土壤活性有机质及其与土壤质量的关系

25320053ACTAECOLOGICASINICAVol.25,No.3Mar.,20051,3,13,2,2(11,110016;21,100085;31,100039):(KZCX32SW2418);(30270268):2004202221;:2004208215:(1977),,,,E2mail:[e-mail]3Authorforcorrespondence.E2mail:SLWang21@hotmailcomFoundationitem:ChineseAcademyofScienceProgram(No.KZCX32SW2418)andNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.30270268)Receiveddate:2004202221;Accepteddate:2004208215Biography:WANGQing2Kui,Ph.D.candidate,mainlyengagedinsoilorganicmatterandsoilquality.E2mail:[e-mail]:,:(1),;(2),,;(3),,Cö:;;;;ActivesoilorganicmatteranditsrelationshipwithsoilqualityWANGQing2Kui1,3,WANGSi2Long1,3,FENGZong2Wei2,HUANGYu2(1.InstituteofAppliedEcology,CAS,Shenyang110016;2ResearchCenterforEco2EnvironmentalSciences,CAS,Beijing100085,China;3GraduateSchooloftheAcademyofSciences,Beijing100039,China).ActaEcologicaSinica,2005,25(3):513519.Abstract:Activesoilorganicmatter(ASOM)isanimportantsoilcomponent,influencingdissolvedorganiccarbon(DOC),microbialbiomass(MB),andlightfractionorganicmatter(LOM).Inparticular,soilorganicmatter(SOM)affectsshort2termnutrientturnoverandisresponsiblefortemporarystabilityofsoilstructure.ASOMisamajorcomponentofbiochemicalcyclesofnutrientelementssuchasN,P,S,andbothitsqualityandquantityreflectandcontrolprimaryproductivity.ASOMhasbeenproposedasasensitiveindicatorofearlychangesinSOMunderdifferentmanagementpracticessuchastillage,strawincorporation,fire,clear2cutting,ormanureapplication.Becauseofitsdualrolesasapooloflabilenutrientsandastheagentofdecompositionoforganicmaterialsinsoil,MBmaybeasensitiveindicatorofchangesinASOM.Thispoolisimportantsinceitservesasareadilydecomposablesubstrateforsoilmicroorganisms,ashort2termreservoirofplantnutrients,andfragmentsbecomethecentreforformationofwater2stableaggregates.IncreasesinorganicmatterquantityandespeciallyqualitycanresultedinincreasedNmineralizationpotentialandgreatlyincreasedaggregatestability.ASOMwasevaluatedasanindexofsoilquality(SQ).Inthispaper,theauthorsdiscussontherelationshipbetweensoilnutrients,physicalandchemicalpropertiesandSQ.ThequantityandqualityofASOMwerefoundtobeinfluencedbysoilfactorssuchastexture,watercontent,temperature,cationexchangecapacity,andpHvalue.AverysignificantpositivecorrelationwasfoundbetweentheconcentrationsofDOC,microbialbiomasscarbon(MBC),microbialbiomassnitrogen(MBN)andtheconcentrationsofsoilorganiccarbon,totalnitrogenandavailablenitrogen.MBCandratioofMBCtoDOCwerepositivelycorrelatedwithsoilclayandsiltcontents,andnegativelycorrelatedwithsoilsandcontent.Keywords:activesoilorganicmatter(ASOM);dissolvedorganiccarbon(DOC);microbialbiomass(MB);lightfraction©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.organicmatter(LFOM);soilquality(SQ):100020933(2005)0320513207:S15316:A(soilorganicmatter,SOM),,,SOM,(soilquality,SQ)207080,,,(activesoilorganicmatter,ASOM)ASOM[1,2],(microbialbiomass,MB)(lightfractionorganicmatter,LFOM)[3]ASOM,[4,5][1,2,6,7]ASOM,SQ,()[8],[9]ASOMSQ,SQ,,11.1(dissolvedorganiccarbon,DOC),,,[10]DOC,,(water2solubleorganiccarbon,WSOC)DOC,[11]DOC,,DOC,DOCKalbitz[12],DOC;McdowellLikens[13]DOC,Qualls[14],DOC,,WSOC,WSOC[15],WSOC,200mgökg[16,17],[18];ASOM,,;,DOC,WSOC,Blair[1],,,Biederbeck[7],,DOC1.2(MB)510Lm3,MBN,CNPS,MBMB,[19][20][21],MB[22][23][3],[22,23]ASOM[22]MB,ASOM[24]Lundquist[25]MB,ASOMMB[26]ö(CmicöCorg)[27],Beck[28]CmicöCorgCmicöCorg[29]CmicöCorg0127%710%,41525©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.[28,30]Powlson[23],WSOCC,;,C[31]MBWSOC,[18]113(LFOM),,[32]CöN[33]LFOM,[3],,[34]LFOM,,,[5,35]LFOM[2,36],LFOM,LFOM[2,5,7],[32],,LFOM[35]DalaMayer[5],211,3ASOM,[37],MBCMBNWSOCLFOMBiederbeckZentner[7](LOM)(MBOM)(LFOM),:LOM=-01104+0108MBOM+0105LFOM[38]MBCWSOC,SMBCWSOC(WSOC=121102+010619SMBC,R2=012106)1Janzen[2],(MBN)LFOM,Liang[31],SMBCWSOCC,,SMBCWSOC,ASOM,,DOCMBC,LFOM2ASOM3,:2070[39],(LFOM)(HFOM)Janzen[2],LFOM(MBN),Dala[40]LFOM76%96%AOM,LFOMASOMKMnO4K2Cr2O7Logninow[41]33mmolöL167mmolöL333mmolöL3KMnO4,3LefroyBlair[42]3,333mmolöLKMnO4,,,[43],40%710d,,Anderson[44]CO2,3ASOMSOM,,MBMBN,ASOMNASOM311MB2%3%3%5%[45],,[21],,,[46,47],[48][19],MBCMBN[49],:,[50],[50],,Biederbeck[7],2111%5153:©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,[51],LFOM[52]312DOC,DOC,[50]DOC,DOC[49],DOC1%5%,2,Ross[53],O,AlAlDOC,DOC313,LFOM[2,54]Ford[55],ASOM25%60%;,NN[36]Janzen[2]LFOM,LFOMSierra[54],NLFOMN4,,LFOMN40%50%,LFOMN,LFOMN,,,LFOM,441141111,,[56]Conteh[57]ASOM,ASOMWhitbread[6],ASOM250Lm,,ASOMMB,LFOMASOM()[58,59]CmicöCorg[59];CmicöCorg[60]41112Wang[61],WSOC,,WSOCChrist[62],,WSOCDosskey[63],DOC,,DOC,[64]DOCDOC,,DOC,DOC[65]DOC6012%1713%Bolan[66],DOC,;4DOC,412ASOM,pHMoody[67]ASOM,ECECpH615(CEC615)(DELTACEC)pH(pH2BC),ECECDELTACECCEC615pH2BC,ECECASOM,CEC615Curtin[68]pH,DOC,[50]DOC,DOCpH,Moody[67]Jardine[15]pH415DOC,pHDOCDOCpHpHVanceDavid[65],O,DOC;,pHDOCB,pHDOC,,,,DOC,DOCpH561525©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.SOM,ASOMLefroyBlair[42]ASOM,SOM(CPMI,%):(CPMI,%)=(CPI)(AI)100:(CPI)=(mgög)ö(mgög)(AI)=(A)ö(A)=(mgög)ö(mgög),,SOM,,SOM,ASOM,,ASOMReferences:[1]BlairGJ,LefroyRDB,LisleL1S