被动语态复习课件

1.被动语态的定义：2.被动语态的结构：3.被动语态的用法：一.重点：二.难点：1.灵活运用被动语态2.动词的过去分词英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(theActiveVoice)被动语态(thePassiveVoice)A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Weplantedthetree.Thetreewasplantedbyus.WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语主动语态被动语态(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by＋动作执行者短语。如：Thedictionaryiswellkept.这本词典被保存完好(不需要说明是谁保存的)。(2)强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.这个杯子被大卫打碎了。(3)做客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型：It’s/wassaid/believed/reported/+that…据说/据报道……如：It’sreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake.被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词如:Thedeskismadeofwood.Thedesksaremadeofwood.Heisaskedaquestionbytheteacher.Iwasgivenanicepresentbymyfriendyesterday.在改写中应注意：1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把动词变成“be+过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。主动语态变被动语态的方法：例1将下列句子改为被动语态。Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.Ourclassroomiscleaned(byus)everyday.主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语----即动作的承受者Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词made5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语.bythem.1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时的被动语态构成：am/is/are+过去分词考点突破Shewaterstheflowerseveryday.Theflowerseveryday.arewateredbyher考点突破2.Iboughtacomputerlastterm．Acomputerwasbought(byme)lastterm.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词考点突破Thestudentsplantedmanytreesyesterday.Manytreeswereplantedbythestudentsyesterday.考点突破4.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：will+be+过去分词考点突破Theywillhaveaneveningpartynextweek.Aneveningpartywillbehadnextweek.考点突破5.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：am/is/are+being+过去分词考点突破Heisdoinghomework.Homeworkisbeingdonebyhim.考点突破7．Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat8:00lastnight．Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.过去进行时：was/were+being+过去分词考点突破Theywereeatingdumplingsat6:30yesterday.Dumplingswerebeingeatenat6:30yesterday考点突破Anncantakegoodcareofthecats．ThecatscanbetakengoodcareofbyAnn.情态动词：can/may/must/should+be+过去分词考点突破Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.考点突破“Wemustputtheminthefridge.”Thebearsthought.“Theymustbeputinthefridge.”Thebearsthought.考点突破6．Wehavemadetwentymorekeys．Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：have/has+been+过去分词考点突破Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago.Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago.考点突破4）现在进行时：am/is/arebeing+v-ed5）过去进行时：was/werebeing+v-ed6）现在完成时：have/hasbeen+v-ed7)情态动词：can/should/may/be+v-ed二、各种时态的被动语态构成1）一般现在时：am/is/are+v-ed2）一般过去时：was/were+v-ed3）一般将来时：willbe+v-ed考点总结：考点梳理(1)有两个宾语的句子的被动语态（直接宾语，间接宾语）常见的接双宾语的动词有：give,teach,pay,tell,buy,show,lend,write,pass等。Hegavemeabook.－Iwasgivenabookbyhim.(以I做主语)－Abookwasgiventomebyhim.(以物book作主语)【考点精练】5.HeteachesusEnglish.________________________________(以人当主语)________________________________(以物作主语)WearetaughtEnglish(byhim).Englishistaughttous(byhim).拓展知识点以“人”当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；以“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加to或for.七给一带to不少，买画唱做for来帮考点梳理（2）英语中有“十大动词”的说法，即feel,hear,listen,have,make,let(让、使),lookat,watch,see,notice，这些词在主动语态中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但在变被动语态时必须加to。如：Isawhimgointotheofficebuilding.—Hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding.【考点精练】6.IheardJohnleavetheroom.—____________________________________.Johnwasheardtoleavetheroom.拓展知识点1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives___________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(变被动语态）3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine__________________threetimesaday.canbementmustbetaken14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythem中考面对面()1.（2015江苏盐城）—CanBobsparesometimeforthecharityshow?—Ifhe___,hewilltryhisbesttomakeit.A.willbeinvitedB.isinvitedC.invitesD.invited()2.（2015贵州六盘水）Alotoftreesaroundhereeveryyearandwecanenjoyfresherhairnow.A.plantB.isplantedC.wereplantedD.areplanted()3.(2015山东青岛）We______tostartatonce,orwe’llmissthetrain.A.tellB.havetoldC.aretoldD.told()4.(2015重庆B卷)Ournewlibrary______lastyear.Weenjoyreadingandstudyinginit.A.buildsB.builtC.isbuiltD.wasbuilt()5.（2015四川资阳）Anewschool_____