《步步高》2014届高考英语(外研版)大一轮复习讲义SB3-Module3

Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)1．causevt.引导；导致→cause_sb.to_do_sth.导致某人做某事→bringabout导致→resultin导致2．buryvt.埋葬；专心致志于→beburiedinsth.专心致志于……3．strikevt.&n．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；打击→strikesb.on_the_head打某人的头4．activeadj.积极的；活跃的→beactivein在……活跃5．damagen．&v．损失；损害→do/causedamageto对……造成损害6．pickup卷起；掀起；捡起；用车接；(经济等的)复苏→pickout挑拣7．takeoff去掉→takeover接管；接收8．onaverage平均→withanaverageof平均为……9．warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事→warnsb.againstdoingsth.警告某人不要做某事10．setfiretosth.放火(焚烧)……→setsth.onfire放火烧某物11．atsea在海上；不知所措→bythesea在海边，在海滨12．loseone’slife丧命→lead/livea(n)．..life过着……的生活Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)1．experiencevt.&n．经历；经验→experiencedadj.有经验的2．furnituren．家具→furnishvt.布置；提供3．violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→violencen．暴力4．possibilityn．可能；可能性→possibleadj.可能的→possiblyadv.可能地；或许5．terrifyingadj.吓人的；可怕的→terrifiedadj.恐惧的；受惊吓的→terrifyvt.使惊恐；使受惊吓Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)1．Thehurricane(飓风)caused(造成)abigdisaster(灾难)inthatarea.2．Theterrifying(可怕的)earthquake(地震)hasburied(埋葬)alotofvillages.3．Thethunderstorm(雷暴)struck(袭击)thecity，butthankfully(欣慰的是)noonewashurt.4．Nowthevolcano(火山)isstillactive(活跃的)andthereisapossibility(可能)thatitwillerupt(喷发)．5．Luckily(幸运的是)，thefurniture(家具)wasslightlydamaged(损害)．Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇)Therearevariouskindsofnaturaldisastersallovertheworld，suchasfloods，hurricanes，thunderstormsandsoon.Onceanyofthesenaturaldisasterstakesplace，itwilldogreatdamagetoushumanbeings.Hopefully，therewillbeapossibilitythatwehumanswillgetnaturaldisastersundercontrol.Ⅴ.课文原句背诵1．Theycandestroyhouses，butleave_the_furnitureinsideexactlywhere_it_was.它们能毁掉房子，却把房子内的家具留在原处。2．Onaverage，thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear，causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.平均来说，美国每年发生大约800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡和1500人受伤。3．Whenthelavareachedthesea，there_was_the_possibility_ofahugetidalwavewhichcouldfloodhalftheisland.当岩浆到达大海时，有可能引起巨大浪潮，它会淹没半个岛屿。Ⅰ.单项填空1．It’ssurprisingthatyourbrother________Russiansoquickly—hehasn’tlivedthereverylong.(2012·四川，20)A．pickedupB．lookedupC．putupD．madeup答案A解析考查动词短语辨析。pickup(无意之间、偶然地)学会；lookup(在书籍中)查找；putup张贴，搭建；makeup构成，编造。句意为：令人惊奇的是，你的弟弟如此快就学会说俄语了——他在那儿生活的时间并不长。根据句意选A项。(教材原句：Tornadoescanpickupcars，trainsandevenhousesandputthemdowninthenextstreet...)2．Aftertheflooding，peopleweresufferinginthatarea，________urgentlyneededcleanwater，medicineandsheltertosurvive.(2012·江苏，22)A．whichB．whoC．whereD．what答案B解析指人的先行词people在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选B项。(教材原句：Thereareviolentwindsof120kilometresperhourormore，whichcausehugewaves，heavyrainandfloods.)3．