初中英语词性转换常见词汇

构词法-2初中英语形容词否定前后缀语法归纳否定形式规律例词中文释义dis-dishonest不诚实的im-在字母p,m,b前，初中英语主要在字母p前impoliteimpossibleimpatient不礼貌的不可能的不耐烦的in-incorrectinactive不正确的不活跃的ir-在字母r前irregular不规则的-lessuselesscarelesshomelesshopelessendless无用的粗心的无家可归的没有希望的无尽的un-(大多数形容词否定前缀都是以un-开头）unimportantunpopularuncomfortableunnecessaryunhappyunwelcomeuncommonunableunfriendlyunhealthyunsafeunfairunusual…不重要的不流行的不舒适的不必要的不开心的不受欢迎的，讨厌的不普通的不能的不友好的不健康的不安全的不公平的不同寻常的,mismistakemislead☆特别提醒：◇初中阶段，形容词否定前缀大多以un-构成，除去少数几个以-less否定后缀结尾外，不是以un-否定前缀构成的形容词基本上只有7个。即上表中以dis-,im-,in-,ir-开头的七个例词。换言之，如果把这七个词烂熟于心，那么记忆形容词否定前缀就将事半功倍。◇以un-开头的形容词其前面的冠词用的是an。例如：anunusualboy。◇dis-否定前缀除了形容词dishonest外，还常常用在动词前构成否定形式，如dislike,disagree,disappear等。动词变名词1.v+ment结尾achieve---achievement成就advertise---advertisement//advertisingagree—agreementapartment公寓amusement娱乐argue---argument争吵commit奉献—commitmentcompliment称赞，恭维develop---developmentdisgree—disagreementdepartment局，部experiment实验，试验equip装备---equipment装备，器材govern统治—government政府manage---management经营管理2．V+tion结尾admit承认—admissionattract吸引—attraction有吸引力的事或人；令人向往的地方conclude—conclusion结论compete—competition竞争，比赛discuss—discussion讨论educate-----educationdecide----decisiondescribe—description描写，描绘express表达----expression词语；表达方式graduate毕业—graduationoperate操作，动手术—operationorganize----organizationimagine—imagination想象力introduce—introduction介绍instruct—instruction指导，介绍invent—inventor/inventionillustrate阐明，举例说明--illustrationinvite—invitationinspire---inspiration灵感，鼓舞人心的---pollute----pollution污染predict---prediction预言pronounce---pronunciationresolve决心-----resolution决心impress给人印象—impression印象permit允许-----permissionsuggest-建议，暗示--suggestionsolve解决-----solution解决方法3．V+ance结尾allow—allowance允许appear—appearance外貌，出现perform----performance演出exist—existance存在4．V+ing结尾bathe洗澡---bathingend结束----ending结尾，结局train训练---trainingmean----meaning意义say-----saying谚语5．V+其他Beg(乞讨)—beggar乞丐sit--seat座位employ--employer雇主，老板--employee雇员believe—belief信仰behave行为，举止----behaviorknow---knowledgefly—flight飞行heat加热---heat热量hit撞击------hit轰动一时的人或物，碰撞mix混合-----mixture混合物press按，压—pressure压力receive—receptionist接待员serve—service服务succeed--successtour在-----旅游，在-----作巡回演出直接+地点tourChina---tour旅游/tourist游客pursue—pursuit追求，从事propose—proposal建议withdraw—withdrawal取钱；收回；撤退survive—survival--survivor幸存者arrive--arrival到达analyze—analysis分析名词变形容词1名词+yanger生气-----angryhonest—honesty诚实的hunger---hungryfog—foggy有雾的fur----furry毛皮的guilt罪恶---guilty内疚的health---healthyluck---luckycloud---cloudywind—windyrain---rainysnow---snowysun—sunnytourist------touristy游客多的business---busysalt盐---salty咸的shine---shiny发亮的silk丝绸—silky丝绸般的sleep---sleepy昏昏欲睡的taste口味，品味------tasty甜的2.名词+edbalance–balanced平衡的spot斑点，地点----spotted有斑点的talent-----talented有天赋的organized有组织的distusted厌恶的offended生气的crowded拥挤的polluted被污染的pleased高兴的3．名词+ful/lessmeaning—meaningful有意义的care—careful/careless小心的；粗心的help---helpful/helplesshome—homeless无家可归的colour---colourfulpain疼痛---painful痛苦的use---useless/usefulthank—thankful充满感激的peace和平----peaceful平静的，宁静的playful顽皮的，爱玩耍的4．名词+able还有一般以e结尾的词，去e加able，change------changable动词以辅音加y结尾把y变i加able，deny-----deniable，rely--reliableadjustable可调整的comfort---comfortableknowledge---knowledgeablesuit一套-----suitable合适的5.名词+ouscourage—courageous勇敢的danger—dangerousmystery神秘-----mysterious神秘的6.ce变tconfidence----confidentdifference---differentdependence—dependentindependence--independent7.al结尾Addition—additional附加的，额外的Class—classical经典的medicine药----medical医学的music---musicalnature---natural自然的person---personal(私人的)nation—national国家的education---educational有教育意义的tradition----traditional传统的origin起源---original新颖的；独创的grammar—grammatical语法的globe—global全球的8．名词+lyfriend—friendlylive---lively活跃的，有生气的love—lovely可爱的9.+en结尾wood—wooden木制的wool—woolen羊毛的10.其他energy精力---energeticstrategy—strategic战略的fool傻子—foolish愚蠢的freedom自由—free空的，免费的height高度—highillness疾病---illlove—loving慈爱的death---deadpleasure---pleasant/pleasedpopularity流行性—popularpride---proudscientist----scientific科学的形容词变副词1．形容词+lybad—badlybright—brightly明亮地casual—casually随意地clear—clearly清楚地complete—completely完全correct---correctly正确地final--finallyfortunate—fortunately幸运地general—generally一般来讲loud—loudlyparticular特殊的，独特的—particularlypolite—politelyproper合适的-，恰当的---properlymain------mainly主要地most多数-----mostly多半，大多数normal---normally正常地quick—quicklyquiet—quietly轻轻地，安静地real—reallyrecent最近的----recently最近；近来hard难的；努力地---hardly几乎不late迟的—lately最近；近来sad--sadlyslow---slowlyspecial—specially专门，特殊地specific---specifically特定地，明确地strong—strongly坚决地，强烈地sudden—suddenly突然usual—usually2.以le结尾的去e+ycomfortable---comfortablygentle—gentlypossible---possiblysimple----simply仅仅；只；简单地terrible---terribly3.辅音字母+y变ilyeasy—easilyheavy—heavilyhappy--happily4.特殊good—well好地well身体健康的，井true—truly形容词变名词efficient有效率的—efficiency效率patient—patience/impatiencedependent—dependenc依赖性independent—independency独立性true—truthhigh—heightwide—widthlong—lengthpossible—possibilityresponsible—responsibilityurgent—urgency紧急prosperous—prosperity繁荣accurate—accuracy准确性形容词变动词modern—modernizesocial--socializefast--fastenshort/shortenlong—lengthen—length(n.)wide--widenl