新概念2-lesson8

Lesson8Thebestandtheworstcompetition[kɒmpə'tɪʃ(ə)n]neat[niːt]path[pɑːθ]wooden['wʊd(ə)n]pool[puːl]n.比赛，竞赛adj.整齐的，n.小路，小径adj.木头的n.水池competition[,kɔmpə‘tiʃən]n.比赛，竞赛eg.Shecamefirstinthebeautycompetition.她在选美比赛中得了第一名。competitionbetween(twoparties)双方之间的比赛competev.[kəm'pi:t]competeagainst/withsb跟…竞争/比赛eg.Wecancompeteagainstanybodyandwecanwin.我们可以与任何人竞争而且能赢得胜利。competitor[kəm'petɪtə]n.竞争者，比赛者，对手neat[niːt]adj.整齐的，整洁的，有序的aneatroom一间整洁的房间aneatgarden一个整齐有序的花园aneatroad一条整洁的小路aneatwriting书写工整cleanadj.干净的，无杂质的cleanhands干净的双手cleanair清洁的空气acleanroom一间干净的房间neatadj.（口语）纯的，不掺水的，没有杂质的aneatwhisky纯威士忌eg.That'sneat!(That'sgreat!)太棒了！path(footpath)[pɑːθ]市镇中间，住宅之间，沿路有标志的人行道road路，道路，公路countryroad乡村小路byroad=bycarorbybus表示坐车这种交通方式eg.AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大路通罗马。wooden['wʊd(ə)n]adj.1.木制的awoodenbridgeoverapool在水池上的一个小木桥2.举止行为僵硬而笨拙的awoodensmile一个僵硬的微笑awoodenperformance笨拙的表演wood1.木，木材（不可数名词）eg.Tablesareusuallymadeofwood.桌子通常是由木头制成的。2.woods森林（不如forest大）goforawalkinthewoods在森林中散步woody木材的，木质的，像木头的pool[puːl](指自然形成的池塘)1.水池，水坑，水塘swimmingpool游泳池2.合伙投资eg.Weboughtacomputerbythepool.我们合伙买了一台电脑。lake[leɪk]湖pond[pɒnd]池塘(多为人工开凿而成,用于养鸭、养鱼之用)（尤指供牲口饮水或作为花园之装饰）afishpond养鱼池•JoeSandershasthemostbeautifulgardeninourtown.Nearlyeverybodyentersfor'TheNicestGardenCompetition'eachyear,butJoewinseverytime.BillFrith'sgardenislargerthanJoe's.BillworksharderthanJoeandgrowsmoreflowersandvegetables,butJoe'sgardenismoreinteresting.Hehasmadeneatpathsandhasbuiltawoodenbridgeoverapool.Ilikegardenstoo,butIdonotlikehardwork.EveryyearIenterforthegardencompetitiontoo,andIalwayswinalittleprizefortheworstgardeninthetown!JoeSandershasthemostbeautifulgardeninourtown.Nearlyeverybodyentersfor'TheNicestGardenCompetition'eachyear,butJoewinseverytime.nearly几乎，差不多（同义词almost）1.二者常用于肯定句中间eg.Shefellandnearly/almostbrokeherneck.她摔倒，几乎摔断了脖子。Henearly/almostalwaysarriveslate.他几乎总是迟到。区别：2.almost可与否定词连用eg.Heatealmostnothing.他几乎什么东西都没吃。eg.Thereisalmostnoroomtosit.这儿几乎没有什么地方可坐。3.nearly+数词eg.Thetopprizeisnearly￡1000.一等奖几乎是1000英镑。win+比赛/奖品winthematch赢得比赛winthefirstprize赢得一等奖BillFrith'sgardenislargerthanJoe's.BillworksharderthanJoeandgrowsmoreflowersandvegetables,butJoe'sgardenismoreinteresting.Hehasmadeneatpathsandhasbuiltawoodenbridgeoverapool.over在垂直上方，正上方eg.Alampwashangingoverthetable.一盏灯悬挂在桌子上方。on表示相接触的上方onthetableonthewallabove在…上方，高于eg.Theflowersformedanarchwayabovehishead.鲜花在他头上方形成一个拱形门。abovesealevel['levl]在海平面上方abovezero['ziərəu]零以上，大于零abovetheaverage['ævəridʒ]高于平均水平Ilikegardenstoo,butIdonotlikehardwork.EveryyearIenterforthegardencompetitiontoo,andIalwayswinalittleprizefortheworstgardeninthetown!enterfor报名参加enter进入entertheroom进入房间enteruniversity进入大学entrance['entrəns]n.入口takepartin参与eg.Theprofessortooknosmallpartinthediscussion.那位教授根本没有参加讨论。joinin参加，加入eg.MayIjoininyourconversation?我能加入你们的谈话吗？joininthesportsmeeting.参加运动会jointhearmy参军eg.Won'tyoujoinusinatennismatch?你加入我们的网球比赛吗?Grammar:这一课的语法主要是讲了形容词和副词的比较级及最高级。比较级和最高级的一般变化（“直去双改”）和不规则变化。所谓“直去双改”就是形容词（单音节）的一般变化时遵循直去双改的原则。规则变化直:就是直接在词尾加er/este.g.:small—smaller去:就是去e加er/este.g.:nice—nicer双:就是以辅元辅结尾的闭音节单词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er/este.g.:big—biggerhot—hotter改:则是指以辅音加y结尾，改y为i再加er/este.g.:happy–happier分词形容词，一般在词前加more，moste.g.moretired同时形容词多音节的比较级规则变化则是more+adj.来构成。eg:morebeautiful,moredelicious不规则变化far----farther----farthest----further----furthestold----older----oldest----elder----eldestlate----later----latestgood----better----bestwell----better----bestbad----worse----worstill----worse----worstmany----more----mostmuch----more----mostlittle----less----least形容词比较级的构成E.g.：Iamtallerthanyou.Youdobetterthanher.构成：A+be+形容词比较级+than+BA+do+形容词比较级+than+B含义：A比B…比较级的用法1.A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B表示“A比B更…..一些”e.g.Thisclassroomislargerthanthatone.这间教室比那间教室要大。Herunsfasterthanhisclassmate.他比他的同学跑的更快。2.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”e.g.Theweatherisgettinghotterandhotter.天气越来越热。3.“the+比较级…,the+比较级…..”表示“越……就越”e.g.Thefaster,thebetter.越快越好。最高级用法A+be动词+the+形容词最高级+范围“最……..”e.g.:Heisthetallestboyinhisclass.e.g.:Sheisthecleverestgirlofthethree.Test1）----Areyoufeeling____?----Yes，I'mfinenow.A.wellB.betterC.goodD.quitebetter答案：B.quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.2）Theexperimentwas____easierthanwehadexpected.A.moreB.muchmoreC.muchD.moremuch答案：C.much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。3）Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave___atschool.A.thehappiesttimeB.amorehappiertimeC.muchhappiesttimeD.amuchhappiertime答案：D。用所给词的正确形式填空：1.Whichis_______(big),thesun,themoonortheearth?2.Whichis________________(beautiful),theblackcoartortheblueone?3.Thismooncakeis_________(cheap)ofall.4.Heis____________(strong)intheclass.5.Englishis_____________(widely)spokenintheworld.biggestmorebeautifulcheapestthestrongestthemostwidely6.Dicksings_____(well),shesings______(well)thanJohn,butMarysings___________(well)inherclass.7.John’sparentshavefourdaughters,andsheisthe__________(young)child.wellbetterthebesttheyoungest