Unit 4 The Attributive Clause 定语从句

Unit4TheAttributiveClause定语从句TherewasanearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanin1976.Beforetheearthquake,thereweremanystrangethingswhichhappenedinthecountryside.Butthepeopleinthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wenttosleepasusualthatnight.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.Thekindsofattribute(定语):修饰,限定1.Heisanhonestboy.2.Weloveourcountry.3.What’syourtelephonenumber?4.MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.5.TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.Thepositionsoftheattribute:（定语的位置）1.Thisisaflowerbasket.2.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.3.ThisisabasketthatIwanttoputflowersin.（单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。）定语从句的相关概念:1.定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句2.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词TherewasanearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanin1976.3.引导定语从句的词：关系代词、关系副词：关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that等关系副词：when,where,why等Theapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.Theapplewhichisredissmall.Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.把下列句子分成两层意思:Theonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wenttobedasusualthatnight.1Theonemillionpeopleofthecitywenttobedasusualthatnight.2Theonemillionpeopleofthecitythoughtlittleoftheseevents.ItwasheardinBeijing,whichisonehundredkilometersaway.1ItwasheardinBeijing.2Beijingisonehundredkilometersaway.AhugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidecutacrossTheappleismine.houses,roadsandcanals.1Ahugecrackcutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.2Ahugecrackwaseightkilometreslongandthirtymetreswide.ThenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorInjuredreachedmorethan400,000.1Thenumberofpeoplereachedmorethan400,000.2Anumberofpeoplewerekilledorinjured.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.1Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutpeopleandtoburythedead.2Thosepeopleweretrapped.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.1Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors.2Thesurvivors’homeshadbeendestroyed.1Thewomanisateacher.2Thewomanlivesnextdoor.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.1TheboysarefromGradeone.2Theboysareplayingbasketball.Theboyswho/thatareplayingbasketballarefromGradeOne.Theboyswho/thatarefromGradeoneareplayingbasketball.1Thenurseiskind.2Thenurselooksaftermysister.Thenursewho/thatlooksaftermysisteriskind.1Wewatchedtheplay“Teahouse“.2TheplaywaswrittenbyLaoShe.Wewatchedtheplay“teahouse”which/thatwaswrittenbyLaoShe.Theyoungmanisafamouswriter.Yousawtheyoungmanyesterday.Theyoungmanwhom/who/thatyousawyesterdayisafamouswriter.Thisisthehouse.LuXunoncelivedinthehouse.Thisisthehousewhich/thatLuXunoncelivedin.Whereisthegirl?YoutalkedwithherlastSunday.Whereisthegirlwho/whom/thatyoutalkedwithlastSunday?关系代词的用法：关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？—做宾语时可以省略关系副词的用法：指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.（主语）2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.（宾语）3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.（定语）4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.（宾语）5.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyonewhosefamilywaspoor.（定语）6.Weshallneverforgetthedays(that)wespenttogether.（宾语）例1.Themanthat/whogaveyouthetalkyesterdayisourteacher.指人:that/who(主语)例2:Theboy(who/whom/that)thenurseislookingafterismyfriend.指人:who/whom/that(宾语,可省略)例3:Thecarthat/whichisredwasdamagedyesterday.指物:that/which(主语)例4:Thequestion(that/which)Idon’tunderstandisaboutgrammar.指物:that/which(宾语,可省略)1.Themanwho,thatcametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirlwhom,that,who,/ImetisLucy.3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebookthat,which,/youboughtyesterday.5.Weshallneverforgetthedaysthat,which,/wespenttogether.6.Ilikethepersontowhomyoujusttalked.7.Ihavearoomwhosewindowfacessouth.看图连句：①ThemanwhoranfastestisLiuxiang.①HarryPorterisaboywho/thathasa②Liuxiangisthemanwhoranfastest.scaronhisforehead①Thehousewhoseroofisbrownis①Beckhamisafootballplayer,whoismine.Handsome.That和Which用法的区别:1、只能用that不用which的情况:(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。①Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.②Doyouhaveanythingthatyoudon’tunderstand?(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。①I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.②Pleasesendusanyinformationthatyouhaveaboutthesubject.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。①Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.②ItisthemostbeautifulcitythatI’veeverseen.(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。①Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.②Heistheonlypersonthatwaspresentatthetime.(5)先行词既有人又有物时。Thefamouswriterandhisworksthattheradiobroadcastarepopulartothestudents.(6)先行词是who或which引导的主句。①Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?②Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.(7)主句以therebe引导时。①Therearemorethan400,000peoplethatdiedorwereinjuredintheearthquake.2、只用which不用that的情况：(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）。①Therearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.②Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.(2)在非限制性定语从句中。①Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.Myfatherusedtoworkonthefarmwherethousandsofcowswereraised.Thisisthemainreasonwhyhewaslate.当先行词为时间、地点名词，且从句中缺少时间、地点状语，用关系副词when,where引导从句。当先行词为reason,且从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副词why引导从句时间状语：onthatday地点状语：onthefarm原因状语：forthereasonIs