新概念英语二--现在完成进行时

.现在完成进行时thePresentPerfectContinuous现在完成进行时1.ThePresentPerfectContinuousisformedinthisway:（构成）Subject+have/has+been+doing•You’vebeenstudyingveryhard.•HasStevebeencomplainingaboutit?•Wehaven’tbeenwaitingforyoulong.2.Use（用途）1)现在完成进行时可以表示一个从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作。这个动作对现在有影响.•I'mtiredbecauseI'vebeenrunning.2)现在完成进行时可以表示一个从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作。这个动作现在仍在继续中。•Ihavebeenreadingfor2hours.[Iamstillreadingnow.]3.现在完成进行时可以和since,for+一段时间,thesefewdays,allthistime(这段时间),allalong(始终,一直),allthetime（一直）allnight,allthemorning,allone’slife,today,thisweek,thismonth,duringthenight,recently等状语连用：我读了3小时的书。•Ihavebeenreadingfor3hours.•我写了一上午的信。I’vebeenwritinglettersallthismorning.1.未完结性现在完成时强调动作的最后的结果，表示动作已经结束、完成；现在完成进行时强调动作本身，表示动作还没有结束、完成(有延续性）。Ihavereadthisnovel.(已读完）Ihavebeenreadingthisnovel.(还在读）Theyhavewidenedtheroad.(路加宽了)Theyhavebeenwideningtheroad.(路还在加宽)现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别2.刚完结性的结果现在完成进行时和现在完成时皆可表示动作对现在产生的结果（影响），但现在完成进行时所表示的结果是刚刚完成的动作的结果consequence；（是临时的/直接的)而现在完成时所表示的则是最后的结果/长久的影响(result)。（动作可能刚结束，也可能早已结束）•Wehavebeencleaningtheclassroom.（a）•Wehavecleanedtheclassroom．（b）（a）“我们打扫教室来着。”表示教室刚刚打扫过，其目前直接的结果可能是：我们身上都是灰;或是我们很累。（b）“我们把教室打扫过了。”教室可能是昨天打扫的，其结果是：现在教室很清洁，可以用了。•Youreyesareredandpuffy.Haveyoubeencrying?你的眼睛又红又肿，你是不是哭来着？•（“哭”的动作刚刚结束，它是眼睛又红又肿的原因。）•Becareful!Johnhasbeenpaintingthedoor．（a）•Johnhaspaintedthedoor．（b）•（a）句表示约翰刚刚把门油漆过，现在油漆还未干，所以你要小心。•（b）句油漆可能已干了。门看来很新.3.感情色彩现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩，而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果，平铺直叙，没有什么感情色彩可言。如：•RecentlyMaryhasbeendoingherworkregularly.（a）•RecentlyMaryhasdoneherworkregularly．（b）•（a）句显然是在表扬玛丽。（b）只说明一个事实。•Who'sbeeneatingmyapples？（a）•Who'seatenmyapples？（b）•（a）句有强烈的感情色彩，表示愤怒不满;兼有进行时态，所以有“苹果未被全部吃光”的意思，•（b）句只是希望回答的一个问题。完成时态，说明“苹果一个不剩了”。4.重复性现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在完成时则常常不带重复性。Haveyoubeenmeetingherlately？(你近来常见到她吗？)Haveyoumetherlately？(你近来见到过她吗？)5.习惯性，口语化现代英语中，特别是口语，有一种倾向，就是对于像sit,lie,wait,stay,look等这样的动词，用现在完成进行时比用现在完成时更合乎习惯。例如：Ihavebeensittingallafternoon.Ihavebeenwaitingforyousincemorning.Ihavebeenstayinginahotelsofar.比较：Ihavebeensingingallafternoon.(口语倾向于用）Ihavesungallafternoon.6.现在完成进行时一般不适用于状态动词（如know，以及have,find,understand,be等。只能用现在完成时：自从孩提我们就认识了。We’veknowneachothersincechildhood.7.现在完成进行时一般不用被动语态，应改用现在完成时的被动语态：Theroadhasbeenbeingrepairedformonths.太笨重，应改为：Theroadhasbeenrepairedformonths.8.非延续性动词(Non-ContinuousVerbs)，如finish,join，die等，通常不能用于现在完成进行时。I’vebeensittinginatrafficjamforhours.1.I’ve____goingeverywherebybike.2.I_______beenusingthecarforthelasttwomonths.Ex5.P37：UsethedialoguesinExercise5tocompletethetable.beenhaven’t3.Haveyou____watchingEurosport?4.Whathavebeen_____?5._____you____cyclingintherain?beendoingHavebeena).We’resotired.We_____________(cycle)intheforestallmorning.b).Whywashearrested?___he__________(sell)stolencarsagain?’vebeencyclingHasbeensellingEx.7PuttheverbsinbracketsinthePresentPerfectContinuous.d).Thekidsareverygoodtoday.They________________(play)quietlyfortwohours.havebeenplayingc).Idon’twanthimtogiveusalift.He_________________(notdrive)foralongtime.hasn’tbeendrivingMike:Atlast!Where____________(be)?I________________(wait)foranhour.haveyoubeenhavebeenwaitingPuttheverbsinbracketsinthePresentPerfectorPresentPerfectContinuous.(P41-8)Helen:Sorry,I_____________(talk)toanoldfriend.I___________(notsee)herforyears.Andimagine,wemetinthemiddleofthestreet,justlikethat.Mike:What___she__________(do)sinceyoulastsawher?’vebeentalkinghaven’tseenhasbeendoingHelen:She______________(work)asatelephoneoperatorinahotelbutshewantstochangeherjob.She___________________(notgeton)wellwithherbossrecently.’sbeenworkinghasn’tbeengettingonMike:Ourcompanyislookingforanoperator.(8)___________(have)anyinterestingoffersyet?HasshehadHelen:Idon’tthinkso.She_________________(notlook)foralongtime.Shejust_____________(start).Mike:Thentellheraboutthisoffer.She’llappreciateit.hasn’tbeenlookinghasjuststarted1.Judy:Howlong________________(be)inCanada?Claude:I___________________(study)hereformorethanthreeyears.2.I___________(have)thesamecarformorethantenyears.I'mthinkingaboutbuyinganewone.3.I__________(love)chocolatesinceIwasachild.Youmightevencallmeachocoholic.haveyoubeenhavebeenstudyinghavehadhaveloved4.John__________________(work)forthegovernmentsincehegraduatedfromHarvardUniversity.Untilrecently,he____________(enjoy)hiswork,butnowheistalkingaboutretiring.5.Lately,I_________________(think)aboutchangingmycareerbecauseI_______________(become)dissatisfiedwiththeconditionsatmycompany.6.I__________________(see)JudyformorethanfiveyearsandduringthattimeI______________(see)manychangesinherpersonality.hasbeenworkinghasenjoyedhavebeenthinkinghavebecomehavebeenseeinghaveseen