2015年考研英语一真题、解析和全文翻译(大师兄版).pdf

@大师兄英语·2015年考研英语一[B]journalsarestrengtheningtheirstatisticalchecks.[C]fewjournalsareblamedformistakesindataanalysis.[D]lackofdataanalysisiscommoninresearchprojects.32.Thephrase“flaggedup”(Para.2)istheclosestinmeaningto______.[A]found[B]revised[C]marked[D]stored33.GiovanniParmigianibelievesthattheestablishmentoftheSBoREmay______.[A]poseathreattoallitspeers[B]meetwithstrongopposition[C]increaseScience’scirculation[D]setanexampleforotherjournals34.DavidVauxholdsthatwhatScienceisdoingnow______.[A]addstoresearchers’workload[B]diminishestheroleofreviewers[C]hasroomforfurtherimprovement[D]istofailintheforeseeablefuture35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?______.[A]ScienceJoinsPushtoScreenStatisticsinPapers[B]ProfessionalStatisticiansDeserveMoreRespect[C]DataAnalysisFindsItsWayontoEditors’Desks[D]StatisticiansAreComingBackwithScienceText4Twoyearsago,RupertMurdoch’sdaughter,Elisabeth,spokeofthe“unsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourinstitutions”.Integrityhadcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethattheonly“sortingmechanism”insocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarket.But“it’sus,humanbeings,wethepeoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit”.Drivingherpointhome,shecontinued:“It’sincreasinglyapparentthattheabsenceofpurpose,ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,mediaorbusinesscouldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousowngoalsforcapitalismandfreedom.”ThissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswoundingcompaniessuchasNewsInternational,shethought,makingitmorelikelythatitwouldloseitswayasithadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.Asthehackingtrialconcludes—findingguiltyoneex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindinghispredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge—thewiderissueofdearthofintegritystillstands.Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofupto5,500people.Thisishackingonanindustrialscale,aswasacknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsoftheWorldin2001tobethepointpersonforphonehacking.Othersawaittrial.Thislongstorystillunfolds.Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnotonlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbutthetermsonwhichthetrialtookplace.OneoftheastonishingrevelationswashowlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwentoninhernewsroom,howlittleshethoughttoaskandthefactthatsheneverinquiredhowthestoriesarrived.Thecoreofhersuccessfuldefensewasthatsheknewnothing.Intoday’sworld,ithasbecomenormalthatwell-paidexecutivesshouldnotbeaccountableforwhathappensintheorganizationsthattheyrun.Perhapsweshouldnotbesosurprised.Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.Thewordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,business-friendly,wealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation.Wordsdegradedtothemarginhavebeenjustice,fairness,tolerance,proportionalityandaccountability.ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact.MsBrooksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions—norreceivedtraceable,recordedanswers.36.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwasupsetby______.[A]theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism[B]companies’financiallossduetoimmoralpractices[C]governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues5@大师兄英语·2015年考研英语一[D]thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutions37.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that______.[A]GlemMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime.[B]morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking.[C]AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge.[D]phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions.38.TheauthorbelievestheRebekahBrooks’sdefense______.[A]revealedacunningpersonality[B]centeredontrivialissues[C]washardlyconvincing[D]waspartofaconspiracy39.Theauthorholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrineshows______.[A]generallydistortedvalues[B]unfairwealthdistribution[C]amarginalizedlifestyle[D]arigidmoralcode40.Whichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?______.[A]Thequalityofwritingisofprimaryimportance.[B]Commonhumanityiscentraltonewsreporting.[C]Moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper.[D]Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.PartBDirections:Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Howdoesyourreadingproceed?Clearlyyoutrytocomprehend,inthesenseofidentifyingmeaningsforindividualwordsandworkingoutrelationshipsbetweenthem,drawingonyourimplicitknowledgeofEnglishgrammar.(41)__________.Youbegintoinferacontextforthetext,forinstancebymakingdecisionsaboutwhatkindofspeecheventisinvolved:whoismakingtheutterance,towhom,whenandwhere.Thewaysofreadingindicatedherearewithoutdoubtkindsofcomprehension.Buttheyshowcomprehensiontoconsistnotjustofpassiveassimilationbutofactiveengagementininferenceandproblem-solving.Youinferinformationyoufeelthewriterhasinvitedyoutograspbypresentingyouwiths