小学常见介词用法辨析及习题

1小学常见介词用法辨析一、介词的定义及分类介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词,，在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。按构成分为简单介词（in、on、at等）、合成介词（into、within等）、重叠介词（atabout等）、短语介词（infrontof等）。二、小学常用介词用法释义（一）表时间1、常用词in、on、at。In：①+年份/世纪。in2019（在2019年）；Inthe1990s（在19世纪90年代）.②+月份。InMay（在五月）.③+季节。Inspring/summer/autumn/winter（在春/夏/秋/冬季）.④+一天的某个时间段（上午、下午、晚上等）。Inthemorning/afternoon/eveningat：①+时刻、几点。atsix（在6点）/~halfpastten（在10点半）②+年龄。atthirteen/~theageofthirteen（在13岁时）③+某个时段atnoon（在中午）,atnight（在晚上）,atmidnight（在午夜），atdawn（在黎明）on：①+星期几。onWednesday/Sunday（在星期三/在星期日）2②+日期。OnJune4th=onthefourthofJune（在六月4日）③+有day的节日。OnChristmasDay/Teacher’sDay（在圣诞节/教师节）④+具体某一天。Onacoldday（在一个寒冷的一天）、onSundayafternoon（在星期日下午）2、其他常用词Before：在...之前after：在...之后since：自从...开始for+一段时间until：直到...时候from...to：从...到...（二）表方位1、常用词in、on、at。In：①在...里面：Intheclassroom（在教室里）②+大地点：InChina（在中国）；inNanjing（在南京）On：①在上面（表面）：Onthedesk（在桌子上）②在左右边：Onyourright（在你右边）At：①+小地点（大、小是相对而言）：athome（在家）；attheparty（在宴会上）。②向，朝向：laughat/shoutat/pointat2、其他常见方位词介词/介词短语用法介词/介词短语用法Infrontof在...前面（不包含）inthefrontof在...前面（在内部，包含）behind在...后面over在...正上方（垂直）under在...正下方（垂above位置高于（不一定是3直）正上方）below位置低于（不一定是正下方）between在...中间inthemiddleof在...中间near在...附近，靠近by在...旁边beside在...旁边Inside在...里面outside在...外面around环绕，在...周围up上面Down下面over在...之上，越过out从...出来into从...进去from从...到...（三）其他常见介词介词/介词短语用法介词/介词短语用法across穿过through穿过,通过past过，通过because因为about大约，关于with和...一起，用，拥有，of...的off离开，脱离like（as）像...，和...一样to向，朝着，到三、常用介词的固定搭配For:bebadfor/cheerfor（为...欢呼）/makeacakeforhim/haveacakeforbreakfast/bereadyfor/ask...forhelp/lookoutfor/lookfor/belateforOn:geton（上车）/onMoonStreet/onthetree（树上结的、标志）/ontheway/puton（穿上、上演）/tryon/comeon（加油）/onfoot/goon/from4thenon/onone’sbirthday（在某人生日的时候）In:getin（进去）/inSunshineTown/in+颜色/dowellin/inthetree（外来的东西在树上）/put...inorderUp:getup（起床）/standup/pickup/wakeup（叫醒）/dressup（化妆打扮）/growup（成长）/hurryup（赶快）To：payattentionto（注意）/nextto（在...旁边，紧挨着）/getto（到达）/thewayto（去...的路）/ToprotecttheEarth（为了保护地球）/wantto/wouldliketo（想要）/begoingto（将要）/listento（听）At:atthetrafficlights（在红绿灯）/athome/begoodat/lookat（看）/atthisfestival（在这个节日）/arriveat（到达）From:from...to.../farawayfrom（远离）/getoutfrom（从...出来）Around:lookaround（环顾四周）/aroundtheworld（全世界）/show...around（带...参观）Behind:leave...behind（留下，丢下）By:sitby（坐在...旁边）/bytheriver（在河边）/bybus/metro/taxi/bike/plane/ship/train（乘坐...）About:talkabout（谈论关于）/whatabout、howabout（...怎么样）/careabout（关心）Of：takecareof（关心，在乎）/befullof（充满）/aglassof（一杯）/beafraidof（害怕）/alotof/lotsof（许多）四、习题练兵场（一）选词填空1.Iusuallygetup(in/at)6o’clock(on/in)themorning.2.Myfatheris(at/in)Shanghainow.3.TheTVwasblackandwhite(in/on)the1980s.4.Lilyisgoingtovisithisgrandparents(in/on)NationalDay.55.Weplantalotoftrees(at/on)May1st.6.Ourclasswillgoonanouting(at/in)Spring.7.Therearesomanyapples(in/on)thetree.8.Thereisasign“Nolittering”(in/on)thetree.9.Iwas(in/at)home(at/on)halfpasteightyesterday.10.Thebookis(at/on)yourright.11.Thelionwascaught(with/by)thenet.12.TheLongtanparkis(infrontof/inthefrontof)myhouse.13.Theblackboardis(in/on)thewall.14.Allofthegirlsare(in/on)red(at/in)theparty.15.Davidfindabighole(at/on)theground.（二）单选题1.Thereisasmallhousethemiddlethemountain.A.in,ofB.on,inC.at,ofD.from,of2.Thetigercouldnotgetoutthenet.A.inB.withC.fromD.off3.Samoftengoesschooltheschoolbus.A.to,atB.on,fromC.from,onD.to,on4.Hecutthenetasharpknife.A.In,withB.in,byC.out,byD.out,with5.Jackusuallygoestoschoolbus.A.byB.onC.inD.at6.MypatentsworksNanjing.A.inB.atC.onD.from7.protecttheair,healwaysgoestoworkfoot.A.to,inB.for,onC.to,onD.for,on68.Bobbylikesgoingfishingtheriverwarmday.A.at,onB.at,inC.in,onD.in,in9.Theschoolgateopensnoon.A.inB.onC.atD.for10.Thereisabuildingtheriver.A.byB.atC.inD.on11.Therearelotsofpeoplethebusstation.A.onB.inC.atD.from12.Pleaseputyourbooksandpencilsorder.A.onB.inC.atD.for13.Manystudentsplaygamesthetree.A.onB.inC.upD.under14.Iliveschool.Icometoschoolmetro.A.in,byB.by,byC.near,onD.near,by15.MybestfriendLilyliveshergrandparentsMoonStreet.A.in,atB.in,onC.with,atD.with,on16.Thefactoryisfarawaythecity.A.inB.onC.fromD.at17.IlikereadingstoriestheMonkeyKing.A.onB.atC.aboutD.for18.Iusuallyhaveaneggbreakfast.A.fromB.toC.onD.for19.Thereisapartytheprince’shouse.A.atB.inC.onD.for20.SuHai’sbirthdayisthesecondMay.A.at,ofB.at,inC.on,ofD.on,in7