基于MSP430单片机的直流无刷电机控制系统设计

毕业设计说明书基于MSP430单片机的无刷直流电机控制系统设计2013年6月基于MSP430单片机的无刷直流电机控制系统设计摘要无刷直流电动机是在有刷直流电动机的基础上发展起来的。现阶段，虽然各种交流电动机和直流电动机在传动应用中占主导地位，但无刷直流电动机正受到普遍的关注。自20世纪90年代以来，随着人们生活水平的提高和现代化生产、办公自动化的发展，家用电器、工业机器人等设备都越来越趋向于高效率化、小型化及高智能化，作为执行元件的重要组成部分，电机必须具有精度高、速度快、效率高等特点，无刷直流电机的应用和需求也因此而迅速增长。本设计是把无刷直流电动机作为设计对象，以MSP430单片机为控制MCU，单片机采集比较电平及电机霍尔反馈信号，通过软件编程控制无刷直流电动机。将整个系统分成几个部分，讨论了各个部分的电路原理、控制策略、具体实现。根据永磁无刷直流电动机的特性实施脉宽PWM控制，并通过转速传感器测量转速通过LCD1602动态显示转速。关键词:无刷直流电动机,单片机,霍尔位置传感器MSP430Microcontroller-basedbrushlessDCmotorControlSystemDesignAbstractBrushlessDCmotorinabrushDCmotordevelopedonthebasisof.Atthisstage,althoughexchangesofallkindsofDCmotorsandmotordriveintheapplicationofthedominant,butbrushlessDCmotorisundercommonconcern.Sincethe1990s,aspeople'slivingstandardsimproveandmodernizeproduction,thedevelopmentofofficeautomation,householdappliances,industrialrobotsandotherequipmentareincreasinglytendtobehighefficiency,smallsizeandhighintelligence,astheimplementationofcomponentsAnimportantcomponentofthemotormusthaveahighaccuracy,speed,highefficiency,brushlessDCmotorandthereforetheapplicationisalsogrowingrapidly.ThisdesignisthebrushlessDCmotorastheelectricbicyclemotor-drivencontrolsystem,MSP430microcontrollerforcontrolMCU,SCMcollectionandcomparison-levelelectricalsignalHallfeedback,softwareprogrammingthroughbrushlessDCmotorcontroller.Thispaperanalyzestherequirementsfromthesystem,thewholesystemwillbedividedintoseveralparts,analysisanddiscussionofthevariouspartsofthecircuitofthecontrolstrategy,implementationmethod.AccordingtothepermanentmagnetbrushlessDCmotorcontrolofthePWMpulsewidth,speedsensoranddisplayspeedthroughLCD1602.Keywords:BLDCM,thesinglechipprocessor,hallpositionsensorI目录1引言..............................................................................................................................11.1电机的分类..................................................................................................................11.2无刷直流电机及其控制技术的发展..........................................................................11.3本文研究的意义及主要内容......................................................................................32设计主要部件介绍......................................................................................................42.1无刷直流电机介绍......................................................................................................42.1.1无刷直流电机组成..................................................................................................42.1.2无刷直流电机工作原理..........................................................................................42.1.3无刷直流电机主要工作方式...................................................................................52.2MSP430单片机介绍...................................................................................................72.2.1MSP430单片机特点................................................................................................72.2.2单片机选型...............................................................................................................82.2.3MSP430F149介绍...................................................................................................92.3LM621介绍...............................................................................................................102.4涡轮流量计介绍.......................................................................................................112.5脉宽调制技术介绍....................................................................................................113直流无刷电机的模糊PI控制..................................................................................133.1模糊控制器在直流无刷调速系统中的应用............................................................133.2直流无刷电动机数学模型........................................................................................133.3模糊PI控制器..........................................................................................................154控制系统设计............................................................................................................184.1系统总体功能介绍....................................................................................................184.2MSP430F149单片机最小系统................................................................................194.3显示模块介绍............................................................................................................204.3.1显示模块硬件设计.................................................................................................204.3.2显示模块软件设计.................................................................................................214.4驱动模块介绍............................................................................................................23II4.4.1驱动模块硬件设计................................................................................................234.4.2PWM控制软件设计..............................................................................................234.5按键模块介绍..........................................................................................