英语语调的类型Types of English Intonation

2Whatistone&intonation?Tonesarethewayourvoicemovesupanddown.Thewayweusethesetonesiscalledintonation.3AboutintonationThemelodyoflanguageReferstothetotalpatternofpitchchangesAnotherimportantelementofspokenEnglishMakesEnglishsoundreallyEnglish4Englishintonationaddsthemeaningofanutteranceintwoways:A.Itshowstherelationshipofwordswithinandbetweensentences;B.Ittellssomethingaboutthefeelingofthespeaker.Aboutintonation5I.TypesofEnglishIntonation1.Fallingtone2.Risingtone3.Fall-risetone(orfall-risetone)6ThefallingtoneQuestionsWhatwouldyoulike?Whatwillyouhave?Whereareyougoing?Whattimeisit?Where’syourlabbook?Wheredidyouleaveit?StatementsandshortanswersI’dlikeasandwich.I’llhaveahotdogandacoke.Tothelab.It’saquarterpastfour.Ilostit.Idon’tremember.Fallingintonationisusedforbothofthese.Theleftcolumnhasinformation-askingquestionswhichbeginwithwhwords.Therightcolumnhasstatementsandshortanswers.7TherisingtoneYes/Noquestions(Risingintonation)Areyoucominglate?MayIhelpyou?Isitcoldoutside?ShallIwaitforyou?Didhebringhismoney?Wouldyoulikeanydessert?Answers(Fallingintonation)IfIcan.Yes,I’llhaveahotdog.It’sverycold.No,yougoahead.No,heforgotit.Yes,I’llhavesomeice-cream.Risingintonationisuseforthequestions.Fallingintonationisusedfortheanswers.Noticethatsomeoftheanswerscontaindirectyes/noanswers,whichothersimplyyesornointhestatementsorshortanswerswhichfollow.8Thefall-risetoneThefall-riseconsistsofafallfromratherhightolowandthenarisetoaboutthemiddleofthevoice.Thefall-riseisconnectedwiththestressedsyllableofthelastimportantword.Likethefallingandtherisingtones.Itisonlycompletedononesyllableifthatsyllableisfinalinthegroup.Ifthereisoneorseveralsyllablesfollowing,thefallandtherisearespread.9yes.why?fifty.Thatwasnice.Thatwasn’tveryfriendly.Hewasquitekind.Thefall-risetone↘↗↘↗↘↗10Fallingtone:--Whatwouldyou↘like?--I'dlikeachicken-salad↘sandwich.--Whatwillyou↘have?--I'llhaveahotdoganda↘coke.--Whereareyou↘going?--Tothe↘lab.--What↘timeisit?--It'saquarterpast↘four.--Wheredidyou↘leaveit?--Idon'tre↘member.11RisingtoneAreyoucoming↗later?IfI↘can.MayI↗helpyou?Yes,I'llhavea↘hotdog.Isitcold↗outside?It's↘verycold.ShallI↗waitforyou?No,yougoa↘head.Didhebringhis↗money?No,hefor↘gotit.12Falling-risingtone--Doyouknow↗German?--Ican↘↗readit.--Everyoneknowsa↘boutit.--Well,↘not↗everyone.--Wegotthereabout↘midnight.--Ithinkitwas↘earlierthan↗that.--Nobodywantsto↘buythem.--Nobodycanaf↘fordto↗buythem.--Areyousurehe'scomingto↘night?--He↘said↗so.13Markoutthetonesofthefollowingsentences.1.IsGloriacomingtonight?I'mnotsure.2.Isthereanythingspecial?It'salargeparty.3.Isitsomebody'sbirthday?It'shouse-warming.4.Willweneedtobringsomething?Abottleofwinewilldo.5.Doweneedabigcake?Thatwouldbegreat.14Markoutthetonesofthefollowingsentences.1.IsGloriacomingto↗night?I'mnot↘sure.2.Isthereanything↗special?It'salarge↘party.3.Isitsomebody's↗birthday?It's↘house-warming.4.Willweneedto↗bringsomething?Abottleof↘winewilldo.5.Doweneedabig↗cake?Thatwouldbe↘great.15Unit14IntonationUnitsofEnglishP=Pre-headH=HeadN=NucleusT=Tail16ElementsinanintonationunitThenucleus:thestressedsyllableofthelast调核prominentwordinatoneunitThetail:anysyllableorsyllablesthatmay调尾followthenucleusThehead:thepartofatoneunitthatextendsfrom调头thefirststressedsyllableuptothenucleusThepre-head:anyunstressedsyllableorsyllablesthat调冠mayprecedethehead-orthenucleus,ifthereisnohead17WeareLEARNingaFOReignLANGuage.PHNTP=Pre-headH=HeadN=NucleusT=Tail18Markouttheelementsinthefollowingintonationunits.PHNT:She'llbeabletodoitproperly.PHN:Itwasaverydarknight.PNT:Hesaidso.PN:They'llbelate.HNT:Isn'tJohngoing?HN:Goahead.NT:Pardon?N:Thanks.19Markouttheelementsinthefollowingintonationunits.PHNT:She'llbeabletodoitproperly.PHN:Itwasaverydarknight.PNT:Hesaidso.PN:They'llbelate.HNT:Isn'tJohngoing?HN:Goahead.NT:Pardon?N:Thanks.20StructuresofanintonationunitPHN:Iamafraidwecan'tgo.PNT:Wehopeso.PN:Itwasatnight.HNT:Whenaretheycoming?HN:Peterhasarrived.NT:Lookathim.N:Help!21Itwasaverycoldday.______________________________________________________Itwasaverycoldday.______________________________________________________22Circletheprominentwordineachthoughtgroup.A:I’mstarved.Let’sgoandgrababitetoeat.B:Goodidea.Wheredoyouwanttogo?A:Well,there’saniceItalianrestaurantaboutablockfromhere.B:DoyouhaveyourheartsetonItalian?WhataboutaChineseplace?A:Oh,doyouknowone?B:Isuredo.Thefoodisdeliciousandit’srightaroundthecorner.A:Great!Let’sgo.23Circletheprominentwordineachthoughtgroup.A:I’mstarved.Let’sgoandgrababitetoeat.B:Goodidea.Wheredoyouwanttogo?A:Well,there’saniceItalianrestaurantaboutablockfromhere.B:DoyouhaveyourheartsetonItalian?WhataboutaChineseplace?A:Oh,doyouknowone?B:Isuredo.Thefoodisdeliciousandit’srightaroundthecorner.A:Great!Let’sgo.24Circletheprominentwordineachthoughtgroup.A:Ihaveapictureofaladysittinginapark.B:Ihavealadyinaparktoo.She’sreadingabook.A:Oh,myladyisreadinganewspaper.B:Nexttotheladythere’sabigtree.A:There’sabigtreeinmypicturetoo.B:Mypictureh