Experimentsofthiskind________inboththeU．S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.(2011·北京，21)A．haveconductedB．havebeenconductedC．hadconductedD．hadbeenconducted答案D解析句意为：早在第二次世界大战之前，这种实验就在美国和欧洲进行过了。根据句中的时间状语beforetheSecondWorldWar可知，应该用过去完成时态，故排除A、B两项。再根据谓语动词conduct和主语experiments之间为逻辑上的动宾关系可知，本题选D项。(考查单元语法)4．Youcan’tpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdon’t________asyouexpect.(2011·江西，35)A．runoutB．breakoutC．workoutD．putout答案C解析句意为：你不能预料一切，事情常常不按你预期的那样发展。runout用完，用尽；breakout爆发；workout算出，做出，制订出，发生，发展；putout熄灭。根据句意知选C项。(教材原句：Weputallthefiresout.)5．—HowdidyoulikeNick’sperformancelastnight?—Tobehonest，hissingingdidn’t________tomemuch.(2010·安徽，23)A．appealB．belongC．referD．occur答案A解析句意为：——你认为昨晚尼克的表演怎么样？——说实话，他的歌唱并不怎么吸引我。appealto吸引；belongto属于；referto指的是；occurto发生。根据句意知选A项。(教材原句：AlmostallofthemoccurintheUS，intheareafromTexasinthesoutheasttoSouthDakotainthenorth.)Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉1．Apartfromthat，therewereallsortsofdisastersthatusedtooccuronthewaytoandfromwork.(2012·广东·阅读C)除此之外，还有各种各样过去经常发生在上下班途中的灾难。2．Theanswerdependslargelyonculturalvaluesaswellaspersonalexperiences.(2012·安徽·阅读B)答案很大程度上取决于个人经历及文化价值观。3．Redcancauseaperson’sbloodpressuretoriseandincreasepeople’sappetites.(2012·安徽·阅读B)红色使人血压升高，食欲增强。4．It’snoeasyjobtostrikeabalancebetweenapologizingornot.(2011·江苏·任务型阅读)取得道歉和不道歉之间的平衡可不是一件容易的事。5．Leadersmayalsobeafraidthattheadmissionofamistakewilldamageordestroytheorganizationforwhichtheyareresponsible.(2011·江苏·任务型阅读)领导人可能也害怕承认错误会对他们所负责的组织形象造成毁坏。Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英1．作为一个活跃的年轻人，我喜欢运动和户外活动。(active)(2011·辽宁·书面表达)Being_an_active_young_person，I_like_sports_and_outdoor_activities.2．2008年5月12日，一场可怕的地震几乎毁坏了学校的一切，留下了严重破损的大楼。(现在分词短语作结果状语)(2011·福建·书面表达)On_May_12,2008，a_severe_earthquake_destroyed_almost_everything_in_the_school，leaving_badly­damaged_buildings.历年高考热点：occur，disaster，experience，cause，strike，damage，active，pickup，putout等的用法2014考点预测：experience，cause，occur，strike，pickup，endup等的用法1.experience双语释义n．经验；实践；阅历；经历，体验；v.经历；经受；遭受(gothrough)；感受；体会；体验学情诊断(1)用experience的适当形式填空①LivinginAfricawasverydifferentfromhomeandquiteanunforgettableexperience.②Heisateacherwithalotofexperience.③Heisnowexperiencedindealingwithproblemstudents.④ThisisthemostwonderfulfeelingIhaveeverexperienced.(2)Heisamanof________andhehadalotofinteresting________inhislife.A．muchexperience；experiencesB．manyexperiences；experienceC．muchexperience；experienceD．manyexperiences；experiences答案A解析句意为：他是一个经验丰富的人，在一生中有着许多有趣的经历。experience表示“经验”时是不可数名词，表示“经历”时是可数名词。归纳拓展practicalexperience实际经验inone’sexperience根据某人的经验看putsth.downtoexperience从……中吸取教训；吃一堑长一智experiencedadj.有经验的；熟练的beexperiencedat/in在……方面有经验，擅长易错提示experience意为“经验”时是不可数名词；意为“经历”时是可数名词。2.cause双语释义n．原因