerialVehicles)groupairtoairdatalinkofwirelesscommunications,inaccordancewiththeZigBeeprotoco,lthroughtheestablishmentofslotpollingtabletheslotallocationiscompleted.AfterabriefanalysisoftheZigBeeprotocolstacklayersoffunctionalityandtheuseofthenetworktopologybasedonafocusonthedatalinkprotocolairtoairdatalinkslotallocationmechanismandthenetworkaddressallocationmechanism.DiscusshowtouseOPNET(OptimizedNetworkEngineeringTools)networksimulationtooltocreatethismodelofwirelesscommunicationprotocolprocess,andbyconstructinganetworksimulationplatformforthechannelaccessdelay,throughpu,tetc.ofthesimulationanalysistoverifythisairtoairdatalinkcommunicationprotocolsusedthevalidityofthissimulationforothernetworkprotocolsasareference.Keywords:datalink;wirelessdatatransmissionnetwork;communicationsimulationsoftware;communicationprotocol引言[1],,,,,,,,,,,,2空空数据链协议架构21协议栈各层概述ZigBee[2]ZigBeeZigBee,1ZigBee[3],[3]图1ZigBee协议栈结构图Fig1ZigBeeprotocolstackconfigurationchart1)(APL:ApplicationLayer)ZigBee,,2)(NWK:NeWtorkLayer)ZigBee,ZigBeeMAC(MediaAccessControl),adhoc,,,3)(LLC:LogicalLinkControl)(MAC),MACMAC[4](PAN:PersonalAreaNetwork);/(CSMACA:CarrierSenseMultipleAccesswithCollisionAvoidance);(GTS:GuaranteedTimeSlot);MACMAC,,,4)(PHY:PHysicalLayer)[5]图2树状拓扑结构图Fig2Treetopologyconfigurationchart(ED:EnergyDetection)(LQI:LinkQualityIndication)(CCA:ClearChannelAssessment)22网络拓扑结构(2)()()(0),(1~14),,2453,:2(10~14),,,,0GPS,341,12(2),,,,1,4,13,,,,,:1),,;2),,23时隙分配机制[6],,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,(aBaseSuperframeDuration)MAC,0,KS,macBeaconOrder(BO)macSuperframeOrder(SO),BISD,0BO14,0SOBO14,BIBOSDSOBI=KS!2BO(1)SD=KS!2SO(2)24GHz250kbit/s,KS960symbo,l1symbol4bit16,2SO!KS,KS60symbol:(CAP:ContentionAccessPeriod)图3超帧结构示例Fig3Aexampleofsuperframestructure(CFP:ContentionFreePeriod)0,CSMA,CAP(CAP440symbol),CFP,CAP,CFPGTS3,BISD,CFPGTS7GTS,GTS246()2824近邻表中网络地址的分配[5],3,3:Cm(nwkMaxChildren)Lm(nwkMaxDepth)Rm(nwkMaxRouters)图4主机与从机节点的地址分配图Fig4ChartofaddressallocationaboutmasterandslavenodeCs(d)=1+Cm(Lm-d-1),Rm=11+Cm-Rm-CmRLm-d-1m1-Rm,Rm∀1dCs(d),(1)20(4)3ZigBee协议的OPNET仿真31OPNET的简介OPNET[7]145OPNETMIL3,,1)3,Process,;Node,,;3,2)(discreteeventdriven),,3),,4)OPNET,5),,C/C++32网络模型,图5网络模型Fig5Networkmodel,5,node_0,,33节点模型6,[8,9]MAC1)app_layer;;2)network_layer;;;;;;2473,:图6节点模型Fig6Nodemodel3)802_15_4_mac;;GTS;CSMACA802_15_4_mac,,,,wireless_txwireless_rx,wireless_tx;wireless_rxwireless_txwireless_rx,;144仿真结果及分析41信道接入延时[10],图7信道接入延时Fig7ChannelaccessdelayCSMACA[11],,OPNET77,00054~00062s,0062s62ms,,,42吞吐量图8链路吞吐量Fig8Linkthroughput8,,,,,8,245kbit/s,245000bi;t8245kbit/s,,245kbit/s,[12~14]250kbit/s,245/250=98%,5结语ZigBee,,,,,,248()28,,,:[1].[J].,2006,37(2):4546.CUIReiqin.TheDevelopmentandApplicationofDataLink[J].GroundAirDefenseWeapons,2006,37(2):4546.[2]颋,凌志浩,吴勤勤.ZigBee无线通信技术及其应用探讨[J].自动化仪表,2005,26(6):59.ZHOUYiting,LINGZhihao,WUQinqin.ZigBeeWirelessCommunicationTechnologyandApplication[J].AutomationInstrumentation,2005,26(6):59.[3].ZigBee[J].,2008,32(1):1214.LIHao.WirelessNetworkTechnologyBasedonZigBeeandItsApplication[J].InformationTechnology,2008,32(1):1214.[4],,.ZigBee[M].:,2007.QULe,iLIUShengde,HUXianbin.ZigBeeTechnologyandApplication[M].Beijing:BeihangUniversityPress,2007.[5]IEEEStandard8021542006.WirelessMediumAccessControl(MAC)andPhysicalLayer(PHY)SpecificationsforLowRateWirelessPersonalAreaNetworks(WPANs)[S].[6]CHENFeng,WANGNan,REINHARDGERMAN,eta.lSimulationStudyofIEEE802154LRWPANforIndustrialApplications[J].WirelessCommunicationsandMobileComputing,2009,39(10):736742.[7],.ZigBee[M].:,2007.LIWenzhong,DUANChaoyu.ZigBeeWirelessNetworkTechnologyIntroductionandActualCombat[M].Beijing:BeihangUniversityPress,2007.[8].OPNET[M].:,2004.CHENMin.OPNETNetworkSimulation[M].Beijing:TsinghuaUniversityPress,2004.[9],.OPNETModeler[M].:,2006.LIXing,YEMing.OPNETModelerNetworkModelingandSimulation[M].Xian:XidianUniversityPress,2006.[10]FANTACCIR,INNOCENTIF.PerformanceEvaluationofaModifiedPRMAProtocolforJointVoiceandDataPacketWirelessNetworks[J].IEEETransactionsCommunication,1999,47(12):18371848.[11],,.IEEE802154CSMA/CA[J].,2006,19(1):3538.CHANGDawe,iLIUShuangme,iWANXiaoyu.AnalysisandResearchofPerformanceBasedonIEEE802154CSMA/CA[J].TelecomEngineeringTechnicsandStandardization,2006,19(1):3538.[12]ASHUTOSHSABHARWAL.OppotunisticSpectralUsage:BoundsandaMultiBandCSMA/CAProtocol[J