突发公共卫生事件下的群体心理反应与干预

©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.();()(emergenteventsofpublichealth,),21,911SARS,,,,,,,,,,,[1,2]:;;2003SARS()20034,1992,2004129.11[3]:;;;;,,,,9.11SARS,9.11SARS,,,,11:,:,SCL290STAIDSMPTSD2IVIES;SCL290,(EPQ)(SCSQ)(GQOLI274),:[4]SARS(),[5]SARS,SARS(SARS)SARS,,,21:,(1):[1,6,7]:SARS,,,,,,RobertMaunder[8],SARS,SARS,,,,199359%,(PTSD)23%ArmenKGoenjian[9],1998,,,,200412,6%8%;,19991.46(2):,,;,,[6,10],,,(3):[7,10,11],SARSRobertMaunder[8],,,SARS:SRAS,SARS,20%PTSD[12];SARS6,18%[13][14],,,(ASD)(MDE)(PTSD)93112005121412ChinJofBehavioralMedSci,December2005,Vol14,No.12©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[15,16],,100(4):SARS,[6,7,10],,,SARS,,,,SusanKlitzman[17],,9.1112,LowerManhattan1008,9.7%,7.5%PTSDSusanKlitzman[17],,,,HongtuChen,HongtuChen[18],,,,;,,,,[19],,,11:,,DoriBReiss2man[20]:,,,;,,,,,,,,,[6,7],,,,,,2.:,,,,[7],,[19],[21]SARS,,3.:SARS,,,,,;,,,4.:[22],,,,,,[6,23],200351,4SARS,,SusanKlitzman[17],9.11,,,,5.::;;;,[19],,[19],SARS,[7],SARS()[7],,,1..:,2003.2,,,..,2003,19:96297.3,,,..,2002,8:1062110.4,.SARS.,2003,17:599.5,,,.SARS.,2003,11:441244216,..,2003,11:3872392.7.SARS.:,2003.8RobertM,JonathanH,LeslieV,etal.Theimmediatepsychologicalandoccupationalimpactofthe2003SARSoutbreakinateachinghospital,2003,168:12452125119ArmenK,LuisM,AlanM,etal.Posttraumaticstressanddepressivere2actionsamongNicaraguanadolescentsafterHurricaneMitch,1581788204112005121412ChinJofBehavioralMedSci,December2005,Vol14,No.12©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(),2003,5:47250.11,,,.SARS.,2003,12:5542555.12ChanAO,HuakCY.Psychologicalimpactofthe2003severeacutere2spiratorysyndromeoutbreakonhealthcareworkersinamediumsizere2gionalgeneralhospitalinSingapore,2004,54:190.13Kum-YingTham.PsychologicalEffectofSARSonEmergencyDoctorsandNurses,2004,11:452.14,,,.SARS.,2003,20:9192921.15CarolS,RobertJ,LemingW.AcuteStressDisorder,PosttraumaticStressDisorder,andDepressioninDisasterorRescueWorkers,161:137021376.16SperlingJD,LevyPD,GarritanoJ,etal.AcuteStressDisorderandMajorDepressiveEpisodeDiagnosesamongEmergencyDepartmentStaffInvolvedintheResponsetotheWorldTradeCenterTragedy,2002,10:548.17SusanKlitzman,NicholasFreudenberg.ImplicationsoftheWorldTradeCenterattackforthepublichealthandhealthcareinfrastructures,2003,193:4002406.18HongtuChen,HenryChung,TeddyChen,LinFang,Jian-PingChen.TheemotionaldistressinacommunityaftertheterroristattackontheWorldTradeCenter,2003,139:157.19,..,2004,18:3952397.20DoriBReissman.CommentaryonANationalLongitudinalStudyofthePsychologicalConsequencesoftheSeptember11,2001TerroristAt2tacks:Reactions,Impairment,andHelp2Seeking:NewRolesforMen2talandBehavioralHealthExpertstoEnhanceEmergencyPreparednessandResponse,Readiness,2004,67:1182122.21..,2003,15:18223.22,..,2003,11:4002404.23,,,.SARS.,2003,12:5512553.(:2005-02-14)(:)(1135)1McTigueDM,HornerPJ,StokesBT,etal.Neurotrophin23andbrain2derivedneurotrophicfactorinduceoligodendrocyteproliferationandmy2elinationofregeneratingaxonsinthecontusedadultratspinalcord.JNeurosci,1998,18:535425365.2ThoenenH.Neurotrophinsandneuronalplasticity.Science,1995,270:5932598.3GrundyPL,PatelN,HarbuzMS,etal.GlucocorticoidsmodulateBDN2FmRNAexpressionintherathippocampusaftertraumaticbraininjury.Neuroreport,2000,11:338123384.4MarmigereF,GivaloisL,RageF,etal.RapidinductionofBDNFex2pressioninthehippocampusduringimmobilizationstresschallengeina2dultrats.Hippocampus,2003,13:6462655.5FujiharaH,SeiH,MoritaY,etal.Short2termsleepdisturbanceen2hancesbrain2derivedneurotrophicfactorgeneexpressioninrathippo2campusbyactingasinternalstressorJMolNeurosci,2003,21:2232232.6SeiH,FujiharaH,UetaK,etal.Singleeight2hourshiftoflight2darkcycleincreasesbrain2derivedneurotrophicfactorproteinlevelsintherathippocampus.LifeSciences,2003,73:53259.7AdlardPA,CotmanCW.Voluntaryexerciseprotectsagainststress2in2duceddecreasesinbrain2derivedneurotrophicfactorproteinexpression.Neuroscience,2004,124:9852992.8ScheepensA,WassinkG,BlancoCE.Theeffectofaglobalbirthas2phyxiaontheontogenyofBDNFandNGFproteinexpressionintheju2venilebrain.DevelopmentalBrainResearch,2003,140:2152221.9SmithMA,MakinoS,KvetnanskyRetal.Stressandglucocorticoidsaffecttheexpressionofbrain2derivedneurotrophicfactorandneurotro2phin23mRNAsinthehippocampus.JNeurosci,1995,15:176821777.10ScaccianoceS,DelBiancoP,CaricasoleA,etal.Relationshipbetweenlearning,stressandhippocampalbrain2derivedneurotrophicfactor.Neuroscience,2003,121:8252828.11FujiokaT,FujiokaA,EndohH,etal.Materno2fetalcoordinationofstress2inducedFosexpressioninthehypothalamicparaventricularnucle2usduringpregnancy.Neuroscience,2003,118:4092415.12BarrientosRM,SprungerDB,CampeauS,etal.Brain2derivedneurotro2phicfactormRNAdownregulationproducedbysocialisolationisblockedbyintrahippocampalinterleukin21receptorantagonistNeuroscience,2003,121:8472853.13RasmussonAM,ShiL,DumanR.DownregulationofBDNFmRNAinthehippocampaldentategyrusafterre2exposuretocuespreviouslyasso2