专升本英语作文、翻译复习讲义

写作——启、承、转、合启---启动观点开头段Nowadays,aheateddebateisspringingupasto…Withthedevelopmentof…承---内容承接拓展段首先,第一:firstly/aboveall/tobeginwith其次，第二:secondly/besides/inaddition/what’smore/最后，第三:atlast/thelastbutnottheleast转---语义转折拓展段转折：however/onthecontrary/bycontrast/instead合---总结概括结尾段结论：inshort/inbrief/inaword/inconclusion/tosumup/onthebasisoftheanalysisabove,wecandrawaconclusionthat…1）起始段写法一、话题引出段/现象、现状说明段1.Nowadays/Currently,thereisagreat/wide/widespreadconcernovertheissueof…2.Thereisapubliccontroversynowadaysovertheissueof….Thosewhoobjectto…arguethat….Butpeoplewhofavor…,ontheotherhand,arguethat…3.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thequalityofourlivesisimprovingforthebetter.4.Whenitcomesto…,people’snotionmayvaryfromonetoanother/mostpeoplebelivethat…Butotherpeoplearguethat…5.Differentpeoplehavedifferentattitudestowards…Someareinfavorof…whileothersareagainst….AsfarasI’mconcerned,Iaminclindedtosupportthelatterviewthat…2）拓展段写法(5种)一、观点对比段Currently,oppositeviewsarepresentedinthedebate.Somepeoplefirmlybelievethat….Onthecontrary,quiteafewpeoplearguethat…二、利弊列举段Everycoinhastwosidesandthisissueisnoexception.Aboveall,…Inaddition,…However,thenegativeelementsshouldnotbeneglected.三、举例论证段1.Forinstance2.Take…foraexample3.Acaseinpointis…4.Thethought-provokingsayingcanbebestillustratedbythefollowingexamples.四、原因列举段1.Whyshouldthisphenomenontakeplace?Therearegenerallythreefactorsaccountingforit.2.Consideringeveryaspectoftheissue,wemayattributethesharpchangetothreefactors.五、意义阐释段1.Thepurposeofthispictureistoshowusthatdueattentionhastobepaidto…2.Thefact/phenomenonthat…indicates/revealsthat.3）结论段写法(2种)一、归纳结论段1.Asaresult/consequence,…2.Inconclusion,3.Inmyopinion,4.AsfarasIamconcerned,5.takingintoaccountallthefactorsabove,wemaydrawaconclusionthat…6.Troughtheabove-mentionedanalysis,wehavenodifficultiesindrawingtheconclusionthat…7.Fromtheabovediscussion,wecaneasilyconcludethatbothproponentsandopponentsof…havetheirrespectivereasonsandjustifications.However,asasupporter/opponentof…,Iwouldliketostandby…/support/aproveof…二、预测趋势段Thereisnodenyingthatthetendencyofincrease/declinereflectedfromthechartwillcontinueinthefuture.作文四大主题题型一、观点对比型基本模式：热门话题，利弊共存，观点针锋相对，考生阐述个人见解WheretoLive—IntheCityortheCountry?Outline:1.Conveniencesofthecity2.Attractionsofthecountry3.Disadvantagesofboth4.Mypreference都市生活优势发达的教育(advancedlevelofeducation)便捷的交通(convenienttransportation繁荣的商业(prosperousbusiness)丰富的文化娱乐(richculturallife)WheretoLive—IntheCityortheCountry?乡村生活优势closetonature,freshair,quietandrelaxing,idyllicandsimplewayoflife,carefree都市生活劣势polluted,crowded,noisy,pressures,temptations乡村生活劣势boring,idle,sluggish,isolatedfromtheoutsideworld,inconvenientdailylife我的选择：自由选择，但是必须声明喜好原因，自圆其说句型参考：Theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.Obviously,ithasbothnegativeeffectsandpositiveeffects.Thereareadvantagesanddisadvantages.Likeanythingelse,ithasitsfaults.NothingcanequalNothingismore…than两者相同Aisnot…anymorethanB；Thesameistrueof；AandBhaveseveralthingsincommon；AbearssomeresemblancestoB两者不同A…,whereasB…；AandBdifferinseveralways模板：①Whenitcomesto,differentpeopleholddifferentviews②Somecontendthat.③Foronething,.④Foranother,.⑤Inspiteofalltheseclaims,othersmaintainthat⑥Theypointoutthat.⑦Anotherinstancecitedoftenisthat.⑧It’snoeasytasktofindasatisfactoryanswertotheissue.⑨Asforme,there’ssometruthtobotharguments.⑩It’sadvisableto.信息提示：①两种观点针对的争论焦点；②观点一；③观点一的理由1；④观点二的理由2；⑤与观点一对立的观点二；⑥观点二的理由1；⑦观点二的理由2；⑩个人的结论二、现象阐释型基本模式：以阐释现象、分析原因、阐述观点为主模板一：1.Recently,___.2.Whatamazesusmostis____.3.Itistruethat___.4.Therearemanyreasonsexplaining____.5.Themainreasonis___.6.Whatismore,___.7.Thirdly,____.8.Asaresult___.9.Consideringallthese,___.10.Foronething,____.11.Foranother,____.12.Inconclusion,____信息提示：1.描述现象，引起话题2.表现较为典型的一个方面3.对于现象做出评论4.承上启下，解释这一现象的原因5.说明原因一6.原因二7.原因三8.讲述导致的结果9.作者的态度10.观点一11.观点二12.总结全文ItPaystoBeHonest1.Recently,weoftenhearcomplaintsaboutdishonesty.2.Whatamazesusmostisthatalotofstudentscheatinexams.3.Itistruethattherearedishonestpracticesinallwalksoflife.4.Therearemanyreasonsexplainingthesedishonestbehaviors.5.Themainreasonisthatcountlesspeopleneglectthemoralvaluesinpursuitoftheirowninterests.6.Whatismore,welackeffectivelawsandregulationsofsupervision.7.Thirdly,agreatmanydishonestpeoplecanescapepunishment.8.Asaresult,theproblemofdishonestybecomesveryserious.9.Consideringallthese,Istillwanttoarguethatitpaystobehonestinthelongrun.10.Foronething,honestyisatraditionalvirtueofChinese.11.Foranother,evendishonestpeoplelikemakingfriendswithhonestpeople.12.Inconclusion,weshouldbehonest.点评：1.引起主题内容，使用often一词表示这种现象较普遍2.是第一句的展开句，说明表现较为典型的一个方面3.进一步做出结论：不诚实这一现象很普遍4.承上启下，说明原因5.指出主要原因：人们在重视自身利益的同时却忽略了道德价值6.进一步细说原因：缺乏法规7.说明不诚实现象有症结所在8.讲述导致的结果9.表述个人的观点，同时也起到了承上启下的作用10.个人观点的理由一11.个人观点的理由二12.总结全文，做人应该诚实模板二：1.Asisknowntoall,___.2.___seemtogetaccustomedto___.3.Infact,___.4.Thereasonsof___lieinseveralaspects.5.Firstly,___.6.Secondly,___.7.Thirdly,____.8.Finally,___.9.Asamatteroffact,___.10.Ontheonehand,____.11.Ontheotherhand,____.12.Therefore,____信息提示：1.摆明现象2.讲明事实，空格内填People/Students等3.说明发生的实质变化4.引起下文，讲明原因5