七年级英语下册-Unit-4-Don’t-eat-in-class语法-人教新目标版

1)表示能力,“会”,“能”(在第一册中已经学习这种用法)例如:Canyouplaytheguitar?你会弹吉它吗？JudycanspeakalittleChinese.朱蒂会说一点中文。Icandanceandsing.我能唱歌又能跳舞。1.情态动词can的用法2)表示允许、许可,“可以”、“能”(在这一课中新学的词义)例如:Canthestudentsruninthehallways?学生们可以在走廊上跑吗?Wecaneatoutside.我们可以在外面吃东西。CanIcomein?我能进来吗?2.情态动词haveto的用法haveto意思是“必须、不得不”,它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。1)结构:主语＋haveto＋动词原形＋其他(一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,用hasto;)如：Wehavetowearsneakersforgymclass.在体育课上,我们必须穿运动鞋。Tomhastopracticetheguitareveryday.汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。2)否定形式:主语＋don’thaveto＋动词原形＋其他(一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,用doesn’thaveto;)e.g.Nickdoesn'thavetowearauniform.尼克不必穿制服。Idon'thavetodomyhomeworkatfirst.我不必马上完成作业。3)疑问句:Do(Does)＋主语＋haveto＋动词原形＋其他如:--Doyouhavetostayathomeonweekends?--Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.周末你必须呆在家里吗？是的,我必须。/不,我不必。Wehavetowearsneakersforgymclass.Tomhastopracticetheguitareveryday.must表示人的主观看法，意味“必须，得”，没有人称和时态的变化，只用于一般现在时。其否定形式mustn't表示“禁止，不允许”。Imustleaverightnow.Wemustn'ttakedogstothepark.回答由must引导的疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't或don't/doesn'thaveto.Mustshefinishherhomeworkbefore7:00?Yes,shemust.No,sheneedn't./No,shedoesn'thaveto.3.情态动词must的用法1.祈使句是表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召、劝告等的句子;通常省略主语you;句中谓语动词用动词原形;句尾一般用降调;祈使句的开头是动词原形。祈使句有肯定和否定两种：e.g.Lookout!小心！Waithereforme!在这等我！GrammarListentome.Standup.Sitdown.Comein.Goaway.Lookattheblackboard.Beagoodgirl.Belate.Becareful.Bequiet.Let'splaybasketball.Lethimhavebreakfast.LetherwatchTV.怎么变为否定句？在句首加Don't2.句子结构(1)肯定句：__动词原形__+其他Listentome.Standup.Sitdown.Comein.Goaway.Lookattheblackboard.Beagoodgirl.Belate.Becareful.Bequiet.Let'splaybasketball.Lethimhavebreakfast.LetherwatchTV.2.句子结构(2)否定句:Don’t+动词原形+其他Don'tlistentome.Don'tbeagoodgirl.(3)No+动词-ing形式。表示“禁止、规劝”禁止停车！NoParking.禁止吸烟！NoSmoking.2.句子结构(1)肯定句：__________+其他在餐厅里吃东西。________________________________在音乐教室里听音乐。________________________________骑自行车去上学。_________________________________Ridethebiketoschool.Eatinthedininghall.动词原形Listentomusicinthemusicroom.(2)否定句:_____+_________+其他不要和同学们打架。_______________________________不要在教室里打篮球。________________________________Don’tfightwithyourclassmates.Don’tplaybasketballintheclassroom.Don’t动词原形1.Sitdown.2.Comein.3.Eatathome.Don’tsitdown.Don’tcomein.Don’teatathome.Ⅱ.把下列祈使句改成否定句4.Listentomusicoutside.5.Doyourhomeworkatschool.Don’tlistentomusicoutside.Don’tdoyourhomeworkatschool.1.不要在楼道里跑。______________________________2.不要打架。____________________3.有什么规则？______________________________4.我们必须按时上课._______________________________阅读GrammarFocus部分，完成下列句子。Don’tfight.Don’truninthehallways.Whataretherules?Wemustbeontimeforclass.5.我们可以在教室里吃东西吗？_____________________________6.不能。但我们可以在餐厅里吃东西。________________________________________________________________7.我们可以在上课的时候带帽子吗？_____________________________Canwewearahatinclass?No,wecan’t,butwecaneatinthedininghall.Canweeatintheclassroom?8.他在学校里必须穿校服吗？__________________________________9.是的，必须。/不，不必。_______________________________10.你们必须做什么？_______________________________11.在图书馆里我们必须保持安静。_________________________________Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Doeshehavetowearauniformatschool?Whatdoyouhavetodo?Wehavetobequietinthelibrary.二、询问和讨论学校规则：1.━有什么规则？━我们必须保持安静。_______________________________________2.━我们可以在上课的时候戴帽子吗？________________________________━不可以。你可以在外面戴帽子。_________________________________Whataretherules?Wemustbequiet.Canwewearahatinclass?No,wecan’t.Youcanwearahatoutside.3.━你必须做什么事？_______________________━我们必须穿校服。________________________________4.他必须在校吃午饭吗？__________________________________Wemustweartheschooluniforms.Whatdoyouhavetodo?Doeshehavetoeatlunchatschool?LibraryRules1.Don’ttalk.2.__________________3.__________________4.__________________3aWritetherulesfortheschoollibrary.Don’tlistentomusic.Don’teatordrink.Don’ttakephotos.方法指导：1.由图示可知都是一些禁止类的祈使句。2.可知应用“Don’t+动词原形”句子。1.Bequiet?(she/haveto/inthelibrary)Q:Doesshehavetobequietinthelibrary?A:Yes,shedoes.3bUsethewordstomakequestionsabouttherules.Thenwriteanswersaccordingtoyourschool.2.Eat?(he/haveto/inthedinninghall)Q:__________________________A:__________________________3.Listentomusic?(we/can/inthehallways)Q:__________________________A:__________________________4.Wearahat?(we/can/intheclassroom)Q:________________________A:________________________1.根据例句，可知要求我们造一般疑问句并根据实际情况进行回答。2.先确定句子的主语。3.再确定用情态动词还是用助动词来构成疑问语序。4.根据实际情况做出肯定或否定回答，答语的主语要与问句保持一致。2.Eat?(he/haveto/inthedininghall)Q:________________________________?A:_____________3.Listentomusic?(we/can/inthehallways)Q:________________________________?A:_____________4.Wearahat?(we/can/intheclassroom)Q:_____________________________?A:____________Thenanswerthequestions.Yes,hedoes.DoeshehavetoeatinthedininghallCanwelistentomusicinthehallwaysNo,wecan’t.CanwewearahatintheclassroomNo,wecan’t.Atmydreamschool,wedon’thavetocometoschooleveryday.…Wecaneatinclass.…3cMakeupfivecoolrulesforyourdreamschool.Shareyourruleswiththeclass.YourclassmatesvotefortheCoolestSchool!Wedon’thavetowearschooluniforms.…Wecanlistentomusicinclass.…Wecaneatintheclassroom.…Wedon’thavetodohomework.…Atmydreamschool,wedon’thavetocometoschooleveryday.Wecaneatintheclassroom.Wecanlistentomusicinclass.Wedon’thavetodohomework.Wedon’thavetowears